Search results for "vineyard"
showing 10 items of 174 documents
Effectiveness of cover crops to reduce loss of soil organic matter in a rainfed vineyard
2020
Cover crops (CCs) minimize the loss of soil in permanent cropping systems where the soil is usually bare due to intense tillage or overuse of herbicides. The topsoil, the richer layer in soil organic carbon and organic matter (OM), is affected by water erosion. Nature-based solutions appear as a suitable option for sustainable farming. In this study, the effectiveness of two years of CC management to reduce the OM loss is evaluated in a rainfed vineyard in a rolling landscape (Huesca, NE Spain). Two sediment traps collected runoff over 15 months. Topsoil OM contents (1.64% and 1.60%) and sediment/soil OM enrichment ratio (2.61 and 3.07) were similar. However, the average annual rate of OM l…
Using Beerkan experiments to estimate hydraulic conductivity of a crusted loamy soil in a Mediterranean vineyard
2019
Abstract In bare soils of semi-arid areas, surface crusting is a rather common phenomenon due to the impact of raindrops. Water infiltration measurements under ponding conditions are becoming largely applied techniques for an approximate characterization of crusted soils. In this study, the impact of crusting on soil hydraulic conductivity was assessed in a Mediterranean vineyard (western Sicily, Italy) under conventional tillage. The BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) algorithm was applied to the infiltration data to obtain the hydraulic conductivity of crusted and uncrusted soils. Soil hydraulic conductivity was found to vary during the year and also spatially (i.e., ro…
Improving stock unearthing method to measure soil erosion rates in vineyards
2018
Abstract Vineyard soils experience high erosion rates compared to soils from other agricultural land uses. The high soil losses in vineyards limits the sustainability of traditional production schemes and warrants comprehensive research aimed at thwarting the main erosion processes affecting vineyard systems. However, long-term measurements, which include spatial variability of soil erosion rates at the plot scale, are uncommon, as most of the measurements have taken place either at the hillslope or watershed scales. Against this background, the stock unearthing method (SUM) can be considered a useful methodology. However, the current method falls short because it assumes that the topograph…
Authenticity Tests of White Wines From the Apold Depression
2014
Abstract This paper aims at establishing distinctive elements regarding the authenticity of the following wines from the Apold vineyard: Sauvignon blanc, Fetească regală and Chardonnay. The paper aims at reviewing the color-giving components specific to white wines. Thus, through HPLC methods, we identified and quantified phenolic compounds which, in the end, presented total values between 86.085 mg/L and 89.272 mg/L. The present study also demonstrates the authenticity of these wines through spectrophotometric methods employed to determine the color of white wines. Based on the results obtained, we established that the studied wines are authentic, as the values resulted from the calculatio…
Sensory and chemical drivers of wine minerality aroma: An application to Chablis wines
2017
The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of vineyard position on the minerality of wines and to establish relationships between minerality scores, sensory descriptors and chemical composition. Sensory analyses included minerality rating and free description performed by wine professionals under two conditions: orthonasal olfaction alone and global tasting. Chemical characterization included analysis of major and minor volatile compounds, volatile sulphur compounds, mercaptans, metals, anions and cations. Results showed a significant effect of the river bank on wine minerality scores only in the orthonasal olfaction condition, samples from the left being more mineral than those from …
An Ontology-Based Monitoring System in Vineyards of the Burgundy Region
2019
Given the France's rich wine heritage as well as its pioneering position as the world's second wine producer, the production of high quality wines plays a role of primary importance. The recent development of IOT and efficient big data processing has been shown to provide purposeful issue to permanent monitoring during the entire wine making process. Standing within this trend, we introduce in this paper an intelligent system for vineyards monitoring in the Burgundy region. The main trust of the proposed system relies on the use of the Swrl rules in WineCloud ontology. The design of the ontology is mainly based on information gathered from interviews with wine growers. In addition, sensor d…
Aroma characterization of freshly-distilled French brandies; their specificity and variability within a limited geographic area
2016
Freshly-distilled French wine brandies were evaluated by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Six brandy samples were studied, coming from two growth areas, both belonging to the same limited geographic zone, which is a homogeneous vineyard area. The GC-O methodology, using detection frequency analysis, revealed 88 olfactive areas (OAs) for which the detection frequency was ≥ 25%. OAs were then identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in electron and chemical ionization modes and semi-quantified by internal normalization using gas-chromatography with flame ionization detection. Co-eluting species were separated by multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfacto…
Wine Tourism and On-Site Wine Sales
2013
The concept of oenotourism first appeared in the 1980s and was really developed in the 1990s although action relating to this type of tourism and vineyard visits had already begun to take place in several viticultural regions. One dimension of wine tourism is linked with the organisation of trips and the reception of visitors. In this aspect, France became a pioneer when the first Route des Vins was created in 1934 in Burgundy, followed by the Routes des Vins (wine roads) of Alsace and Champagne in 1953. This model was adopted and enhanced in Europe, followed by other great viticultural regions of the world, in particular the United States (Robert Mondavi’s objective was to educate the publ…
Effects of traditional and light pruning on viticultural and oenological performance of bobal and tempranillo vineyards
2015
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: Light pruning may improve vine yield and quality although vineyard responses are variable. We assessed the effects of traditional manual pruning and mechanical light pruning on the viticultural and oenological performance of <em>Vitis vinifera </em>cv. Bobal and cv. Tempranillo.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: During 2008-2011, Bobal and Tempranillo vineyards underwent traditional pruning or light pruning. The effects of both pruning techniques were determined in vine vigour and yield, and grape and wine characteristics. Both cultivars responde…
Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds in White Wines From the Apold Vineyard
2014
Abstract Wines contain a wide range of aromatic compounds, each having its share in the characterization of the end product. This paper aims at highlighting the phenolic compounds that are present in three types of wine from the Apold Vineyard, compounds that have been determined by modern chromatographic methods. Anthocyanins, flavans, flavones and flavonoids, phenolic acids and microphenolic compounds have been determined in three wines: Pinot gris, Neuburger and Furmint. The results have led to the characterization of these wines and their classification according to the parameters acknowledged by the international authorities.