Search results for "video"
showing 10 items of 1348 documents
Description of dynamic shared knowledge: an exploratory study during a competitive team sports interaction.
2011
This exploratory case study describes the sharedness of knowledge within a basketball team (nine players) and how it changes during an official match. To determine how knowledge is mobilised in an actual game situation, the data were collected and processed following course-of-action theory (Theureau 2003). The results were used to characterise the contents of the shared knowledge (i.e. regarding teammate characteristics, team functioning, opponent characteristics, opposing team functioning and game conditions) and to identify the characteristic types of change: (a) the reinforcement of a previous element of shared knowledge; (b) the invalidation of an element of shared knowledge; (c) fragm…
Temporal patterns analysis of rat behavior in hole-board.
2009
The aim of present research was to analyze the temporal structure of rodent's anxiety-related behavior in hole-board apparatus (HB). Fifteen male Wistar rats were tested for 10 min. Video files, collected for each subject, were coded by means of a software coder and event log files generated for each subject. To assess temporal relationships among behavioral events, log files were processed by means of a t-pattern analysis. 14 two-element t-patterns, four t-patterns encompassing 3 events and 2 t-patterns encompassing 4 and 5 events respectively were revealed. It was demonstrated that rat behavior in HB was mainly structured on the basis of the temporal patterning among exploratory events; t…
Mediator-Induced Changes in Macromolecular Permeability in the Rat Mesenteric Microcirculation
1995
An intravital fluorescence microscopic method for measurement of changes in macromolecular permeability has been established in the mesenterial microcirculation of the rat. After exteriorization of the fat-free distal part of the ileal mesentery, a 1-hr period of stabilization was followed by the injection of FITC-labeled macromolecules. Five minutes later, histamine, leukotriene B4, or leukotriene C4 was topically applied to the tissue by means of a micromanipulator. Areas of 1 mm2 were videotaped with a SIT camera. The fluorescence intensity of these areas was measured by an analogous video image processing system and displayed as gray value histograms. The shift of the frequency of gray …
Temporal structure of the rat's behavior in elevated plus maze test
2012
Aim of the research was to evaluate, by means of quantitative and multivariate temporal pattern analyses, the behavior of Wistar rat in elevated plus maze (EPM) test. On the basis of an ethogram encompassing 24 behavioral elements, quantitative results showed that 130.14 ± 8.01 behavioral elements occurred in central platform and in closed arms (protected zones), whereas 88.62 ± 6.04 occurred in open arms (unprotected zones). Percent distribution was characterized by a prevalence of sniffing, walking and vertical exploration. Analysis of minute-by-minute duration evidenced a decrease for time spent in open arms and central platform and an increase for time spent in closed arms. As to multiv…
Multivariate data handling in the study of rat behavior: an integrated approach.
2009
The aim of the present article is to provide a methodological description of various approaches to multivariate data handling in the study of rodent behavior. To this purpose, 42 male Wistar rats were tested in an open field, and their behavior was recorded through a digital video camera for a subsequent analysis by means of a software coder. After a preliminary evaluation of descriptive features such as durations and percent distributions, we carried out different kinds of multivariate approaches represented by stochastic, cluster, adjusted residual, and T-pattern analyses. In the attempt to depict behavior in a straightforward way, the results of each analysis were graphically illustrated…
Multivariate analysis of the modifications induced by an environmental acoustic cue on rat exploratory behavior.
2007
The aim of the present paper is to study by means of a multivariate analysis the modifications induced by an environmental acoustic cue on the structure of rat exploratory behavior. Adult male Wistar rats were observed during the exploration of a soundproof observation box. Each rat was acoustically stimulated after 150 s from the beginning of the experimental session, lasting 300 s, and recorded through a digital videocamera. A frame by frame analysis was thereafter carried out using a professional video-recording system. Thirteen behavioral patterns were selected: immobility, immobile-sniffing, walking, rearing, climbing, chewing, paw-licking, face-grooming, body-grooming, head-turning, t…
Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Resection of a Giant Midesophageal Diverticulum
2017
We describe a new video-assisted technique for the management of a giant midesophageal diverticulum using a single 5-cm port. It maintained the same principles of the traditional open technique as diverticulectomy, myotomy, and fundoplication. The better visualization of the main esophageal body, diverticulum, and esophagogastric junction and the better alignment of the stapler cartridge to the longitudinal axis of the esophagus are all technical factors supporting our procedure. Heavily calcified mediastinal lymph nodes and diffuse pleural adhesions are the main contraindications. However, future experiences are needed before this technique can be recommended as acceptable treatment. (C) 2…
Cholinergic Responses of Ophthalmic Arteries in M3and M5Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Knockout Mice
2009
PURPOSE. To determine the functional role of M 3 and M 5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in ophthalmic arteries using gene-targeted mice. METHODS. Muscarinic receptor gene expression was quantified in murine ophthalmic arteries using real-time PCR. To test the functional relevance of M 3 and M 5 receptors, ophthalmic arteries from mice deficient in either subtype (M3R -/- , M5R -/- , respectively) and wild-type controls were isolated, cannulated with micropipettes, and pressurized. Changes in luminal vessel diameter in response to muscarinic and nonmuscarinic receptor agonists were measured by video microscopy. RESULTS. With the use of real-time PCR, all five muscarinic receptor …
Identification of the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtype Mediating Cholinergic Vasodilation in Murine Retinal Arterioles
2011
To identify the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype that mediates cholinergic vasodilation in murine retinal arterioles.Muscarinic receptor gene expression was determined in murine retinal arterioles using real-time PCR. To assess the functional relevance of muscarinic receptors for mediating vascular responses, retinal vascular preparations from muscarinic receptor-deficient mice were studied in vitro. Changes in luminal arteriole diameter in response to muscarinic and nonmuscarinic vasoactive substances were measured by video microscopy.Only mRNA for the M(3) receptor was detected in retinal arterioles. Thus, M(3) receptor-deficient mice (M3R(-/-)) and respective wild-type controls …
Rapid palatal expansion: the role of microcirculation
2015
Transverse palate modifications fall under expansive orthopedic therapy of the upper maxilla. The only practical approach to the problem on the transverse plane is that of performing the expansion of the maxillary arch through an opening of the median palatal suture. It is important to understand the changes of the vascular network in midpalatal suture following the starting of rapid maxillary expansion. It is critical to maintain the blood supply and circulation for the osteogenesis and bone remodeling after the expansion. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of rapid orthopedic expansion (REP) at the microcirculatory level through capillaroscopic examination. METHODS: Fift…