Search results for "trials"
showing 10 items of 966 documents
Lipid-lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel
2017
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the possible use of nutraceuticals to improve and optimize dyslipidemia control and therapy. Based on the data from available studies, nutraceuticals might help patients obtain theraputic lipid goals and reduce cardiovascular residual risk. Some nutraceuticals have essential lipid-lowering properties confirmed in studies; some might also have possible positive effects on nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors and have been shown to improve early markers of vascular health such as endothelial function and pulse wave velocity. However, the clinical evidence supporting the use of a single lipid-lowering nutraceutical or a combination of them is…
Responding to the Nazi Crimes: The British Press and the Nuremberg Trial
2011
Ever since the news of the liberated concentration camps had filled the pages of British newspapers, the majority attitude of the press was that Nazi criminality, including the Final Solution, had to be recorded and remembered. Throughout the summer of 1945, the victorious Allies were wrestling with the question of how the unbelievable scenes, exposed by advancing Allied armies who liberated concentration camps, and the criminality of the Nazi regime that had made them possible, should be investigated.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the photobiomodulation in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity after basic therapy. A randomized clinical trial
2016
Background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in one of the most common causes of patient discomfort in the general population and its prevalence is higher in patients who have received basic or surgical periodontal treatment. Efficiency of the diode laser with different wavelengths has been studied by several authors, showing an improvement rate of the DH between 60-98%. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment on the reduction of DH after non surgical periodontal treatment. Material and methods: A randomized split mouth clinical trial was performed involving 30 patients (120 teeth) diagnosed with DH after scaling and root planning. Two teeth…
Protective ventilation with high versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery (PROTHOR): study protoc…
2018
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) may result in longer duration of in-hospital stay and even mortality. Both thoracic surgery and intraoperative mechanical ventilation settings add considerably to the risk of PPC. It is unclear if one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracic surgery with a strategy of intraoperative high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RM) reduces PPC, compared to low PEEP without RM.PROTHOR is an international, multicenter, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, two-arm trial initiated by investigators of the PROtective VEntilation NETwork. In total, 2378 patients will be randomly assigned to one of two different intraoperative me…
Summary and recommendations of the OARSI FDA osteoarthritis Assessment of Structural Change Working Group
2011
Import JabRef | WosArea Orthopedics; Rheumatology; International audience; Objective: The Osteoarthritis Research Society International initiated a number of working groups to address a call from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on updating draft guidance on conduct of osteoarthritis (OA) clinical trials. The development of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) remains challenging. The Assessment of Structural Change (ASC) Working Group aimed to provide a state-of-the-art critical update on imaging tools for OA clinical trials. Methods: The Group focussed on the performance metrics of conventional radiographs (CR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), performing systemati…
Antibiotic prophylaxis in antenatal nonrefluxing hydronephrosis, megaureter and ureterocele
2012
Observation is a conservative management option in infants with nonrefluxing hydronephrosis, primary nonrefluxing megaureter and ureterocele diagnosed postnatally following antenatal detection of hydronephrosis. Antibiotic prophylaxis might be a sensible regimen under these circumstances to prevent UTI in this population who are potentially at increased risk. However, studies examining the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics are sparse in this setting. For each condition, prophylactic policies seem extremely variable, and UTI rates vary widely with comparable rates reported between patients followed on and off antibiotics. Overall, antibiotic prophylaxis seems unnecessary in patients with …
Systematic review of chewing simulators : reality and reproducibility of in vitro studies
2020
Background The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the types of human chewing simulator described in scientific literature. Material and Methods An electronic search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy included 10 search terms: “in vitro”; “dental materials”; “shear strength”; “fatigue fracture”; “bite force”; “prosthetic materials”; “chewing simulator”; “chewing machine”; “simulated mastication”; and “dental wear simulator.” Two researchers worked independently to assess the titles and abstracts of the articles. The quality of the in vitro trials selected was evaluated by means of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials scale. Resul…
The Long and Winding Road to Useful Predictive Factors for Anti-EGFR Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma: The KRAS/BRAF Pathway
2010
Monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Among patients not carrying activating mutations in the KRAS gene, only a limited number will experience tumor response to these therapeutic agents. The role of BRAF mutations in determining resistance to this treatment is emerging through preclinical and clinical studies. Standardization and validation of laboratory mutation analysis is needed to allow an optimal use of anti-EGFR therapies in the management of colorectal carcinoma. Clinical single-arm and randomized studies were conducted both in first-line and refractory settings to evaluate…
Harmonization of Immune Biomarker Assays for Clinical Studies
2011
Assays that measure a patient's immune response play an increasingly important role in the development of immunotherapies. The inherent complexity of these assays and independent protocol development between laboratories result in high data variability and poor reproducibility. Quality control through harmonization--based on integration of laboratory-specific protocols with standard operating procedures and assay performance benchmarks--is one way to overcome these limitations. Harmonization guidelines can be widely implemented to address assay performance variables. This process enables objective interpretation and comparison of data across clinical trial sites and also facilitates the ide…
[Clinical equipoise and systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials].
2015
.Para poder valorar la validez de un ensayo cli´nico es necesarioque su disen˜o, ejecucio´n y ana´lisis se describan con suficientedetalle, exactitudytransparencia.Sinembargo,existennumerososejemplos en la literatura cienti´fica que ponen de manifiesto co´mola informacio´n facilitada en las publicaciones es muchas vecesdeficiente, y que con frecuencia se presentan problemas metodo-lo´gicos graves