Search results for "trust"
showing 10 items of 446 documents
An Institutionalist's Journey into the Years of High Theory: John Maurice Clark on the Accelerator-Multiplier Interaction
2007
A few years ago, an article by Arnold Heertje and Peter Heemeijer (2002) triggered an articulate and stimulating debate among scholars on the intellectual origins of Paul Samuelson's multiplier-accelerator model (1939a, 1939b). The discussion, which involved the participation of Samuelson himself, centered on whether, and to what extent, Samuelson's 1939 seminal contributions were inspired by Roy Harrod'sThe Trade Cycle(1936). Heertje and Heemeijer argue that “there is little factual support for Samuelson's suggestion ascribing the model mainly to Alvin Hansen, his mentor in the days of the creation of the model” (Heertje and Heemeijer 2002, p. 207). Instead, they provide convincing evidenc…
Effects of Equivalence Framing on the Perceived Truth of Political Messages and the Trustworthiness of Politicians
2017
Recent studies in psychology have shown that the framing of a message affects judgments about its truth, as negatively framed statements are perceived as more trustworthy than formally equivalent, positively framed statements. The current work examines this effect in the contexts of political communication and public opinion. The results of three experiments show that equivalence framing affects both the perceived truth of political messages and the trustworthiness of its source, and that one cause of this effect is that recipients have learned to associate negativity with news and positivity with persuasive communication through media exposure. Consequently, we find that positively framing…
Superintendent Leadership in Hierarchy and Network
2015
School superintendents are coupled hierarchically with the top apex of municipality organization through their membership of leadership teams and through personal ties to the top municipal manager, which provides opportunities to take part in strategic decision-making processes beyond the educational sector. Superintendents are also vertically linked to their school leaders through strong and dense network ties. Along the horizontal axis superintendents are active network players with peers, for example through superintendent associations or more frequently mentioned through personal ties to superintendent colleagues. Superintendents are linked to school boards through strong formal ties. I…
Long-term working memory and interrupting messages in human – computer interaction
2004
The extent to which memory for information content is reliable, trustworthy, and accurate is crucial in the information age. Being forced to divert attention to interrupting messages is common, however, and can cause memory loss. The memory effects of interrupting messages were investigated in three experiments. In Experiment 1, attending to an interrupting message decreased memory accuracy. Experiment 2, where four interrupting messages were used, replicated this result. In Experiment 3, an interrupting message was shown to be most disturbing when it was semantically very close to the main message. Drawing from a theory of long-term working memory it is argued that interrupting messages ca…
Searching the Web for conflicting topics: Page and user factors
2013
Web users tend to search only the pages displayed at the top of the search engine results page (the 'top link' heuristic). Although it might be reasonable to use this heuristic to navigate simple and unambiguous facts, it might be risky when searching for conflicting socio-scientific topics, such as potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the present study, we explored the extent to which students consider other Web page characteristics, such as topic relevance and trustworthiness, when searching and bookmarking pages concerning a conflicting topic. We also examined the extent to which prior background knowledge moderates students' behavior. The results revealed that while…
The cjeu judgment in the huawei/zte case: getting around the problem of frand commitments and competition law
2017
Con la pronuncia pregiudiziale sul caso Huawei, la Corte di giustizia è intervenuta per la prima volta sul conflitto tra titolari di brevetti essenziali per l’implementazione di uno standard e richiedenti licenze su tali brevetti, in un contesto caratterizzato dall’esistenza di impegni FRAND. Sebbene la questione attenga all’applicazione dell’art. 102 del TFUE, la Corte ha eluso la fondamentale questione della sussistenza dei presupposti per tale applicazione. Inoltre, nessun contributo la pronuncia reca alla individuazione di criteri per la determinazione degli impegni FRAND. La Corte ha invece aderito all’approccio metodologico affermatosi nella giurisprudenza tedesca, pur non condividend…
Efeitos das práticas verdes na lealdade: proposta de um modelo para o segmento hoteleiro colombiano
2021
Resumen El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de las prácticas verdes como impulsoras para generar confianza, satisfacción y lealtad en los huéspedes. Para ello, a partir de una muestra de 302 huéspedes de hoteles en Bogotá, Colombia, se estimó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales a través de la regresión de mínimos cuadrados parciales. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que las prácticas sostenibles contribuyen al aumento de la confianza y la satisfacción de los huéspedes, y que estas, a su vez, influyen positivamente en su lealtad hacia el hotel. Además, dichos resultados ponen de manifiesto que una comprensión más profunda del perfil de los turistas medioambientalment…
Diseguaglianze, fiducia e capitale sociale nel Mezzogiorno
2014
How can it be explained that certain societies have a higher or lower endowment of social capital in than others? Some data will be provided here which suggest that the endowment of social capital can be traced to a certain configuration of social relationships. It is possible to identify in social relationships the reasons that motivate the social actors to not be involved in producing social capital. The aim is to explore the relationship between social capital and inequality, verifying whether the available data corroborate the argument that the shortage of social capital in the south of Italy can be attributed to a greater incidence of inequality and identifying which social mechanisms …
The Underpricing of Spanish REITs When Going Public
2019
This study analyses underpricing in a sample of 41 Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) from the Spanish market between November 2013 and January 2019. The results show a significant underpricing on the initial-day (either when we compute raw or market-adjusted initial returns) concentrated in the primary market. Besides, price adjustment continues until the third day as we find significant raw and market-adjusted buy-and-hold returns. This underpricing is not accounted for by the theories of information asymmetry but instead by some signalling theories related to capital structure, by the pre-listing stock market conditions and by the peculiarities of the market analysed.
Technical Briefing: Hands-On Session on the Development of Trustworthy AI Software
2021
Following various real-world incidents involving both purely digital and cyber-physical Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, AI Ethics has become a prominent topic of discussion in both research and practice, accompanied by various calls for trustworthy AI systems. Failures are often costly, and many of them stem from issues that could have been avoided during development. For example, AI ethics issues, such as data privacy are currently highly topical. However, implementing AI ethics in practice remains a challenge for organizations. Various guidelines have been published to aid companies in doing so, but these have not seen widespread adoption and may feel impractical. In this technical …