Search results for "tumor necrosis factor-alpha"
showing 10 items of 504 documents
Induction of dendritic cell maturation and modulation of dendritic cell-induced immune responses by prostaglandins
2000
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. In this study we investigated the effects of various prostaglandins (PG) on the stimulatory capacity of DC. DC were generated from peripheral progenitor cells in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF and stimulated with IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha on day 7. Simultaneously, PG (PGD(2), PGE(1), PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha), PGI(2)) were added at various concentrations (10(-5) to 10(-9) M) on day 7. In all experiments, PGE(2) had the most potent influence on the maturation of the DC, followed by other PG in the order PGE(1) > PGD(2) > PGF(2 alpha) > PGI(2). In addition, the expression of the surface molecules CD40, CD54, CD…
Modulation of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-4 production in mice of different ages by thymopentin
1992
The effect of an immunomodulator drug thymopentin (TP5) on the production of various cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, TNF-alpha) in mice of different ages has been studied. TP5 enhanced IL-2, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production but reduced the IL-4 secretion by splenocytes from aged mice (greater than 120 week old) in vitro. However, it had no effect on the IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha or IL-4 production by splenocytes from young and adult mice. TP5 injected subcutaneously was able to induce high levels of IL-2 production by splenocytes from all groups of mice. The TP5 effect on TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma was similar, even though it was significant only in old mice. Furthermore, TP5 was able to …
Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Mediates the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Petrosaspongiolide M
2003
Petrosaspongiolide M (PT) is a potent secretory phospholipase A(2) inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent. This marine metabolite reduced the production of nitrite, prostaglandin E(2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the mouse air pouch injected with zymosan. These effects were also observed in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with zymosan. Inhibition of these inflammatory mediators was related to reductions in inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. Since nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) appears to play a central role in the transcriptional regulation of these proteins by macrophages, we investigated the effects of PT on thi…
Influence of extracellular matrix proteins on the development of cultured human dendritic cells.
1998
The development of dendritic cells (DC) is still only partly understood. Recently established culture systems using CD34+ cells or monocytes as precursor cells for the generation of DC indicate the necessity of pro-inflammatory cytokines for their development. In vivo the contact to other cells or to the proteins of the extracellular matrix might also be essential for their development. In our experiments we used granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor- and IL-4-treated human monocytes as precursor cells to investigate the interaction of DC at different maturation stages with the matrix proteins fibronectin, collagen type I and collagen type IV. We demonstrate a strong beta1-integr…
Major histocompatibility complex regulation of cytokine production.
1996
This review describes the phenomenon of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) control of cytokine production both in experimental animals and in humans. H-2 (mouse MHC) regulates which type of cytokine is selectively produced in response to the hapten trinitrophenyl (TNP). T cells from TNP-immune H-2k mice produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, IL-5, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-10, and very low levels of IL-4 on reexposure to the specific antigen in vitro. By contrast, T cells from H-2d mice produce IL-3, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-4 but very low levels of IL-2, IL-5 and IFN-gamma. As MHC-congenic matched strains (BALB/k and BALB/c) are used, th…
Regulation of cytochrome P450 IID by acute phase mediators in C3H/HeJ mice.
1992
Abstract Cytochrome P450 IID6 is a drug metabolizing enzyme and the major target antigen in LKM-1 antibody positive chronic active hepatitis. The histological hallmark of chronic active hepatitis is a lymphocytic infiltrate in the liver. It is unknown whether and how cytokines produced and secreted by these tissue infiltrating mononuclear cells regulate the cellular expression of cytochrome P450 IID6. To study the effect of interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 6 on the hepatocellular RNA expression of cytochrome P450 IID, we injected each of the cytokines in C3H HeJ mice. We found a time-dependent suppression of the cytochrome in the liver. Six hours after the intraperitonea…
Ex vivoevidence for PGE2and LTB4involvement in cutaneous leishmaniasis: relation with infection status and cytokine production
1996
SUMMARYEx vivoculture of spleen cells from BALB/c mice infected with 2 × 106Leishmania major(L.major) promastigotes were cultured with ConcanavalinA (ConA) or leishmanial antigen (L. Ag) and tested for prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and for leukotriene B4(LTB4), in order to study their involvement in the evolution of cutaneous leishmaniasis and the connexion with lymphokine-mediated responses. The data were compared with those obtained in BALB/c mice protected againstL. majorby sublethal irradiation (550 rad; cured mice). In the unprotected BALB/c mice the levels of PGE2that were responsible for the depression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) Th1-associated cytokines and …
The Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE) and the Italian Group for the study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD) Clinical Practice Guideline…
2010
Biological therapies are an important step in the management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. In consideration of high cost and safety issues there is the need to have clear recommendations for their use. Despite the American Gastroenterological Association and the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation have published exhaustive Inflammatory Bowel Disease guidelines, national guidelines may be necessary as cultural values, economical and legal issues may differ between countries. For these reasons the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Group for the study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease have decided to elaborate the Italian guidelines on the use of biologics in Inflammatory…
Anti-senescence and Anti-inflammatory Effects of the C-terminal Moiety of PTHrP Peptides in OA Osteoblasts.
2016
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degenerative changes in the whole joint leading to physical disability in the elderly population. This condition is associated with altered bone metabolism in subchondral areas suggesting that therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying bone cell metabolism may be of interest. We have investigated the effects of several parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-derived peptides (1-37): (N-terminal), (107-111) and (107-139) (C-terminal) on senescence features induced by inflammatory stress in human OA osteoblasts. Incubation of these primary cells with interleukin(IL)-1β led to an increased expression of senescence markers senescence-associated-β-galac…
Comparison of the acute effects of anti-TNF-alpha drugs on a uveitis experimental model.
2010
To compare histopathological and biochemical effects of the anti-TNF-alpha drugs adalimumab and infliximab in a uveitis experimental model.Histopathological evaluation was performed 24 h after endotoxin (200 microg into the footpad) and drug administration, as well as biochemical analysis of oxidative stress-related markers in the aqueous humor.Severe inflammation was found in rat anterior chamber of the eye 24 h after endotoxin. Only infliximab administration partially prevented the endotoxin-induced disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier, as well as the increase in Rantes and MCP-1 concentration in aqueous humor. Both drugs ameliorated the histopathological score after endotoxin. Biochem…