Search results for "value"
showing 10 items of 5321 documents
Activity of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in relation to p53 status and therapeutic response in ovarian cancer.
1999
The DNA-repair protein O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (alkyltransferase; MGMT) is a major determinant of resistance of cells to various alkylating cytostatic drugs. Its expression in tissues is highly variable, indicating complex regulatory mechanisms involved. Transfection-mediated expression of wild-type p53 has been shown to negatively regulate basal promoter activity of MGMT in vitro. To elucidate whether p53 is involved in regulation of MGMT in tumor tissue, we examined MGMT expression and the p53 status of 140 primary ovarian carcinomas and analyzed the data as to the correlation between MGMT and p53, as well as the survival response of the patients after chemotherapy. We sh…
Establishment of a [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI Imaging Protocol for Gastric Cancer PDX as a Preclinical Research Tool
2020
Purpose The utility of 18-fluordesoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG-PET) combined with computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in gastric cancer remains controversial and a rationale for patient selection is desired. This study aims to establish a preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) based [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI protocol for gastric cancer and compare different PDX models regarding tumor growth and FDG uptake. Materials and methods Female BALB/c nu/nu mice were implanted orthotopically and subcutaneously with gastric cancer PDX. [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI scanning protocol evaluation included different tumor sizes, FDG doses, scanning intervals, and organ-specific …
Children may not benefit from neuroblastoma screening at 1 year of age. Updated results of the population based controlled trial in Germany
2003
Neuroblastoma is the second most frequent malignancy in childhood. We investigated whether screening for neuroblastoma at 1 year of age reduces the incidence of metastatic disease or mortality. Screening was offered in 6 of the 16 German states from 1995 to 2000 with the remaining states serving as controls. We studied 2,581,188 children in the screening area born between 1994 and 1999 and 2,117,600 in the control area. We compared mortality from neuroblastoma and the incidence of disseminated disease in the two groups. The screened group and the control group had similar rates of stage 4 neuroblastoma and mortality due to neuroblastoma. Comparison of the screened group and the control area…
Impact of BMI on Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound Assessment in Patients With Early Breast Cancer
2020
Background The accuracy of axillary ultrasound (AUS) with fine-needle aspiration with varying patient body mass index (BMI) is still unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the US features of axillary lymph nodes changes with BMI of patients. Patients and methods A retrospective review was performed involving 144 out of 270 patients with early breast cancer who underwent breast surgery with sentinel lymph node biopsy. Diagnostic efficacy of AUS in preoperative axillary nodal staging was assessed in relation to BMI. Results Negative predictive values of AUS for the overweight and obese groups were statistically significantly lower compared to the normal/underweight group (p=0.0…
Prognostic value of International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification in localized resectable peripheral neuroblastic tumors: a histopathologic st…
2006
Purpose To assess the prognostic value of clinical, biologic, and morphologic data in peripheral neuroblastic tumors, International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stages 2A and 2B MYCN nonamplified, a multinational protocol entitled Localized Neuroblastoma European Study Group trial 94.01, with a trial of surgery as the only treatment, was initiated in 1995. We present the prognostic value of the revised International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) applied to the patients included in this protocol until its closure in 1999. Materials and Methods A total of 120 neuroblastic tumors from trial patients were reviewed by the European International Society of Pediatric Oncolog…
Droloxifene-Induced Spikes of Tumor Markers Predict Benefit of Therapy
1991
In the clinical monitoring of cancer, tumor marker proteins may reflect the status of the disease. In cases with radio- and chemotherapy, spikes of tumor markers were found shortly after starting the therapy. These spikes were interpreted as a sign of tumor lysis. Recently during therapy of breast cancer with the new antiestrogen droloxifene, spikes of CA 125 and CA 15-3 were also found in about one-third of patients responding to therapy. The peaks of these initial increases were recorded between 14 and 60 days after the onset of treatment, with maximum concentrations up to 1,890% of the initial value. Marker concentrations decreased thereafter, to new baselines at or below the initial val…
Basic Notions of the Theory of Heat
2016
This chapter summarizes some basic notions of thermodynamics and defines the empirical variables which are needed for the description of thermodynamic systems in equilibrium. Empirical temperature and several scales used to measure temperature are defined. The so-called “zeroth law of thermodynamics” is formulated which says that systems which are in mutual equilibrium have the same temperature. Thermodynamic ensembles corresponding to different macroscopic boundary conditions are introduced and are illustrated by simple models such as the ideal gas. Also, entropy appears on the scene for a first time, both in its statistical and its thermodynamical interpretation. Gibb’s fundamental form i…
Anomalous size-dependence of interfacial profiles between coexisting phases of polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry: A Monte Carlo simulation
1997
The interfacial profile between coexisting phases of a binary mixture (A,B) in a thin film of thickness D and lateral linear dimensions L depends sensitively on both linear dimensions and on the nature of boundary conditions and statistical ensembles applied. These phenomena generic for systems in confined geometry are demonstrated by Monte-Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetric polymer mixtures. Both the canonical and semi-grand-canonical ensemble are studied. In the canonical ensemble, the interfacial width w increases (from small values which are of the same order as the intrinsic profile) like sqrt{D}, before a crossover to a saturation value w_max (w_max^2 proport…
Der O2-Austausch zwischen Capillaren und Gewebe I. O2-Konzentrationsprofile in Blutcapillaren und deren Umgebung
1968
The differential equations valid for technical heat exchangers can also describe the O2 exchange in the blood capillaries and the exchange of molecules like THO and acetamid in the renal tubules. Differences in the boundary conditions occur, however. Hence, these differential equations were resolved for the corresponding boundary conditions. The results permit us to conclude that the concentration profiles occurring in the capillaries and renal tubules, as a result of diffusion in the capillary cross-section, can, generally speaking, be disregarded for the following reason: Although the differences in partial pressure between the capillary wall and capillary centre, at the beginning of the …
A model of capillary phenomena in RN with subcritical growth
2020
This paper deals with the nonlinear Dirichlet problem of capillary phenomena involving an equation driven by the p-Laplacian-like di¤erential operator in RN. We prove the existence of at least one nontrivial nonnegative weak solution, when the reaction term satisfies a sub-critical growth condition and the potential term has certain regularities. We apply the energy functional method and weaker compactness conditions.