Search results for "uhat"

Research priorities for freshwater mussel conservation assessment

2018

Freshwater mussels are declining globally, and effective conservation requires prioritizing research and actions to identify and mitigate threats impacting mussel species. Conservation priorities vary widely, ranging from preventing imminent extinction to maintaining abundant populations. Here, we develop a portfolio of priority research topics for freshwater mussel conservation assessment. To address these topics, we group research priorities into two categories: intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are indicators of organismal or population status, while extrinsic factors encompass environmental variables and threats. An understanding of intrinsic factors is useful in monitor…

Understanding the inward emotion-focused coping strategies of individual users in response to mobile malware threats

2021

According to coping theory, individuals cope with information system threats by adopting either problem-focused coping (PFC) or emotion-focused coping (EFC). However, little is known about EFC in the information security (ISec) literature. Moreover, there is potential confusion regarding the meaning of some EFC strategies. Hence, ISec scholars and practitioners may (i) have a narrow view of EFC or (ii) confuse it with other concepts. In this study, we offer one response to this issue. We first address the ambiguity regarding EFC before differentiating five inward EFC strategies and assessing them empirically in the mobile malware context. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the firs…

Perceived threat and prejudice towards immigrants in Finland : A study among early, middle, and late Finnish adolescents

2017

ABSTRACTUsing integrated threat theory, this study examined how perceived threat, or fear of immigrants, manifests among early, middle, and late Finnish adolescents, and the relationship between perceived threat and prejudice among early, middle, and late adolescents. The sample consisted of 795 Finnish adolescents between 11 and 19 years of age. Realistic and symbolic threats were the most perceived threats and were more prevalent among late adolescents. There was a positive relationship between prejudice and realistic threat, and between prejudice and symbolic threat, but a negative relationship between prejudice and negative stereotyping, and this relationship remained relatively stable …

Protection Motivation Theory in Information Systems Security Research

2021

Protection motivation theory (PMT) is one of the most commonly used theories to examine information security behaviors. Our systematic review of the application of PMT in information systems (IS) security and the comparison with its application for decades in psychology identified five categories of important issues that have not yet been examined in IS security research. Discussing these issues in terms of why they are relevant and important for IS security, and to what extent IS research has not considered them, offers new research opportunities associated with the study of PMT and IS security threats. We suggest how future studies can approach each of the open issues to provide a new roa…

Citizens’ Cybersecurity Behavior: Some Major Challenges

2022

Citizens’ cybersecurity behaviors are an important concern in the modern age. This work discusses the challenges of studying citizen cybersecurity behaviors and the directions for future research. peerReviewed

I will send badass viruses. Peer threats and the interplay of pretend frames in a classroom dispute

2014

This paper explores threats as they appear in children's everyday dispute interactions. The main purpose is to extend understandings of children's interactions and disputes in order to show how young boys construct threats in pretend frames within a classroom peer dispute by drawing upon the resources of the video game world and a verbally constructed fight. The conceptual and methodological frameworks underpinning the analysis are conversation analysis and Goffman's concept of frame. The analysis focuses on one episode that illustrates how the boys, in the absence of the teacher, invoke, share and switch frames within the dispute. Using pretence, they posit threats and build attack strateg…

Industry 4.0 Intelligence under Attack : From Cognitive Hack to Data Poisoning

2018

Artificial intelligence is an unavoidable asset of Industry 4.0. Artificial actors participate in real-time decision-making and problem solving in various industrial processes, including planning, production, and management. Their efficiency, as well as intelligent and autonomous behavior is highly dependent on the ability to learn from examples, which creates new vulnerabilities exploited by security threats. Today's disruptive attacks of hackers go beyond system's infrastructures targeting not only hard-coded software or hardware, but foremost data and trained decision models, in order to approach system's intelligence and compromise its work. This paper intends to reveal security threats…

Asiakkaan osallistuminen tietoturvan kehittämiseen hankittaessa vahvaa suojausta vaativia ohjelmistojärjestelmiä

2017

Digitalisaatio lisää kyberuhkien mahdollisuutta puolustusvoimien ohjelmistojärjestelmissä. Tietoturvaa täytyy jatkuvasti kehittää, jotta järjestelmien monipuolinen käyttö pysyisi turvallisena. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin kymmentä asiantuntijaa. Tutkimuksen tarkoitus oli selvittää tietoturvaan vaikuttavat tekijät ja menetelmät järjestelmähankinnassa. Tutkittiin, mitä asiakkaan tulisi ottaa huomioon ohjelmistokehitysprosessissa, jotta se tukisi tietoturvan kehitystä. Lisäksi vaatimusmäärittelyä pohdittiin tietoturvan kannalta. Tärkeäksi aiheeksi nousi myös yhteistyö suunnittelijoiden, asiakkaan ja tietoturva-asiantuntijoiden välillä. Tutkimuksen mukaan asiakkaan tulisi osallistua tiiviisti oh…

Dispergointiaineet märkäjauhatuksessa

2012

Acid-catalyzed mechanocatalytic pretreatment to improve sugar release from birch sawdust : Structural and chemical aspects

2022

This study examined acid-catalyzed mechanocatalytic pretreatment of birch sawdust without a separate impregnation step. Catalyst amount and pretreatment time were the key variables. Pretreated material was mixed with water for hydrolysis (100 °C, 60 min). The efficient release of total reducing sugars from birch sawdust is significant to the path towards biofuels and biochemicals. Based on the results, the structure and surface of birch sawdust changed as a function of mechanocatalytic pretreatment. Milling time caused significant transformations in birch structure and also increased the yields of reducing sugars. The highest yield of total reducing sugar from pretreated sawdust was 23.0% a…