Search results for "vagueness"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
Specificities and Vagaries of Medicine from the Viewpoint of Hard Sciences
2013
Among many other beautiful reflections on the ontology of medicine, in his Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine, Sadegh Zadeh promotes Fuzzy Sets Theory among the basic instruments of logic for medical understanding, highlights the importance of vagueness in the medical language and as an intrinsic property of medical epistemology, and invokes the clear advantages of a medical fuzzy taxonomy to overcome the binary concept of being healthy/ill. We briefly discuss these aspects, relating them to the peculiarity of Fuzziness as the only purely scientific notion among the foundational tools needed to define an analytic philosophy of medicine more concerned with an explicatum of the notio…
Fuzzy Logic, Knowledge and Natural Language
2012
This is an introductive study on what Fuzzy Logic is, on the difference between Fuzzy Logic and the other many-valued calculi and on the possible relationship between Fuzzy Logic and the complex sciences. Fuzzy Logic is nowadays a very popular logic methodology. Different kinds of applications in cybernetics, in software programming and its growing use in medicine seems to make Fuzzy Logic, according to someone, the “new” logic of science and technology. In his enthusiastic panegyric of Fuzzy Logic, Kosko (1993) argues that after thirty years from the birth of this calculus, it is time to declare the new era of Fuzzy Logic and to forget the old era of classical logic. I think that this poin…
Management of uncertain pairwise comparisons in AHP through probabilistic concepts
2019
Abstract Fast and judicious decision-making is paramount for the success of many activities and processes. However, various degrees of difficulty may affect the achievement of effective and optimal solutions. Decisions should ideally meet the best trade-off among as many of the involved factors as possible, especially in the case of complex problems. Substantial cognitive and technical skills are indispensable, while not always sufficient, to carry out optimal evaluations. One of the most common causes of wrong decisions derives from uncertainty and vagueness in making forecasts or attributing judgments. The literature shows numerous efforts towards the optimization and modeling of uncertai…
Maintenance Planning For The Reliability Maximization In A Large System With Vagueness In The Reliability Values Of Some Components
2015
This paper tackles the problem to single out the maintenance actions to be executed on a production system during the planned stop of given length. In detail, from a reliability viewpoint the system is assimilated as a series-parallel multi-component system and the maintenance actions need to maximize the system reliability up to the next planned stop. Moreover, it is assumed that some components reliability values are affected by vagueness within a given range. To solve the considered problem, an exact dynamic programming algorithm suitable to quickly point out the maintenance scheduling is developed and, moreover, it is formulated a proper parameter able to express the robustness of the o…
Fuzziness and social life: Informal notions, formal definitions
2012
A clear bidirectional path exists between everyday social and cultural life and the formal notions of uncertainty. If in recent times there has been a resurgence of the contribution of the formal notions of fuzziness and vagueness to disciplines such as aesthetics, medicine and more generally humanities, it is also true that concepts and phenomena from everyday reality are continually and usefully reused in order to build formal definitions that are more akin to the essence of things. In this paper, some notions connected with the handling of uncertainty, and particularly with FST, are outlined with the aim of benefitting the spontaneous emergence of new paths toward an unified theory of un…
Rough Sets and Vague Sets
2007
The subject-matter of the consideration touches the problem of vagueness. The notion of the rough set, originated by Zdzislaw Pawlak, was constructed under the influence of vague information and methods of shaping systems of notions leading to conceptualization and representation of vague knowledge, so also systems of their scopes as some vague sets. This paper outlines some direction of searching for a solution to this problem. In the paper, in connection to the notion of the rough set, the notion of a vague set is introduced. Some operations on these sets and their properties are discussed. The considerations intend to take into account a classical approach to reasoning, based on vague pr…
NUMERAL CONSTRUCTIONS IN SPOKEN ITALIAN AND SPANISH: FROM QUANTITATIVE APPROXIMATION TO INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
2019
Two general considerations can derived from all the considered data. Firstly, it is possible to trace a continuum of NuCxs based on their degree of cohesion, fixedness, specificity and idiomaticity, which correlates with the kind of approximate or vague meaning and function. The more the NuCxs become idiomatic the less they express quantity. In many cases, the constructions acquire a pragmatic value and codify a manner of express the degree of commitment, the attitude of the speakers and the kind of relationship s/he would like to enter into with the addressee. In these cases, the various levels of vagueness are often thickly intertwined and not easily untangled. Secondly, the approximate n…
Vagueness expressions in Italian, Spanish and English task-oriented dialogues
2017
In this article, we present a corpus-based analysis on the use of Vagueness Expressions (VEs) in Italian, Spanish and English in Task-oriented Dialogues. Following the distinction among informational, relational and discourse vagueness (Voghera 2012), we compare the width of the functional space of the most frequent VEs. In particular we investigate whether and to what extent the VEs cover all the types of vagueness in the three languages. Quantitative and qualitative analysis brings evidence about a high convergence in the vagueness functions expressed by the VEs of the three languages.
Birokrātismi sabiedriskajā saziņā
2016
Darbs pēta birokrātismus sabiedriskajā saziņā. Darba mērķis ir izpētīt, kā veidojas nozīme Eiropas Savienības (ES) diskursā un atklāt vissarežģītākos aspektus priekš tiem valodas lietotājiem, kam angļu valoda nav dzimtā. Šī darba loks ir sašaurināts līdz vienam programmas Horizon 2015 dokumentam, un visi piemēri šajā darbā ir ņemti no iepriekšminētā dokumenta. Pētnieciskā metode ir diskursa analīze. Autore pieradīja ka zināmas birokrātismu pazīmes, kā īpašības vārdi un modalitāte, var rādīt dokumentā neskaidrību . Šī darba rezultāti ir piemēru, paskaidrojumu un rekomendāciju kopsavilkums, kas varētu palīdzēt strādāt ar neskaidras valodas gadījumiem un ES dokumentācijas praktisks pētījums, k…
Reasoning with Vague Spatial Information from Upper Mesopotamia (2000BC)
2015
International audience; Concepts such as near, far, south of, etc., are by its own nature vague. However, they are quite common in human language. In the case of historical records, these concepts are often the only source of information regarding the position of ancient places whose exact location has been lost. In our research, we use digitized written records from Upper Mesopotamia (2000BC) from the HIGEOMES project. Our goal is to provide better understanding of the location of places, based on the analysis of spatial statements. In our approach, we analyse cardinal statements between places with known location. Using this information we construct a probabilistic function representing t…