Search results for "vaccination."
showing 10 items of 654 documents
Speculation on whether a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis is a reality or fantasy
1999
In this paper the authors question whether the development of a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis could be taken into consideration. The necessity and feasibility of such a vaccine for human and veterinary application is discussed. Developmental stages within the life cycle of the parasite that might act as possible targets for vaccine development are summarised, as well as the target antigens offered by molecular biology and immunology studies. Vaccination trials against cryptosporidiosis carried out so far, including the active and passive immunisation approach, are also overviewed. It seems that with respect to a Cryptosporidium vaccine two target groups can be considered: children of th…
Ai ricci importa la salute pubblica? La teoria dei diritti di Dworkin, i beni pubblici e le sfide della pandemia
2023
In this paper, after offering a short vindication of public health as public good that liberal government should guarantee, I will show why Ronald Dworkin’s theory of justice in health care does not offer guidance in two cases that arise in pandemics: 1) how to set priorities in rationing access to intense care unit, 2) how to choose between vaccination policies. This lack of guidance is due to an unrealistic assumption that follows from Dworkin’s idea of the unity of value: that it is always possible to strike a balance between individual rights and collective claims in maintaining a public good (in this case public health).
La Asociación Europea contra la Poliomielitis y los programas europeos de vacunación
2012
La búsqueda de una respuesta europea al problema planteado por los brotes epidémicos de poliomielitis en las décadas centrales del siglo XX, desembocó en la creación de un organismo nuevo, la Asociación Europea contra la Poliomielitis en 1951. Los mecanismos de funcionamiento interno y las conexiones internacionales de dicha Asociación fueron subsidiarios de un determinado contexto socio-político que propiciaba este tipo de consorcios. Como muestra este trabajo, su labor en los dieciocho años de existencia fue decisiva para la articulación y el éxito alcanzado por las políticas sanitarias nacionales de inmunización masiva frente a la enfermedad.
An assessment of prime-boost vaccination schedules with AS03A-adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults
2012
Please cite this paper as: Gillard et al. (2012) An assessment of prime-boost vaccination schedules with AS03A-adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00349.x. Background Long-term persistence of immune response and safety of an H5N1 prepandemic influenza vaccine adjuvanted with AS03 (an α-tocopherol oil-in-water emulsion-based adjuvant system) was evaluated using various prime-boost schedules that mimicked potential pandemic scenarios (NCT00430521). Methods Five hundred and twelve healthy adults aged 18–60 years received primary vaccination with one or two doses (0, 21 days schedule…
An open-label, prospective phase I/II study evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of a ras peptide vaccine plus GM-CSF in patients with non-small …
2007
Mutations of the ras gene have been reported in 20-40% of NSCLC patients. If present, they are critical for the malignant phenotype of these tumors. Therefore, targeting them by specific vaccination is a promising therapeutic approach. In a clinical trial we screened for ras mutations in patients with NSCLC. Patients with ras-positive tumors were immunized six times intradermally with a mixture of seven peptides representing the most common ras mutations. Objectives of the study were the feasibility, efficacy and safety of the vaccination. In addition, the induction of a specific immune reaction was investigated by DTH tests, and the induction of peptide-specific T cells was tested in ex vi…
Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community
2012
Please cite this paper as: Castilla et al. (2013) Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(2) 177–183. Background The role of different risk exposures and preventive measures against influenza has not been well established. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and measures to prevent influenza infection in the community. Methods We conducted a multicenter case–control study. Cases were 481 outpatients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)09 in the 2009–2010 season in Spain. A control was selected for each case from outpatients from the same area …
Divergent effects of biolistic gene transfer in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation.
2007
Particle-mediated epidermal delivery (PMED) of allergen genes efficiently prevents systemic sensitization and suppresses specific immunoglobulin E synthesis. We investigated in a mouse model of allergic airway disease the effect of PMED on the elicitation of local inflammatory reactions in the lung. BALB/c mice were biolistically transfected with plasmids encoding beta-galactosidase (betaGal) as model allergen under control of the DC-targeting fascin promoter and the ubiquitously active cytomegalovirus promoter, respectively. Mice were challenged intranasally with betaGal-protein with or without intermediate sensitization with betaGal adsorbed to aluminiumhydroxide. Subsequently, local cyto…
Health status, diseases and vaccinations of the homeless in the city of Palermo, Italy.
2018
Introduzione. Un tempo "barboni", oggi senzatetto, il loro numero sta aumentando considerevolmente negli ultimi anni. Molti di loro soffrono di malattie croniche, problemi di salute mentale, dipendenze e necessitano di cure mediche complesse. Il loro stato di salute è spesso esacerbato per maggiori difficoltà nell'accesso alle cure primarie rispetto alla popolazione generale. Materiali e Metodi. È stato distribuito un questionario autosomministrato al fine di valutare le condizioni di salute dei senzatetto che vivono a Palermo. È stato utilizzato un modello di regressione logistica multivariata calcolando gli Odds Ratios aggiustati (aOR). Risultati. Il campione è costituito da 52 senzatetto…
Knowledge, opinions and attitudes of Italian mothers towards HPV vaccination and Pap test
2015
Aim This study evaluated the knowledge and attitudes of Italian mothers – whose daughters had been vaccinated in 2012 – towards primary (anti-HPV vaccination) and secondary (Pap test screening) cervical cancer prevention, as well as sources of information and mother-daughter communication on health issues. Methods The survey – part of a multicenter study carried out in 4 Italian cities (Ferrara, Rome, Cassino and Palermo) – was conducted through self-administered questionnaires. The first univariate analysis evaluated differences between mothers of under-18s and over-18s relative to knowledge and attitudes on HPV vaccination and Pap test. The second univariate analysis evaluated differences…
Factors associated with influenza vaccination of hospitalized elderly patients in Spain
2016
Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of influenza in the com- munity. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with influenza vacci- nation coverage in hospitalized patients aged 65 years hospitalized due to causes unrelated to influenza in Spain. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking in to account sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariate analysis was per- formed using multilevel regression models. We included 1038 patients: 602 (58%) had received the influenza vaccine in the 2013 - 14 season. Three or more general p…