Search results for "trapping"

showing 10 items of 266 documents

Laser cooling of externally produced Mg ions in a Penning trap for sympathetic cooling of highly charged ions

2012

We have performed laser cooling of Mg ions confined in a Penning trap. The externally produced ions were captured in flight, stored and laser cooled. Laser-induced fluorescence was observed perpendicular to the cooling laser axis. Optical detection down to the single ion level together with electronic detection of the ion oscillations inside the Penning trap have been used to acquire information on the ion storage time, ion number and ion temperature. Evidence for formation of ion crystals has been observed. These investigations are an important prerequisite for sympathetic cooling of simultaneously stored highly-charged ions and precision laser spectroscopy of forbidden transitions in thes…

PhysicsSympathetic coolingPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Penning trapLaserIon trappingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicslawPhysics::Plasma PhysicsLaser coolingIon trapPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSpectroscopy
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Quantum chemical simulations of hole self-trapping in semi-ionic crystals

1994

A novel formalism is presented for reliable calculations of the energetics of hole self-trapping in semi-ionic solids with mixed valence bands. Unlike previous model-Hamiltonian-type approaches, it is based on self-consistent quantum chemical INDO simulations of the atomistic and electronic structure of a self-trapped hole, making no a priori assumptions about a particular form of its localization (if any). This formalism is applied to the problem of hole self-trapping in corundum crystals (a -A1203). The hole self-trapping is found to be energetically favorable in the form of a diatomic 02 molecule with strong covalent bonding quite similar to the self-trapped hole (VK-center) in alkali ha…

PhysicsValence (chemistry)Wave packetIonic bondingElectronic structureTrappingCondensed Matter PhysicsAlkali metalMolecular physicsDiatomic moleculeAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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2014

We investigate the performance of different control techniques for ion transport in state-of-the-art segmented miniaturized ion traps. We employ numerical optimization of classical trajectories and quantum wavepacket propagation as well as analytical solutions derived from invariant based inverse engineering and geometric optimal control. We find that accurate shuttling can be performed with operation times below the trap oscillation period. The maximum speed is limited by the maximum acceleration that can be exerted on the ion. When using controls obtained from classical dynamics for wavepacket propagation, wavepacket squeezing is the only quantum effect that comes into play for a large ra…

PhysicsWave packetGeneral Physics and AstronomyInverseTrappingMechanicsInvariant (physics)Quantum Hall effectOptimal controlQuantumIonNew Journal of Physics
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Self-trapping of speckled light beams

2008

A speckle beam of light breaks up into small fragments as it propagates in a standard self-focusing nonlinear material. Now, by exploiting the non-local thermal response of a material, it is possible to trap a speckle beam in a self-induced waveguide.

Physicsbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsTrapping01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.invention010309 opticsNonlinear systemSpeckle patternComputer Science::GraphicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesThermalPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLight beamOptoelectronics010306 general physicsbusinessWaveguideBeam (structure)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Theoretical analysis of hole self-trapping in ionic solids: Application to the KCl crystal.

1993

A method for the calculation of the hole self-trapping (ST) energy in ionic crystals is proposed. It combines model-Hamiltonian and quantum-chemical approaches. An artificial path for the ST process has been suggested containing (a) a free hole not interacting with the lattice vibrations; (b) a free-hole wave packet localized in a small crystal volume in the form of the real ST state, all crystal ions being in their perfect lattice positions; (c) the final ST state of the hole, accompanied with a corresponding lattice relaxation, including strong displacements of ions belonging to the hole region. Some intermediate states might be adopted between (a) and (b) in order to simplify the calcula…

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationchemistryLattice (order)Wave packetIonic bondingElectronic structureTrappingAtomic physicsPolaronInorganic compoundIonPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Photon localization versus population trapping in a coupled-cavity array

2014

We consider a coupled-cavity array (CCA), where one cavity interacts with a two-level atom under the rotating-wave approximation. We investigate the excitation transport dynamics across the array, which arises in the atom's emission process into the CCA vacuum. Due to the known formation of atom-photon bound states, partial field localization and atomic population trapping in general take place. We study the functional dependance on the coupling strength of these two phenomena and show that the threshold values beyond which they become significant are different. As the coupling strength grows from zero, field localization is exhibited first.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum Physicscavity array quantum transport open quantum systems cavity QEDPhotonQuantum decoherenceField (physics)PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesTrappingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomBound stateAtomic physicseducationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Excitation
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Polarization-sensitive population trapping in an optically pumped laser

1994

Physicseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryPopulationTrappingLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOptical pumpingPolarization sensitivelawOptoelectronicseducationbusinessPhysical Review A
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ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES OF OXIDATION PRODUCTS DERIVATES OF APOMORPHINE IN APROTIC SOLVENTS

2002

Apomorphine acts as contractile muscular agent through an extra cellular calcium mechanism dependent. This activity is accompanied with autoxidación process producing o-quinone derivates. o-Quinone is also obtained by apomorphine oxidation in acid medium; in basic conditions a hydroxi-p-quinone is formed. In order to characterize the apomorphine derivates species generated via metabolism or chemical mechanism, specially free radical forms, electrochemical and Electronic Spin Resonance studies were done to o and p-quinones metabolites in presence or absence of Calcium ions. The electrochemical study of these compounds using cyclic voltametric indicated that the reduction mechanism consists o…

Physicsquinonesvoltametría cíclica Spin TrappingapomorfinaGeneral ChemistryapomorphineCyclic VoltammetryquinonasSpin TrappingHumanitiesESRBoletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Química
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Light trapping by plasmonic nanoparticles

2020

Abstract Metallic nanoparticles sustaining localized surface plasmon resonances are of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film photovoltaics. In this chapter, we explore the correlation between the structural and optical properties of self-assembled silver nanostructures fabricated by a solid-state dewetting process on various substrates relevant for silicon photovoltaics and later integrated into plasmonic back reflectors. Our study allows us to optimize the performance of nanostructures by identifying the fabrication conditions in which desirable circular and uniformly spaced nanoparticles are obtained. Second, we introduce a novel optoelectronic spectroscopic method that…

Plasmonic nanoparticlesMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicachemistryPhotovoltaicsLight trapping Localized surface plasmon resonance Photocurrent enhancement Plasmon-enhanced Self-assembly Silver nanoparticles Thin film silicon solar cellsOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyDewettingThin filmbusinessPlasmonLocalized surface plasmon
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Plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in photovoltaic

Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), sustaining localized surface plasmon resonances, are currently of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film solar cells. To be directly applicable in the photovoltaic industry, the NPs fabrication needs to be simple, reliable, low-cost and scalable. As such, self-assembly processes are most commonly used, and Ag is the preferred material, due to its high radiative efficiency and low imaginary permittivity⁠. After exploring the correlation between structural and optical properties of Ag NPs fabricated by solid- state dewetting process on various substrates, we identified the fabrication conditions in which desirable NPs are obtained, but we also e…

Plasmonic-enhanced light trapping Localized surface plasmon resonance Self-assembly nanoparticles PhotovoltaicsSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica
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