Search results for "vaccinations"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Additives for vaccine storage to improve thermal stability of adenoviruses from hours to months

2016

Up to 80% of the cost of vaccination programmes is due to the cold chain problem (that is, keeping vaccines cold). Inexpensive, biocompatible additives to slow down the degradation of virus particles would address the problem. Here we propose and characterize additives that, already at very low concentrations, improve the storage time of adenovirus type 5. Anionic gold nanoparticles (10−8–10−6 M) or polyethylene glycol (PEG, molecular weight ∼8,000 Da, 10−7–10−4 M) increase the half-life of a green fluorescent protein expressing adenovirus from ∼48 h to 21 days at 37 °C (from 7 to >30 days at room temperature). They replicate the known stabilizing effect of sucrose, but at several orders of…

0301 basic medicineSucroseSucroseTime FactorsvirusesGeneral Physics and AstronomyMetal Nanoparticles02 engineering and technologyvaccinationsvaccine storagePolyethylene Glycolschemistry.chemical_compoundMiceImmunogenicity VaccineDrug StabilityModelsAdenovirus Vaccinesvaccineta318ta317MultidisciplinaryChemistryImmunogenicityadenoviruksetQadenovirus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyImmunogenicityOrders of magnitude (mass)Cold Temperaturevaccine; adenovirus; additives; nanoparticlesInfectious DiseasesColloidal goldModels Animaladditives0210 nano-technologyInfectionBiotechnologyHalf-LifeScienceDrug StorageBioengineeringPolyethylene glycolModels BiologicalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleVaccine RelatedExcipients03 medical and health sciencesPEG ratioAnimalsThermal stabilityChromatographyAnimalPreventionRational designta1182General ChemistryBiologicalVirology030104 developmental biologyadenovirusesFeasibility StudiesImmunizationnanoparticlesGoldVaccine
researchProduct

Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes

2022

Background Vaccination against the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is understood to be the key way out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists on the determinants of vaccine rollouts and their health effects at the country level. Objective Examine the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts and their effects on health outcomes. Methods Ordinary least squares regressions with standard errors clustered at the country level for Cross-section and Panel daily data of vaccinations and various health outcomes (new COVID-19 cases, fatalities, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions) for an unbalanced sample of about 200 countries during the period 16 December 2020 to 20 June 2021. Results…

Economics and Econometricsand (iii) COVID-19 cases in neighboring countries can lead to an increase in a country's domestic caseload and hamper efforts in taming its own local outbreak. Conclusions: By providing an early broad overview of the quantitative empirical estimates of the determinants of vaccine rollouts and the effects of COVID-19 vaccines our paper can help policymakers make informed decisions about local and global distributions of vaccines as well as related policy tools such as containment measure.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)business.industryHealth PolicyNational accountsOutbreakGeneral Medicine(ii) vaccine deployment significantly reduces new COVID-19 infections Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions and fatalities and is more effective when coupled with stringent containment measures or when a country is experiencing a large outbreakVaccination against the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is understood to be the key way out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists on the determinants of vaccine rollouts and their health effects at the country level. Objective: Examine the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts and their effects on health outcomes. Methods: Ordinary least squares regressions with standard errors clustered at the country level for Cross-section and Panel daily data of vaccinations and various health outcomes (new COVID-19 cases fatalities intensive care unit (ICU) admissions) for an unbalanced sample of about 200 countries during the period 16 December 2020 to 20 June 2021. Results: We find evidence that: (i) early vaccine procurement domestic production of vaccines the severity of the pandemic a country's health infrastructure and vaccine acceptance are significant determinants of the speed of vaccination rolloutHealth outcomesIntensive care unitlaw.inventionVaccinationProcurementlawEnvironmental healthPandemicGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesMedicinebusinessGeneral Environmental ScienceIMF Working Papers
researchProduct

Prevalence of influenza vaccination among nurses and ancillary workers in Italy: Systematic review and meta analysis

2011

Italian Ministry of Health recommends vaccination for seasonal influenza to all healthcare workers (HCW), particularly to nurses who have an important interaction with patients. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review in order to estimate the pooled prevalence of influenza vaccinations among nurses and ancillary workers in Italy and analyze the enhancing and hindering factors. Results: The review was performed using 15 articles, 6 containing the prevalence of vaccination for nurses and ancillary workers, while the others qualitative analysis. In all the selected articles the score calculation has been performed by using a protocol for observational studies. The nurses and an…

Health Knowledge Attitudes PracticePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth PersonnelImmunologyMEDLINENursesInfluenza vaccination Italy helthcare workers nurses ancillary workersSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataInfluenza vaccinationsinfluenza vaccination; nurses; healthcare workers; ancillary workers; italyQualitative analysisEnvironmental healthInfluenza HumanHealth careMedical StaffHumansMedicineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticshealthcare workersbusiness.industryVaccinationancillary workersinfluenza vaccinationHospitalsVaccinationItalyInfluenza VaccinesMeta-analysisChristian ministryObservational studybusinessHuman Vaccines
researchProduct

The impact of mandatory vaccination law in Italy on mmr coverage rates in two of the largest italian regions (Emilia-romagna and sicily): An effectiv…

2020

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has increased worldwide, leading to reduction in vaccination coverage rates. In particular, reduction in the coverage for the trivalent Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine has led to an increase of measles cases. The aim of this study is to analyze the coverage rates for the MMR vaccine in the Emilia-Romagna Region (RER) and Sicily Region (SR) between 2009 and 2018, and to correlate any significant change to index events which could have modified the trend of vaccination rates. Methods: Official aggregate data on vaccination coverage at 24 months provided by the RER and the SR were analyzed through trend analysis and related to important index events. Results: The tw…

Pharmacologylcsh:RImmunologycoverage rateslcsh:MedicineMMR vaccinemedicine.diseaseMandatory vaccinationMeaslesArticleVaccinationMandatory vaccinationTrend analysisInfectious DiseasesGeographyVaccination coverageDrug DiscoverymedicinePharmacology (medical)Aggregate datamandatory vaccinationsCoverage rateVaccine hesitancyDemography
researchProduct

Moralna odpowiedzialność rodziców za szczepienie dzieci - czynniki modyfikujące w realiach polskich

2020

Kontekst badań: Szczepienia ochronne dzieci są dobrodziejstwem dla zdrowia indywidualnych osób i epidemicznej ochrony społeczeństwa. Obserwowane narastające lawinowo zjawisko uchylania się przez rodziców od szczepień dzieci wymaga pogłębionych badań pod kątem ich odpowiedzialności moralnej za zaniechanie działania. Cel badań: zweryfikowanie hipotezy badawcze, która brzmiała: Odpowiednio silny wpływ czynnika modyfikującego postawy rodziców wobec szczepień ochronnych dzieci może zmniejszyć odpowiedzialność moralną rodziców za niepodjęcie obowiązku szczepiennego. Metoda badawcza: w badaniach zastosowano desk research, a więc analizę danych zastanych, z uwzględnieniem dostępnych dokumentów, bad…

epidemiological threatodpowiedzialność moralnarefusal of vaccinationsObowiązkowe szczepienia dzieciruchy antyszczepionkoweparentswiedza o szczepieniachanti-vaccination movementsrodziceodmowa szczepieńzagrożenie epidemiologicznemoral responsibilityCompulsory vaccinations of childrenknowledge about vaccinationsFamily Forum
researchProduct

The Child Health Care System in Italy

2016

Pediatric care in Italy has been based during the last 40 years on the increased awareness of the importance of meeting the psychosocial and developmental needs of children and of the role of families in promoting the health and well-being of their children. The pediatric health care system in Italy is part of the national health system. It is made up of 3 main levels of intervention: first access/primary care, secondary care/hospital care, and tertiary care based on specialty hospital care. This overview will also include a brief report on neonatal care, pediatric preventive health care, health service accreditation programs, and postgraduate training in pediatrics. The quality of the Ital…

medicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentChild Health ServicesvaccinationsHealth administration03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAmbulatory careNursingchildren030225 pediatricsHealth caremedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicinehospitalChildUnlicensed assistive personnelHealth policyHRHIShealth care systembusiness.industryPublic healthpublic healthInternational healthInfantpediatric carechildren careItalychildren care; hospital; public health; vaccinationsSettore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICAChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child Healthbusiness
researchProduct