Search results for "urbain"

showing 10 items of 330 documents

Socio-spatial dynamics and ways of living of urban spaces : comparison of Besançon, Mulhouse and Strasbourg

2013

The spatial distribution of urban functions and populations is not random, this distribution canhighlight inequalities which call into question our democratic societies based on the principle ofequality. This principle is based on the relationship between the “social” and the “spatial” whichmainly consist in investigating social disparities in urban areas and what is perceived as an injustice byindividuals. To understand these socio-spatial dynamics, we focus our research on the urban history ofBesançon, Mulhouse and Strasbourg as well as the relations between the inhabitants and theirresidential environment. Using large geo-localized databases from INSEE, we study the spatialdistribution o…

Urban spaceSocio-spatial dynamics[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyAnalyses factoriellesDynamiques socio-spatialesHistoires urbainesEnquêtes de terrain[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyResidential behaviourComportements résidentielsUrban historyFactorial analysesEspace urbainIRIS 2000InequalitiesField surveysInégalités
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Sensitivity of a climate model to urban form : application on Dijon Métropole

2020

The urban environment is at the crossroads of two complex systems with different temporalities : climate and society. The urban climate is a modification of the climate caused by the presence of a city. The most successful expression of this climate change by the presence of the city is the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI). In a global context of adaptation and mitigation to climate change and urban development, this phenomenon of ICU tends to increase, and its health impacts on populations to become more prominent. This work is aimed at improving the knowledge of the impact of urban form and urban development on the intensity of the UCI through the implementation of a decision support…

Urbans formsIlot de chaleur[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyUrban heat islandCroissance urbaineUrban growth[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyFormes urbaines
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Conceptualisation et évaluation d'une typologie de lotissement vertical pour un aménagement urbain durable

2020

The current urban development process is the result of a paradoxical situation. On the one end, families prefer individual housing, which finds the favourable conditions to its spreading in the more or less distant from towns outskirts, while wishing to benefit from services (proximity to amenities, public transport offers, etc…) which are rather the corelate of dense urban centralization. On the other hand, in order to fight against environmental, social and economic costs of urban sprawl, and also aim towards a more sustainable city, the urban renovation and compact city projects lead to some density levels that only collective housing enables to reach. So, the equation - control of the u…

Ville durableTypologie d'habitat[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyUrban renewalLotissement vertical[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyForme urbaineUrban formVertical housing projectSustainable cityHousing typologyRenouvellement urbainCompact cityVille compacte
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La ville, la raison et le rêve : entre théorie et utopie

1996

City, reason and dream : between theory and utopia. — This paper aims at comparing two kinds of discourses about the city, that of the microeconomics of cities, which is admitted in the realm of science, and that of Utopian cities, which is not. We analyse the processes of thinking which lead respectively to theory and utopia, then we compare the ideas of man and society upon which they are grounded. Finaly, we try to enhance the similarities and disimilarities between the two series of urban space representations to which these approaches lead. This comparison may contribute to a better understanding of the real nature of the theoretical discourse and lead both to a relativization and a va…

VilleGeography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologiesutopia ; theory ; practice of science ; town[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances021107 urban & regional planningNouvelle Economie Urbaine02 engineering and technology[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financeutopie ; pratique de la science ; théorie ; villeVille Nouvelle Economie UrbaineEarth-Surface ProcessesL’Espace géographique
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La fabrique de l’éclairage public. De la lumière planifiée aux territorialités nocturnes.

2018

International audience; L’éclairage urbain, s’il a amélioré la qualité de vie dans nos sociétés, n’est pas exempt de coûts écologiques et sanitaires que, depuis une trentaine d’années, plusieurs champs scientifiques relayés par des mouvements associatifs et politiques ont mis en évidence. À telle enseigne qu’en France, suite au Grenelle de l’Environnement, l’éclairage urbain est désormais appréhendé en termes de nuisance, voire de pollution. Ce changement de qualification signe le passage d’une approche fonctionnaliste de l’éclairage public définie par les professionnels élus et non élus de la fabrique de la ville à une approche sociotechnique de l'éclairage qui donne sa place aux usagers d…

Ville[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyEclairage urbain[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyNuisancePollution[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Le paysage, entre esthétique & écologie : modélisation rétrospective à partir de changements d'occupation du sol

2016

Landscape is both a backdrop to the lives of human populations and a medium for the life cycle of animal species. Landscape changes induced by land-use and land-cover dynamics affect both these dimensions, the one aesthetic, and the other ecological. Because these rationales areusually studied within different disciplines, little research has been done into how the two clashor combine as and when landscape structures change. This work seeks therefore to model the spatial co-evolution of the aesthetic and ecological functions of landscape retrospectively usingspatial metrics based on land-cover data. It focuses on changes in the urban fringes of two French cities (Paris and Besançon) over th…

Visible landscape[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyUrban fringesLand-cover changesGraphes paysagersLandscape graphs[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographySaptail modellingFranges urbainesPaysage visible[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyModélisation spatialeEsthétique écologiqueMétriques paysagèresChangements d'occupation des solsEcological aestheticsEcological networksLandscape metricsLandscape preferencesRéseaux écologiquesPréférences paysagères
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Varsovie, une nouvelle métropole

2003

Depuis la chute du mur de Berlin, de profondes modifications économiques, politiques et sociales ont vu le jour dans les Pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale. Parmi ces transformations, la naissance de nouveaux acteurs économiques, leur adaptation aux conditions de l’économie de marché et notamment leur entrée dans les réseaux globaux modifient, jour après jour, les anciens équilibres entre les métropoles européennes. Certainesgrandes villes comme Budapest ou Varsovie suivent un processus original d’adaptation aux nouvelles conditions économiques, politiques et techniques qui résulte à la fois du poids de leur histoire et de leur capacité de transformation. Dans ses grandes lignes, l’évoluti…

WarsawMetropoleHigh-order services[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyTransition[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyéconomie urbaineVarsovie[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceMetropolis[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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City gates of Augustodunum and their architectural models (Gaul, Italy, Western Provinces of the Roman Empire)

2012

Augustodunum, civitas Aeduorum, roman city founded under the reign of Augustus, was equipped with four roman city gates : the gate of Arroux and the gate of Saint André, both well preserved, the gate of Saint Andoche which sole remaining part is a flanking tower, and the gate of Rome, destroyed long ago.The heart of this study lies in the stratigraphic reading of those gates structure and in thoughts about the building site of Autun’s city gates operating process. Moreover, since the 16th century, antiquaries, travelers and artists have described in many ways their visits to the roman city gates of Autun. These accounts constitute a major documentary collection of written and iconographical…

Western Roman ProvincesHistoire longue[INFO.INFO-AR] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR]Provinces occidentales[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and PrehistoryArchaeology of architectureArchéologie de la constructionAutunLong term historyDocumentation ancienneStratigraphic reading of elevationsPorte urbaineDocumentary sourcesGaule romaineRoman city gateItalie romaineRoman GaulRoman fortificationFortification romaineStratigraphie des élévationsRoman Italy
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Effets du lieu de résidence en ZUS sur les parcours et le sentiment de discrimination des jeunes issus de l'immigration

2015

Les trajectoires professionnelles des jeunes sont influencées par de multiples contraintes qui tiennent à leurs caractéristiques, à leur cursus scolaire antérieur et aussi à l’espace social et économique dans lequel ils évoluent. Les jeunes issus de l’immigration sont davantage pénalisés pour trouver un emploi, de manière accentuée s’ils sont originaires du Maghreb et d’Afrique subsaharienne et résident dans des quartiers défavorisés. Un chômage persistant et des orientations contraintes au cours de leur formation initiale induisent un sentiment de discrimination à l’embauche éprouvé par ces jeunes.

Zone urbaineEffetParcours d'insertion[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationInsertion professionnelleImmigrationEnfant de migrant[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationZone sensibleLieu de résidenceJeunePerceptionDiscrimination raciale
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Périurbanisation, ségrégation sociale et accès aux services publics

2008

L'objectif de ce rapport est, d'une part, de mesurer la ségrégation à l'échelle des aires urbaines françaises et de tester l'hypothèse selon laquelle le mouvement de périurbanisation, touchant plus particulièrement les familles de classes moyennes, entraîne une bipolarisation accrue dans les pôles urbains, et, d'autre part, d'évaluer dans quelles mesures l'offre de services publics suivant les mouvements de populations renforce la ségrégation en y ajoutant une dimension supplémentaire en termes d'accessibilité à ceux-ci. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer qu'effectivement la périurbanisation de certaines catégories sociales, les catégories intermédiaires en 1990 et les cadres en 1999, tend à renfo…

Zone urbaineFluxPopulation humainePeriurbanisationSégrégation sociale[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesService public[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceLieu de résidenceEducation
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