Search results for "type"
showing 10 items of 10618 documents
Semantics of Voids within Data: Ignorance-Aware Machine Learning
2021
Operating with ignorance is an important concern of geographical information science when the objective is to discover knowledge from the imperfect spatial data. Data mining (driven by knowledge discovery tools) is about processing available (observed, known, and understood) samples of data aiming to build a model (e.g., a classifier) to handle data samples that are not yet observed, known, or understood. These tools traditionally take semantically labeled samples of the available data (known facts) as an input for learning. We want to challenge the indispensability of this approach, and we suggest considering the things the other way around. What if the task would be as follows: how to buil…
Sources of nitrous oxide and the fate of mineral nitrogen in subarctic permafrost peat soils
2022
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from permafrost-affected terrestrial ecosystems have received little attention, largely because they have been thought to be negligible. Recent studies, however, have shown that there are habitats in the subarctic tundra emitting N2O at high rates, such as bare peat (BP) surfaces on permafrost peatlands. Nevertheless, the processes behind N2O production in these high-emission habitats are poorly understood. In this study, we established an in situ 15N-labeling experiment with two main objectives: (1) to partition the microbial sources of N2O emitted from BP surfaces on permafrost peatlands and (2) to study the fate of ammonium and nitrate in these soils and in …
Sneaking into a Hotspot of Biodiversity: Coverage and Integrity of a Rhodolith Bed in the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea)
2022
Habitat mapping, physical characteristics and benthic community of a rhodolith bed in the Pelagie Islands (Strait of Sicily, Mediterranean Sea) were studied through Multi–Beam Echo–Sounder (MBES), Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) and grab samples. The geomorphological analysis revealed an articulated and wide rhodolith bed; video inspections highlighted a bed with high coverage, few sandy patches and with a prevalence of the boxwork morphotype. A total of 207 taxa with 876 specimens were identified, and Polychaeta was the dominant taxon. Linguimaera caesaris, a Lessepsian benthic amphipod, was recorded in all sampling sites, and its presence represents an input to deepen the benthic assembla…
Magnetization Dynamics in Proximity-Coupled Superconductor-Ferromagnet-Superconductor Multilayers
2020
In this work, magnetization dynamics is studied in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor three-layered films in a wide frequency, field, and temperature ranges using the broad-band ferromagnetic resonance measurement technique. It is shown that in presence of both superconducting layers and of superconducting proximity at both superconductor/ferromagnet interfaces a massive shift of the ferromagnetic resonance to higher frequencies emerges. The phenomenon is robust and essentially long-range: it has been observed for a set of samples with the thickness of ferromagnetic layer in the range from tens up to hundreds of nanometers. The resonance frequency shift is characterized by proximity-…
Artificial cartilage bio-matrix formed of hyaluronic acid and Mg2+-polyphosphate.
2016
Here we show that inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a polyanionic metabolic regulator consisting of multiple phosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds, is present in the synovial fluid. In a biomimetic approach, to enhance cartilage synthesis and regeneration, we prepared amorphous polyP microparticles with Mg2+ as counterions. The particles were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analyses. Similar particles were obtained after addition of Mg2+ ions to a solution containing hyaluronic acid, as a major component of the synovial fluid, and soluble Na-polyP. The viscous paste-like ma…
Developing and testing a discrete event simulation model to evaluate budget impacts of diabetes prevention programs
2020
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases worldwide. Lifestyle interventions are effective in preventing T2D but also resource intensive. This study evaluated with discrete event simulation (DES) the relative budget impacts of three hypothetical diabetes prevention programs (DPP), including group-based contact intervention, digital program with human coaching and fully automated program. The data for simulation were derived from research literature and national health and population statistics. The model was constructed using the iGrafx Process for Six Sigma software and simulations were carried out for 10 years. All simulated interventions produc…
Radiological Outcomes of Bone-Level and Tissue-Level Dental Implants: Systematic Review
2020
Purpose: to assess any differences on marginal bone loss between bone-level or tissue-level dental implants through a review of literature until September 2019. Materials and methods: MEDLINE, Embase and other database were searched by two independent authors. The search was limited to articles in English. Results: The search provided 1028 records and, after removing the duplicates through titles and abstracts screening, 45 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. For qualitative analysis 20 articles were included, 17 articles of them for quantitative analysis. A total of 1161 patients (mean age 54,4 years) and 2933 implants were observed, 1427 (Tissue-level) and 1506 (Bone-level).…
Adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes : psychological flexibility is associated with the glycemic control, quality of life and depressiv…
2021
This study investigates the role of psychological flexibility in relation to glycaemic control (HbA1c) and quality of life among adolescents with poorly-controlled diabetes. Adolescents (n = 65, aged 12–16 years) completed the Children and Adolescents Mindfulness Measure (CAMM), the Diabetes Acceptance and Action Scale for Children and Adolescents (DAAS), the Depression Scale (RBDI), and the Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (KINDL-R). HbA1c values were collected from medical records. A higher level of psychological flexibility was associated with better glycaemic control, better quality of life, and lower levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Mediation analysis showed that diabetes…
Attitudes towards people with mental disorders in a general population in Finland :
2011
Stigma is common toward persons with mental health problems and can be defined as a label that sets a person apart from others, links her or him with undesirable characteristics and leads to avoidance by others in society. To aid in the planning of effective and well-targeted initiatives to reduce stigma I examined in my dissertation the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes of a general population and the factors associated with stigmatizing of people with mental disorders in western Finland. Further, because only a minority of persons with depression are actually treated for their disorder it was also highly interesting to identify the role stigma might have on the use of mental health ser…