Search results for "valence"
showing 10 items of 2732 documents
Multiple sclerosis: High prevalence of the ‘central vein’ sign in white matter lesions on susceptibility-weighted images
2018
Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and distribution of the ‘central vein’ sign in white matter lesions on susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance images in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Materials and methods T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance images of 19 MS patients and 19 patients affected by CSVD were analysed for the presence and localisation of focal hyperintense white matter lesions. Lesions were subdivided into periventricular or non-periventricular (juxtacortical, subcortical, deep white matter and cerebellar) distributed. The number and localisation of lesions present…
Cognitive dysfunction and depression in Fabry disease: a systematic review.
2013
Background Fabry disease, an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder, leads to multi-organ dysfunction, including cerebrovascular disease and psychological disorders. However, the prevalence and pattern of associated cognitive dysfunction is not well understood. Objectives To investigate whether there is reliable evidence for neuropsychological impairment in patients with Fabry disease and which cognitive domains are affected. To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with depression in patients with Fabry disease. Method Qualitative systematic review of the literature of studies conducting neuropsychological assessment or measuring the prevalence of depression in adults with Fabry d…
Retrospective analysis of jaw biopsies in young adults. A study of 1599 cases in Southern Brazil
2017
Background To evaluate the prevalence and the characteristics of jaw lesions diagnosed in young adults aged 20 to 30 years in a southern Brazil reference center, over a period of 25 years. And to analyze the concordance between clinical and histological diagnosis. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the biopsies files from this center were retrieved and data regarding sex, age, bone localization, clinical and histological diagnosis were collected. The histological diagnosis were grouped into the categories Cystic lesions of odontogenic origin, Periapical inflammation, Odontogenic tumors, Bone diseases, Health tissue and Nonspecific diagnostic. Absolute and rela…
Primordial Prevention of High Blood Pressure in Childhood
2020
Hypertension is a condition with increased risk for subsequent adverse events, and treatment of hypertension is prescribed for primary prevention of adverse events. Primordial prevention is a concept that precedes primary prevention and focuses on risk factor prevention. Primordial prevention of hypertension consists of strategies to maintain blood pressure in a normal range and prevent development of elevated blood pressure or hypertension. Childhood is a period in which primordial prevention could be effective and if sustained throughout childhood could contribute to a healthier young adulthood. Targets for primordial prevention in childhood include preventing and reducing childhood obesi…
Migraine in children under 6 years of age: A long-term follow-up study
2019
Abstract Background Early starting of migraine seems predictive for less favorable outcome in later ages, however follow-up investigations are very few and all with short-term prospective period. We report here the longest follow-up study in a population of children presenting with migraine under the age of 6. Methods We followed-up 74 children under 6 years of age, referred for headache to our department between 1997 and 2003. The study was carried out between October 2016 and March 2018. Headache diagnoses were made according to the IHS criteria. Results 23/74 patients, 31% of the original cohort, were found at follow-up in a period ranging between 15 to 21 years after the first visit. Se…
Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study
2020
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Only few data on dietary management of adult phenylketonuria (PKU) patients are published. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to assess living situation, dietary practices, and health conditions of early-treated adult PKU patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 183 early-treated PKU patients ≥18 years from 8 German metabolic centers received access to an online survey, containing 91 questions on sociodemographic data, dietary habits, and health conditions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 144/183 patients (66% females) completed the questionnaire. Compared with German …
The PACE study: past-year prevalence of tension-type headache and its subtypes in Parma's adult general population.
2014
The mean global prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH) in adult is 42 %. To date, there have been no Italian studies on TTH prevalence in the adult general population. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study, called PACE, aimed at detecting the prevalence of primary headaches in the city of Parma's adult general population. 904 subjects representative of Parma's adult general population were interviewed face to face by a physician of our Headache Centre. Crude past-year prevalence for definite TTH was 19.4 % (95 % CI 16.8-21.9; 18.4 %, 95 % CI 14.6-22.3 in men, and 20.1 %, 95 % CI 16.6-23.6 in women), namely, 9.0 % (95 % CI 7.1-10.8) for infrequent TTH, 9.8 % (95 % CI 7.9-11.8) f…
As Long as the Breath Lasts: In Utero Exposure to Ramadan and the Occurrence of Wheezing in Adulthood.
2017
While prenatal exposure to Ramadan has been shown to be negatively associated with general physical and mental health, studies on specific organs remain scarce. In this study, we explored whether Ramadan exposure during pregnancy affects the occurrence of wheezing, a main symptom of obstructive airway disease. Using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey collected between 1997 and 2008 (waves 2-4), we compared wheezing occurrence among adult Muslims who had been in utero during Ramadan with that in adult Muslims who had not been in utero during Ramadan. Wheezing prevalence was higher among adult Muslims who had been in utero during Ramadan, independent of the pregnancy phase in which t…
Door-to-door prevalence survey of epilepsy in three Sicilian municipalities
2001
A door-to-door prevalence survey of epilepsy was conducted in 3 Sicilian municipalities, as of November 1, 1987. In phase 1, the screening by questionnaire of 24,496 eligible subjects (participation = 92%) identified 544 suspected to have epilepsy. In phase 2, neurological evaluation of the 544 subjects yielded 111 with epilepsy. Of the 111 subjects, 103 (93%) had been previously diagnosed, 68 (61%) were taking antiepileptic medication, and 81 (73%) had active epilepsy. Referring to the 81 subjects with active epilepsy, the seizure type was generalized in 60 (74%), partial in 19 (23%) and undetermined in 2 (3%). The prevalence of active epilepsy (per 1,000 population) was 3.3 overall, 3.5 f…
Immunity to tetanus in the 3-20 year age group in Italy
1997
In Italy, systematic mandatory tetanus immunization of children started in 1968. In 1989, immunity against tetanus was assessed in a random sample of 758 healthy subjects aged 3-20 y, from four Italian cities. There were 257 subjects 3-5 y old all residing in Southern Italy and 501 subjects 11-20 y old from both the South and North. The overall prevalence of non-immune subjects was 19.1%, without difference by sex. The rates of subjects lacking protective antibody titres was 25.3% in children 3-5 y old (all coming from South and the islands), 11.5% in those 11 y old, and 18.9% in the 18-20 y age-group, respectively. Subjects 11-20 y old residing in the South and the islands were more likely…