Search results for "uva"

Väinö Linnan Täällä Pohjantähden alla -trilogian naiskuvia länsimaisen tradition ja naisnäkökulmaisen tutkimuksen valossa

1999

Gram-positive bacteria on grass pollen exhibit adjuvant activity inducing inflammatory T cell responses.

2011

BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been established that pollen grains contain Th2-enhancing activities besides allergens. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse whether pollen carry additional adjuvant factors like microbes and what immunological effects they may exert. METHODS: Timothy pollen grains were collected and disseminated on agar plates, and the growing microorganisms were cultivated and defined. Furthermore, the immunologic effects of microbial products on DC and T cell responses were analysed. RESULTS: A complex mixture of bacteria and moulds was detected on grass pollen. Besides Gram-negative bacteria that are known to favour Th1-directed immune responses, moulds were ident…

Pro-invasive stimuli and the interacting protein Hsp70 favour the route of alpha-enolase to the cell surface

2017

AbstractCell surface expression of alpha-enolase, a glycolytic enzyme displaying moonlighting activities, has been shown to contribute to the motility and invasiveness of cancer cells through the protein non-enzymatic function of binding plasminogen and enhancing plasmin formation. Although a few recent records indicate the involvement of protein partners in the localization of alpha-enolase to the plasma membrane, the cellular mechanisms underlying surface exposure remain largely elusive. Searching for novel interactors and signalling pathways, we used low-metastatic breast cancer cells, a doxorubicin-resistant counterpart and a non-tumourigenic mammary epithelial cell line. Here, we demon…

IgG Fc sialylation is regulated during the germinal center reaction following immunization with different adjuvants

2020

Background: Effector functions of IgG Abs are regulated by their Fc N-glycosylation pattern. IgG Fc glycans that lack galactose and terminal sialic acid residues correlate with the severity of inflammatory (auto)immune disorders and have also been linked to protection against viral infection and discussed in the context of vaccine-induced protection. In contrast, sialylated IgG Abs have shown immunosuppressive effects.Objective: We sought to investigate IgG glycosylation programming during the germinal center (GC) reaction following immunization of mice with a foreign protein antigen and different adjuvants.Methods: Mice were analyzed for GC T-cell, B-cell, and plasma cell responses, as wel…

Flow cytometric investigation of neutrophil oxidative burst and apoptosis in physiological and pathological situations

2009

Flow cytometric analysis provides a rapid screen for abnormalities of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) function and reflect their behavior in vivo more accurately. This review summarizes the major fluorescent probes used to study PMN oxidative burst and apoptosis using flow cytometry (FCM). We also provide examples of FCM studies in physiological and pathological situations, illustrating the advantages of FCM for assessment of PMN oxidative burst and PMN apoptosis. These data point to the role of FCM in detecting primary immunodeficiencies such as IRAK4 deficiency and support the use of the assessment of the PMN oxidative burst for routine testing in patients with bacterial infections. W…

IL-9 and IL-13 production by activated mast cells is strongly enhanced in the presence of lipopolysaccharide: NF-kappa B is decisively involved in th…

2001

Abstract Mast cells, due to their ability to produce a large panel of mediators and cytokines, participate in a variety of processes in adaptive and innate immunity. Herein we report that in primary murine bone marrow-derived mast cells activated with ionomycin or IgE-Ag the bacterial endotoxin LPS strongly enhances the expression of IL-9 and IL-13, but not IL-4. This costimulatory effect of LPS is absent in activated mast cells derived from the LPS-hyporesponsive mouse strain BALB/c-LPSd, although in these cells the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 can still substitute for LPS. The enhanced production of mast cell-derived IL-13 in the presence of IL-1 is a novel observation. Coactivation of m…

Inducible galectins are expressed in the inflamed pharynx of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis

2011

Although ascidians belong to a key group in chordate phylogenesis, amino acid sequences of Ciona intestinalis galectin-CRDs (CiLgals-a and -b) have been retained too divergent from vertebrate galectins. In the present paper, to contribute in disclosing Bi-CRD galectin evolution a novel attempt was carried out on CiLgals-a and -b CRDs phylogenetic analysis, and their involvement in ascidian inflammatory responses was shown. CiLgals resulted aligned with Bi-CRD galectins from vertebrates (Xenopus tropicalis, Gallus gallus, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens), cephalochordates (Branchiostoma floridae), echinoderms (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) and a mono-CRD galectin from the ascidian Clavelina pict…

Prophylaxis of lipopolysaccharide-induced shock by α-galactosylceramide

2008

AbstractThe NKT cell ligand α-galactosylceramide and its synthetic homologue KRN7000 stimulate rapid and copious secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α release, both of which are key mediators of LPS-induced shock. We showed that KRN7000, injected before or within 2 h after LPS challenge, was able to prevent endotoxic shock. KRN7000 induced survival when the mice were injected 6, 9, or 12 days before the first injection of LPS, and this protective effect was associated with reduction upon subsequent challenge in the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, and an increase of IL-10. Further analysis showed that the animals treated with KRN7000 prior to LPS challenge had lower numbers of F4/80+, NKT, and NK cell…

Protection by nitric oxide against liver inflammatory injury in animals carrying a nitric oxide synthase-2 transgene

2001

22 pages, 7 figures, 1 table.

20th-century Baltic drama: comparative paradigms

2014

The paper pays attention to the issues of commensurability in the development of 20th-century Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian literatures. It focuses upon thematic and aesthetic patterns of Baltic drama during this time period which is further subdivided into two parts, the first and the second half of the 20th century. The discussion about the genesis of Baltic drama during the late 19th, early 20th century is followed by an analysis of the impact of the nation states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania upon the institutionalization and development of drama and theatre during the 1920s and 1930s. Special attention is then paid to the notion of socialist realism as the ideological tool of So…