Search results for "viral"
showing 10 items of 2737 documents
Recommendations of the Thoracic Imaging Section of the German Radiological Society for clinical application of chest imaging and structured CT report…
2020
This information provided by the Thoracic Imaging Section of the German Radiological Society is intended to give physicians recommendations on the use of thoracic imaging procedures in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. It represents the consensus of the authors based on the previous scientific knowledge and is intended to provide guidance for unified, structured CT reporting if COVID-19 pneumonia is suspected. The recommendations presented correspond to state of knowledge at the time of print and will be updated according to the results of ongoing and future scientific studies. KEY POINTS:: · COVID-19. · chest imaging. · German Radiological Society. CITATION FORMAT: · Vogel-Clau…
Epidemiological Measures in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
2020
BACKGROUND: The various epidemiological indicators used to communicate the impact of COVID-19 have different strengths and limitations. METHODS: We conducted a selective literature review to identify the indicators used and to derive appropriate definitions. We calculated crude and age-adjusted indicators for selected countries. RESULTS: The proportion of deaths (case fatality proportion [CFP]; number of deaths/total number of cases) is commonly used to estimate the severity of a disease. If the CFP is used for purposes of comparison, the existence of heterogeneity in the detection and registration of cases and deaths has to be taken into account. In the early phase of an epidemic, when cas…
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load, IFNλ Polymorphisms and the Course of COVID-19: An Observational Study
2020
The course of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic to a multiorgan disease. In this observational study, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects with defined outcomes, evaluating the relationship between viral load and single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes codifying for IFN&lambda
Optimization of hepatitis C virus screening strategies by birth cohort in Italy
2020
Abstract Background and Aims Cost‐effective screening strategies are needed to make hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination a reality. We determined if birth cohort screening is cost‐effective in Italy. Methods A model was developed to quantify screening and healthcare costs associated with HCV. The model‐estimated prevalence of undiagnosed HCV was used to calculate the antibody screens needed annually, with a €25 000 cost‐effectiveness threshold. Outcomes were assessed under the status quo and a scenario that met the World Health Organization's targets for elimination of HCV. The elimination scenario was assessed under five screening strategies. Results A graduated birth cohort screening strat…
Cost effectiveness of peginterferon α-2b plus ribavirin versus interferon α-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C
2003
Background: Peginterferon α-2b plus ribavirin therapy in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C yields the highest sustained virological response rates of any treatment strategy but is expensive. Aims: To estimate the cost effectiveness of treatment with peginterferon α-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon α-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Methods: Individual patient level data from a randomised clinical trial with peginterferon plus ribavirin were applied to a previously published and validated Markov model to project lifelong clinical outcomes. Quality of life and economic estimates were based on German patient data. We u…
Effektivität einer universellen Varizellen-Schutzimpfung in Deutschland: Eine epidemiologische und gesundheitsökonomische Analyse
2006
Varicella is a highly contagious viral disease which mainly affects young children and usually is perceived as infection with a mild disease course. However, there is increasing evidence indicating that the morbidity and mortality as well as the economic impact associated with varicella are significant. While universal childhood vaccination against varicella is currently not recommended in Germany, the availability of safe and efficacious vaccines offers the opportunity for preventive intervention. Detailed and reliable data on the consequences of varicella and the possible impact of a universal vaccination program are missing to date for Germany. In order to generate this information, we c…
Biological activity of 2-phenylethanol and its derivatives
1973
The biosynthesis of herpesvirus DNA in rabbit kidney cells is inhibited to 50% by PEA (2-Phenylethanol) at 0.65 mg PEA/ml. The inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis in uninfected cells by PEA is about twice as sensitive as that of viral DNA synthesis.
Defizite bei der Erfassung transplantationsrelevanter Daten in Deutschland
2011
Collection of data in transplantation medicine is required to define ethical standards, to assess indications and contra-indications and to determine rules for organ allocation. Similarly, assessment of quality of the transplantation process and practice of transplantation centres requires relevant data in transplantation medicine. Apart from data in quality reports, Eurotransplant and organ procurement, any form of data collection is lacking in Germany. In this article the problems caused by this shortcoming are described.
Experts' opinions on the role of liver biopsy in HCV infection: A Delphi survey by the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists (A.I.G.O.)
2005
Background/Aims: Liver biopsy represents the gold standard to establish a diagnosis in all liver patients, but its current position in chronic viral hepatitis is questioned. We aimed to create a consensus on best practice of use of liver biopsy in the management of chronic HCV infection. Methods: We applied the Delphi method to 12 clinical scenarios of chronic HCV infection, to assess the extent of agreement (consensus measurement) and to resolve disagreement (consensus development) on the appropriateness of liver biopsy. Results: Among 108 chosen hepatologists, 61 (56.5%) accepted to participate to the first-round survey. In four patients the majority of experts (from 61.4 to 86.2%) agreed…