Search results for "value"
showing 10 items of 5321 documents
Lead Poisoning in France around 1840: Managing Proofs and Uncertainties in Laboratories, Courtrooms, and Workplaces.
2021
This article reviews one of the most famous cases of lead poisoning in France, the Ponchon affair, which occurred in 1843 during a crucial period for French toxicology. The trial attracted public attention and inflamed controversy among medical and legal experts. The debate involved toxicological methods and their reliability, and gave rise to more general questions about the value of expert evidence, the way it was presented in court, and its relationship to other forms of legal evidence. I begin with a general overview of lead poisoning and toxicological research on lead compounds around 1840. I then discuss different toxicological proofs employed for detecting or preventing lead poisonin…
Sports clubs as settings for health promotion: fundamentals and an overview to research.
2014
This paper explores the efficacy and value of sports clubs as a setting for health promotion. Sports clubs for children and adolescents are the primary focus of the paper, and the aims are two-fold. Aims: Firstly, the paper aims to review the basis for and elements of the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept. Secondly, the aim is to overview the international evolution of the HPSC concept and its usefulness in the research. The settings-based health promotion approach forms the basis for the HPSC concept and it is introduced first. Thereafter, both obligating and prospecting factors, to justify the importance for sports clubs to address health promotion, are expressed. Major prospec…
Social Responsibility and Health Care Public Sector: Some Notes on the Concept of “Value”
2013
This chapter outlines the concept of value specifically within the context of public sector. Starting from the literature, it defines a new concept of value that better fits with the public sector organizations characteristics. In doing this it proposes a shift on the established doctrine for making the expectations of multiple stakeholders converge. Firstly, basic framework of the characteristics of public health agencies is made; secondly, the identification of the main stakeholders of public health agencies and their expectations towards these institutions; and finally a definition of health value, intended as a specification of the concept of “public value” in the context of public heal…
Social Capital, Well-Being and Municipality: Salaspils Municipality (Latvia) Case
2016
Abstract During the last three decades, social capital has gained prominence throughout the social sciences. The concepts has been analysed in various manners (from perspectives of economics, political sciences, sociology, anthropology etc.) providing wide range of theoretical conceptualizations. The aim of paper is to analyse the relation of social capital and possibility to improve the well-being of the municipality’s citizens using co-responsibility approach. In order to achieve the aim, the tasks are formulated as follows: 1) to review theoretical background for concept of social capital and subjective well-being, 2) to analyse the factors of social capital at local level, and 3) to use…
Infants and Children Making Sense of Scents
2017
This chapter summarizes research on the development of human olfactory skills to rely on different cues conveyed by odorants, such as odor quality, intensity, position in space, novelty/familiarity, and hedonic value. The sensory, neural, and psychological dimensions at the root of these early aptitudes remain poorly explored in humans, but one can safely affirm that any weak odor to which the infant has previously been nonadversely exposed will have a higher reinforcing value than any novel odor. Developmental differences in odor discrimination and appreciation are certainly causally multiple and may depend on general or olfaction-specific cognitive factors which can be traced back to pren…
Female knowledge workers and the illusion of working-time autonomy
2017
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ask: what are the temporal realities of female knowledge workers? It especially focusses on women’s possibilities of using working-time autonomy, and the work and non-work practices that shape their possibility to use work-hour autonomy. In knowledge work, working-time autonomy is usually high, but exercising autonomy is not always possible. The study was carried out in Finland, where full-time work is common also among women, even if they have small children. Design/methodology/approach The data include 19 semi-structured interviews of women who have knowledge-intensive work. The method of analysis is problem-driven content analysis. Findings Female…
An existential perspective on meaning, spirituality and authenticity in athletic careers
2014
This research examines athletes’ career paths and reflections of meaning in their sporting practices through an existential psychological lens. Through notions of spirituality and authenticity, we examined how competitive sport practices and bodily movement gain meaning, and often fundamentally shift meaning, in athletes’ lives. Reflective writings with a follow-up from 10 athletes were interpreted through an existential-narrative analysis. The results suggest that while the early years of sport practice are most often characterised as highly enjoyable experiences, for some, the later career development involves existential challenges such as value conflicts, losing a sense of authenticity,…
The role of reading difficulties in the associations between task values, efficacy beliefs, and achievement emotions
2018
The aim of this study was to examine the situational associations of reading-related task values and efficacy beliefs with achievement emotions, and whether these associations are moderated by reading difficulties (RD). The sample comprised 128 Finnish sixth-grade students (66 with no reading difficulties [No RD], 31 with mild reading difficulties [Mild RD], and 31 with severe reading difficulties [Severe RD]) who were randomized to complete either a non-challenging or challenging reading task. Students reported their reading-related task values (attainment and interest) and efficacy beliefs right before and their achievement emotions both before and after performing the reading task. The r…
Analyzing Consumer Engagement Programs from the Perspective of a Qualitative Research of Marketing Executives
2014
Abstract Consumer engagement is a multidimensional concept comprising cognitive, emotional, and/or behavioral dimensions, and plays a central role in the process of developing long lasting relationships with mutual benefits for companies and their customers. In the Internet-context, consumers can co-create experiences and personal value through engagement in activities that involve interactivity and networking with companies in the online environment. In this technology-driven framework, consumer engagement programs can offer a valuable opportunities for companies that are active in an online setting. The present research implies a qualitative study conducted using interviews with marketing…
Children's expectancy beliefs and subjective task values through two years of school-based program and associated links to physical education enjoyme…
2016
Purpose: The present study examined the patterns of children's expectancy beliefs and subjective task values through the Physical Activity as Civil Skill Program and associated links to physical education enjoyment and total physical activity. Methods: The sample comprised 401 children aged 9–13 years from 3 small towns located in North-East Finland. All children received school-based activities across 2-year program from Grades 5 to 7. The present data were collected using questionnaires across 3 measurement phases during 2012–2014. Results: The levels of expectancy beliefs and subjective task values indicated to be relatively high and the development was stable through the program, especi…