Search results for "unity"
showing 10 items of 3852 documents
Measuring freedom of choice: An alternative view of a recent literature
2004
A recent literature has emerged in social choice theory which attributes intrinsic importance to freedom in the evaluation of states of affairs. The literature’s philosophical basis lies in Berlin’s notion of positive liberty. Accordingly, axiomatic measures of availability of choices are developed and the information they convey used for ranking states on the basis of the extent of liberty they offer to individuals. This paper argues that the literature’s contributions have taken Berlin’s analytical framework for granted exceedingly narrowing the philosophical terms of the debate. It is shown that, once freedom is analyzed from the perspective of an alternative structure, the triadic synta…
Community currency (CCs) in Spain: An empirical study of their social effects
2016
Despite its sudden proliferation along the economic crisis period, no previous study has investigated the social effects of the community currency (CCs) experiences in Spain. Previous research on CCs experiences from different countries provided evidences about social capital improvement, introducing CCs as sustainability tools. This research uses the theoretical frameworks of social capital and complex adaptive systems to approach concepts like sustainability, networks, trust, norms, participation and cooperation. Statistical analysis of the data collected in June 2013 through online survey explores social capital and resilience indicators among the Spanish exchange community users, conclu…
Empirical definition of social types in the analysis of inequality of opportunity: a latent classes approach
2014
The empirical analysis of inequality of opportunity centres on disparities between social types, defined by the exposure to circumstances beyond individual control. Despite this, its main theoretical foundation—the Roemer model—does not indicate how to carry out, in practice, the required partition of the population into such types. This paper operationalises this definition of social types using a latent classes approach. Our specification is embedded in a probabilistic extension of the canonical Roemer model, which assumes that the relevant population consists of a finite number of latent types, from which each individual can be treated as a random draw. This makes possible the use of the…
Towards sustainable coexistence: People and wild mammals in Baluran National Park, Indonesia
2018
Abstract The paper offers a critical discussion of resource use in a national park, Baluran, in Indonesia. In general, an increasing accept of the need for livelihood security, also for people living in or near natural conservation areas, are challenging traditional systems of national park governance. Finding ways to balance the needs of local populations against the necessity to secure biodiversity and environmental sustainability becomes important, and the main question in our research is how to accommodate an existing society in Baluran without a further negative impact on endangered mammals. Based on common pool resource management and co-management theories and thorough empirical inve…
Aridity level, rainfall pattern and soil features as key factors in germination strategies in salt-affected plant communities
2015
Abstract In arid environments, particularly in halophytic habitats, germination ecophysiology is strongly affected by environmental factors, primarily water availability, which is influenced by quantity and seasonal distribution of precipitation and soil properties. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate that water availability is essential for the control of germination and the response of seedlings growing in saline areas. With this approach, we compared the germination strategies in two Halocnemum populations with contrasting rainfall regimes and soil aridity. The germination behavior and radicle growth under various temperature regimes, light conditions and salinity levels were evalua…
La scuola come comunità educante nella pedagogia italiana del secondo Novecento
2021
The aim of this paper is to present a historical reconstruction of the Italian debate in the second half of the twentieth century about the community as the destiny of education and school institution. After the reflections of the immediate post-war period, when the notion of community is combined with the idea of a substantial democracy, there is the idea of a school as educating community suggested by the Faure Report in the seventies. The educational debate on the school as an educating community is very rich of different voices that interpret, during the second half of the twentieth century, a need that is not always satisfied, but that is the sign of a constant attention to the communi…
Transforming expertise from individual to regional community expertise: a four‐year study of an education intervention
2010
In this paper we present the empirical results of a study showing that individualised expertise can be transformed into regional community expertise by means of an education intervention programme. In view of the ongoing reform of the municipal and service structures in Finland, during which small municipalities are combined into areas with populations in excess of 20,000, the need for community expertise is obvious. The reorganisation of service arrangements aims at efficiency, lower costs, quality service and increased regional competitiveness. Due to the reform, local actors are expected to provide new, collaboration‐oriented strategies, while healthcare professionals in the municipaliti…
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR TEACHERS SELF- ASSESSMENT TO TEACH 21ST CENTURY SKILLS
2021
The context of educational reforms taking place in many countries gives special relevance, as the curriculum enters the 21st century skills or so-called transversal skills. It is necessary to ascertain how successful the teaching of these skills is already so that the school management together with teachers develop evidence-based or data-driven professional development solutions. The aim of the research is to create a theoretical framework and corresponding self-assessment tools, how the teacher can assess for himself to what extent he has succeeded in achieving the competence to teach students in the 21st century skills required to achieve the goals set by the school in the context of the…
Seeking New Perspectives on the Development of Teacher Education – A Study of the Finnish Context
2013
Studies show that changes in teacher education around the world occur slowly and are difficult to implement. This study aims to contribute to the discussion on the major resources for and obstacles to developing teacher education and finding novel solutions to overcome the obstacles. Resources and obstacles were investigated in the context of academic and university-based teacher education in Finland. Findings revealed three major challenges: (a) obstacles in renegotiating professional identity, (b) internal competition between subject-matter groups within the department, and (c) discrepancies between individual agency and organizational development. Based on the findings, this study argues…
ConVivim: aplicación de un programa para aprender a convivir democráticamente
2018
En las últimas décadas, la convivencia se ha convertido en uno de los desafíos más importantes de las sociedades del siglo XXI, y su versión educativa en un taller práctico de construcción de una ciudadanía comprometida con los valores cívicos de la democracia. En este contexto toman valor las estrategias enmarcadas en el modelo de “ayuda entre iguales”, como el programa ConVivim, cuyo diseño e implementación se presenta en este trabajo con el objetivo de demostrar su impacto en la mejora de la convivencia democrática. El escenario de investigación es una escuela ubicada en un barrio en situación de vulnerabilidad social, donde se aplica un diseño cuasi-experimental, pretest-postest, a 83 m…