Search results for "valence"
showing 10 items of 2732 documents
Real-World Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Adult Diabetic Individuals: An Italian Nationwide Epidemiological Survey
2021
Introduction: Hypertesion is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, worldwide, and its prevalence has been increasing in several countries, including Italy. Aims: To assess hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in a real-world sample of adults with self-reported diabetes compared with nondiabetic individuals. Methods: Following the 2018 World Hypertension Day, a nationwide, cross-sectional epidemiological survey on cardiovascular risk factors (“Abbasso la Pressione!”) in 3956 Italian pharmacies enrolled 47217 self-presenting volunteers (≥ 18 years). Participants underwent standardized blood pressure (BP) measurements and answered a questionnaire on cardiovascular…
Seroprevalence of SARs-CoV-2 among the staff and patients of a French cancer centre after first lockdown: the canSEROcov study
2021
Abstract Background In view of the potential gravity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for patients with cancer, epidemiological data are vital to assess virus circulation among patients and staff of cancer centres. We performed a prospective study to investigate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among staff and patients with cancer at a large cancer centre, at the end of the period of first national lockdown in France and to determine factors associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods After the first lockdown, all medical and non-medical staff, as well as all patients attending the medical oncology department were invited to unde…
Prevalence and determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in lifelines: A large Dutch population cohort
2017
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasing health issue that develops rather unnoticed with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. We investigated prevalence, determinants and associated metabolic abnormalities of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the largest population-based cohort to date. METHODS Biochemical characteristics, type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome were determined in the Lifelines Cohort Study (N = 167,729), a population-based cohort in the North of the Netherlands. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was defined as Fatty Liver Index (FLI)≥60. Exclusion criteria were age <18 years, immigrants, missing data to assess FL…
Significance of chronic toxoplasmosis in epidemiology of road traffic accidents in Russian Federation
2017
Studies carried out in Moscow residents have revealed that the prevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis is very close to those in countries of Eastern and Central Europe. Our findings also demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the rate of traffic accidents and the seroprevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis in drivers who were held responsible for accidents. The latter was 2.37 times higher in drivers who were involved in road accidents compared with control groups. These results suggest that the consequences of chronic toxoplasmosis (particularly a slower reaction time and decreased concentration) might contribute to the peculiarities of the epidemiology of road traffic acci…
A Predictive Model of the Prevalence of Delirium in Elderly Subjects Admitted to Nursing Homes.
2017
INTRODUCTION Delirium is common in geriatric patients admitted to nursing homes, with an incidence of 22-79% among long-term residents. AIM To establish a predictive model of the risk of delirium episodes in a sample of elderly people living in nursing homes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective, cross-sectional case-control study covering a period of 12 consecutive months (April 2014 - March 2015) was carried out. The included cases had suffered at least one episode of delirium during the study period. Sociodemographic and clinical variables as well as risk factors predisposing to or triggering episodes of delirium were recorded. RESULTS A total of 193 cases and 123 controls were recruited…
The HLA-DQβ1 insertion is a strong achalasia risk factor and displays a geospatial north-south gradient among Europeans.
2016
Idiopathic achalasia is a severe motility disorder of the esophagus and is characterized by a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax due to a loss of neurons in the myenteric plexus. Most recently, we identified an eight-amino-acid insertion in the cytoplasmic tail of HLA-DQβ1 as strong achalasia risk factor in a sample set from Central Europe, Italy and Spain. Here, we tested whether the HLA-DQβ1 insertion also confers achalasia risk in the Polish and Swedish population. We could replicate the initial findings and the insertion shows strong achalasia association in both samples (Poland P=1.84 × 10(-04), Sweden P=7.44 × 10(-05)). Combining all five European data sets - Central E…
A Mediterranean Diet Rich in Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Older Individuals …
2019
Los autores de este trabajo forman parte de PREDIMED study investigators. Son los siguientes: Principales: Xavier Pintó, Marta Fanlo-Maresma, Emili Corbella, Xavier Corbella, M Teresa Mitjavila, Juan J Moreno, Rosa Casas, Ramon Estruch, Dolores Corella, Mònica Bulló, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Olga Castañer, J Alfredo Martinez, Emilio Ros, PREDIMED Study Investigators. PREDIMED Study investigators: Estruch R, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Fitó M, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, Arós F, Aldamiz-Echevarría M, Alonso-Gómez AM, Berjón J, Forga L, Gállego J, García-Layana A, Larrauri A, Portu-Zapirain J, Timiraos J, Ros E, Covas MI, Martínez-González MA, Salas-Salvadó J, Pérez-Heras A, Serra-Mir M, Pi-Sunye…
Estimating Global Burden of Disease due to congenital anomaly: an analysis of European data
2017
ObjectiveTo validate the estimates of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) due to congenital anomaly for Europe by comparing infant mortality data collected by EUROCAT registries with the WHO Mortality Database, and by assessing the significance of stillbirths and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (TOPFA) in the interpretation of infant mortality statistics.Design, setting and outcome measuresEUROCAT is a network of congenital anomaly registries collecting data on live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks’ gestation and TOPFA. Data from 29 registries in 19 countries were analysed for 2005–2009, and infant mortality (deaths of live births at age <1 year) compared with the WHO Mortality …
Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients
2018
Abstract Background The correct management of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia is debated. We evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and characteristics of immunocompromised patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of an international, multicenter study enrolling adult patients coming from the community with pneumonia and hospitalized in 222 hospitals in 54 countries worldwide. Risk factors for immunocompromise included AIDS, aplastic anemia, asplenia, hematological cancer, chemotherapy, neutropenia, biological drug use, lung transplantation, chronic steroid use, and solid tumor. Results At least 1 risk factor for immunocompromis…
Self-Reported Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity in High School Students: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
2017
Background: Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity (NCWS) has recently been included among the gluten-related disorders. As no biomarkers of this disease exist, its frequency has been estimated based on self-reported symptoms, but to date no data are available about self-reported NCWS in teenagers. Aim: To explore the prevalence of self-reported NCWS in a group of high school students and to study their demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: The study was performed between April 2015 and January 2016 in two high schools of a coastal town in the south of Sicily (Italy). A total of 555 students (mean age 17 years, 191 male, 364 female) completed a modified validated questionnaire for self-r…