Search results for "vector space"

showing 10 items of 287 documents

Non-negative blind source separation techniques for tumor tissue typing using HR-MAS signals.

2010

Given High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) signals from several glioblastoma tumor subjects, the goal is to differentiate between tumor tissue types by separating the different sources that contribute to the profile of each spectrum. Blind source separation techniques are applied for obtaining characteristic profiles for necrosis, high cellular tumor and border tumor tissue, and providing the contribution (abundance) of each tumor tissue to the profile of the spectra. The problem is formulated as a non-negative source separation problem. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods and we analyze to which extent the dimension of the input space could influence the perfor…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyComputer scienceFeature extractionBlind signal separationSensitivity and SpecificitySpectral linePattern Recognition AutomatedNuclear magnetic resonanceDimension (vector space)medicineSource separationMagic angle spinningBiomarkers TumorHumansTypingDiagnosis Computer-Assistedmedicine.diagnostic_testArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionmedicine.diseaseTumor tissueArtificial intelligencebusinessGlioblastomaAlgorithmsGlioblastoma
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Theory of domain-wall magnetoresistance in metallic antiferromagnets

2020

We develop a theory to compute the domain-wall magnetoresistance (DWMR) in antiferromagnetic (AFM) metals with different spin structures. In the diffusive transport regime, the DWMR can be either {\it negative} or positive depending on the domain-wall orientation and spin structure. In contrast, when the transport is in the ballistic regime, the DWMR is always positive, and the magnitude depends on the width and orientation of the domain wall. Our results pave the way of using electrical measurements for probing the internal spin structure in antiferromagnetic metals.

Magnetoresistance530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologySpin structure01 natural sciencesMetal0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)AntiferromagnetismElectrical measurements010306 general physicsSpin-½PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology530 PhysikOrientation (vector space)Domain wall (magnetism)visual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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When Geometry Constrains Vision: Systematic Misperceptions within Geometrical Configurations.

2016

International audience; How accurate are we in reproducing a point within a simple shape? This is the empirical question we addressed in this work. Participants were presented with a tiny disk embedded in an empty circle (Experiment 1 and 3) or in a square (Experiment 2). Shortly afterwards the disk vanished and they had to reproduce the previously seen disk position within the empty shape by means of the mouse cursor, as accurately as possible. Several loci inside each shape were tested. We found that the space delimited by a circle and by a square is not homogeneous and the observed distortion appears to be consistent across observers and specific for the two tested shapes. However, a com…

MaleEye MovementsVisionPhysiologyVisual SystemVector SpacesSensory PhysiologySocial Scienceslcsh:Medicine[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology050109 social psychologyGeometrySquare (algebra)SymmetryForm perceptionMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyAttentionlcsh:ScienceMathematicsMultidisciplinaryExperimental Design05 social sciencesSensory SystemsPattern Recognition VisualResearch Design[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyPhysical SciencesSensory PerceptionFemaleResearch ArticleAdultGeometryResearch and Analysis Methods050105 experimental psychologyYoung AdultPosition (vector)DistortionHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPoint (geometry)Vision Ocularshape perception perceptual center perceptual force vector field perceptual distortion visual mislocalization Gestalt eye movements[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neurosciencelcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesNull (physics)Form PerceptionAlgebraRadiiLinear AlgebraSpace PerceptionContour lineLinear ModelsCognitive Sciencelcsh:QSymmetry (geometry)MathematicsPhotic StimulationNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Space representation in children with dyslexia and children without dyslexia: Contribution of line bisection and circle centering tasks

2013

International audience; Line bisection tasks (different space locations and different line lengths) and circle centering tasks (visuo-proprioceptive and proprioceptive explorations, with left or right starting positions) were used to investigate space representation in children with dyslexia and children without dyslexia. In line bisection, children with dyslexia showed a significant rightward bias for central and right-sided locations and a leftward bias for left-sided location. Furthermore, the spatial context processing was asymmetrically more efficient in the left space. In children without dyslexia, no significant bias was observed in central lines but the spatial context processing wa…

MaleFunctional Laterality050105 experimental psychologyDyslexiaPerceptual Disorders03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDimension (vector space)Developmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumansAttention0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesClockwiseChildRepresentation (mathematics)Spatial contextual awareness[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience05 social sciencesDyslexiaResponse biasmedicine.diseaseClinical PsychologyCase-Control StudiesSpace PerceptionLine (geometry)[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeuroscienceFemalePerceptual DisordersPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
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Representational Bias in the Radial Axis in Children With Dyslexia: A Landmarks Alignment Study.

2018

To better identify the distinctive characteristics of space representation in the radial dimension, we have proposed a new paradigm: the landmarks alignment task where two parallel aluminum bars were radially presented. Children had to move a landmark along one bar and place it at the same location as the reference landmark placed by the examiner on the parallel bar. The major interest of this task was its capacity to assess space representation in the radial dimension when considering a spatial landmark that oriented the subject’s attention toward the orthogonal dimension. The most important result showed that in the radial dimension children with dyslexia exhibited a forward bias on the …

MaleHealth (social science)Visual perceptionBar (music)Spatial abilitymedia_common.quotation_subjectEducationDyslexia03 medical and health sciencesPersonal Space0302 clinical medicineDimension (vector space)Orientation (geometry)Reading (process)medicineHumansAttentionChildmedia_commonLandmark05 social sciencesDyslexia050301 education030229 sport sciencesmedicine.diseaseSpace PerceptionGeneral Health ProfessionsFemalePsychology0503 educationCognitive psychologyJournal of learning disabilities
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Retro-dimension-cue benefit in visual working memory

2016

AbstractIn visual working memory (VWM) tasks, participants’ performance can be improved by a retro-object-cue. However, previous studies have not investigated whether participants’ performance can also be improved by a retro-dimension-cue. Three experiments investigated this issue. We used a recall task with a retro-dimension-cue in all experiments. In Experiment 1, we found benefits from retro-dimension-cues compared to neutral cues. This retro-dimension-cue benefit is reflected in an increased probability of reporting the target, but not in the probability of reporting the non-target, as well as increased precision with which this item is remembered. Experiment 2 replicated the retro-dime…

MaleMemory loadArticle050105 experimental psychologyretro-object-cueTask (project management)visual working memoryYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDimension (vector space)Cognitive resource theoryReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesta113MultidisciplinaryRecallWorking memory05 social sciencesInterval (music)Memory Short-TermFeature (computer vision)Mental RecallFemalePsychologyPhotic Stimulation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
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Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of ultrathinFe∕Mo(110)films usingW∕Au∕Cotips

2006

We report on magnetic contrast observed in low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) of Fe nanowires deposited on Mo(110) using tungsten tips covered by $\mathrm{Au}∕\mathrm{Co}$ thin films. Due to the spin reorientation transition of Co films on Au an out-of-plane magnetic sensitivity is obtained for tips with thin cobalt films (up to 8 monolayers of Co), while for thicker Co coverages an in-plane magnetization component can be probed. Using $\mathrm{W}∕\mathrm{Au}∕\mathrm{Co}$ tips with out-of-plane magnetic sensitivity we show that the one (ML) and two (DL) atomic layers thick Fe nanowires prepared using step flow growth on a Mo(110) crystal are perpendicularl…

Materials scienceAnalytical chemistrySpin polarized scanning tunneling microscopyConductive atomic force microscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOrientation (vector space)CrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationMagnetic anisotropylawScanning tunneling microscopeThin filmPhysical Review B
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Direct observation of smectic layers in side chain liquid crystal polymer films

1987

Abstract By applying stringent conditions to the imaging process it has been possible to produce electron micrographs of the smectic planes in a highly beam sensitive polymethcrylate side chain liquid crystal polymer. These planes show a high degree of internal perfection, while, at the same time, showing clear evidence of curvature. The director orientation was determined over a fairly large region.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryDirect observationGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCurvatureCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterOrientation (vector space)OpticsLiquid crystalElectron micrographsSide chainGeneral Materials SciencebusinessBeam (structure)Liquid Crystals
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A HEURISTIC APPROACH TO PART BATCHING IN FMS

1989

ABSTRACT A computationally efficient heuristic procedure is presented in order to solve the Part Batching Problem in FMS installations. The procedure is able to deal with the limited availability of tool slots in the storage devices of the machining centers and to evaluate how their capacity affects the overall system performances. A large dimension application is reported and the solution of the problem is tested using a simulator properly worked out.

Mathematical optimizationEngineeringMachiningOperations researchDimension (vector space)business.industryHeuristicbusinessHeuristic procedure
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Geodesic ray transform with matrix weights for piecewise constant functions

2019

We show injectivity of the geodesic X-ray transform on piecewise constant functions when the transform is weighted by a continuous matrix weight. The manifold is assumed to be compact and nontrapping of any dimension, and in dimension three and higher we assume a foliation condition. We make no assumption regarding conjugate points or differentiability of the weight. This extends recent results for unweighted transforms.

Mathematics - Differential Geometry44A12 65R32 53A99GeodesicGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisConjugate pointsmatrix weight01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatManifoldFoliation010101 applied mathematicsMatrix (mathematics)geodesic ray transformDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Dimension (vector space)FOS: MathematicsPiecewiseConstant function0101 mathematicsintegral geometryMathematics
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