Search results for "viruses"
showing 10 items of 1182 documents
Processing and MHC class I presentation of human cytomegalovirus pp65-derived peptides persist despite gpUS2–11-mediated immune evasion
2007
Immune control of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection can be mediated by CD8+cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Adoptive transfer of antiviral CTL confers protection against HCMV reactivation and disease. The tegument protein pp65 and the immediate-early 1 protein (IE1) are recognized to be major CTL targets, even though during productive infection the viral immunoevasion proteins gpUS2–11 act to suppress major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted antigen presentation. Thus it was not clear how infected cells could be labelled with antigenic peptides in the face of immunoevasion. We show here that the immunodominant peptide pp65NLVwas presented by MHC class I in cells infected…
Baculovirus-mediated periadventitial gene transfer to rabbit carotid artery
2000
Recombinant Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (AcMNPV) have recently been shown to transduce mammalian cells in vitro. Since baculoviruses offer many advantages over viruses currently used in gene therapy, we have tested them for in vivo gene transfer by constructing a baculovirus bearing a nuclear targeted beta-galactosidase marker gene (LacZ) under a CMV promoter. Both rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells (RAASMC) and human ECV-304 cells were susceptible to LacZ-baculovirus transduction. Transgene expression was evaluated in vivo by applying 1 x 10(9) p.f.u. of LacZ-baculoviruses or LacZ-adenoviruses in a silastic collar placed around rabbit carotid arteries in the…
Role of individual's T cell immunome in controlling HIV-1 progression
2014
Viral and host factors can influence HIV-1 progression, among them human leucocyte antigen (HLA) has shown the strongest effect. However, studies on the functional contribution of HLA in controlling HIV progression toward AIDS are limited by multiple issues, including the viral strain variability within the study subjects. In this study, in a cohort of children infected with a monophyletic strain (CRF02_AG) during an outbreak, we evaluated the HIV-1 Gag, Vif, Vpr, Tat and hepatitis C virus E1/E2 (as control) proteins circulating in a cohort for the capability to be presented by the HLA molecules in the same population. A total of 70 Non-progressors and 37 Progressors to AIDS were evaluated.…
Failure to detect genomic viral sequences in pancreatic tissues from two children with acute-onset diabetes mellitus.
1994
Two cases of fatal, acute-onset, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children were diagnosed. Epidemiologic and serologic studies, as well as histologic analysis of pancreatic tissue in fatal viral infections, support the contention that a viral infection could cause beta cell destruction, leading to IDDM. The presence of nucleic acid sequences from viral agents considered to be potentially diabetogenic, specifically, cytomegalovirus and mumps, rubella, and coxsackie viruses, were investigated in the pancreatic tissues by reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot hybridization. Total pancreatic RNAs extracted from five children who died…
Effects of Ribavirin Dose Reduction vs Erythropoietin for Boceprevir-Related Anemia in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection—A…
2013
International audience; Background & AimsTreatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with boceprevir, peginterferon, and ribavirin can lead to anemia, which has been managed by reducing ribavirin dose and/or erythropoietin therapy. We assessed the effects of these anemia management strategies on rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) and safety.MethodsPatients (n = 687) received 4 weeks of peginterferon and ribavirin followed by 24 or 44 weeks of boceprevir (800 mg, 3 times each day) plus peginterferon and ribavirin. Patients who became anemic (levels of hemoglobin approximately ≤10 g/dL) during the study treatment period (n = 500) were assigned to groups that were managed by ribavi…
VISMapper
2018
Ultra-fast exhaustive cartography of viral insertion sites for gene therapy.
Aerosol filtration efficiency of household materials for homemade face masks: Influence of material properties, particle size, particle electrical ch…
2020
As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the widespread daily use of face masks is promoted worldwide. Particle-size dependent filtration efficiencies (FE; dp = 30 nm–10 µm), applying a particle counting approach, and additionally pressure drops (Δp) were determined for 44 samples of household materials and several medical masks. Huge FE differences were found between sample materials and for different particle sizes, spanning from <10% up to almost 100%. Minimum FE were determined for dp = 50–500 nm particles with significantly larger values for dp = 30 nm particles and especially for those with dp > 2.5 µm. Measurements at different numbers of layers…
Efficient Vacuum-Deposited Perovskite Solar Cells with Stable Cubic FA 1– x MA x PbI 3
2020
Preparation of black formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) requires high temperature annealing and the incorporation of smaller A-site cations, such as methylammonium (MA+), cesium or rubidium. A major advantage of vacuum processing is the possibility to deposit perovskite films at room temperature (RT), without any annealing step. Here we demonstrate stabilization of the cubic perovskite phase at RT, in a three-sources co-sublimation method. We found that the MA+ incorporation is a self-limiting process, where the amount of MA+ which is incorporated in the perovskite is essentially unvaried with increasing MAI deposition rate. In this way a phase-pure, cubic perovskite with a bandgap of 1.53 …
Routine preparation of air-dried negatively stained and unstained specimens on holey carbon support films: a review of applications.
2002
Several representative examples are given of the successful application of negative staining across the holes of holey carbon support films using 5% (w/v) ammonium molybdate solution containing trehalose. The inclusion of 0.1% (w/v) trehalose is considered to be most satisfactory, although good data have also been obtained in the presence of 0.01 and 1.0% (w/v) trehalose. The examples given fall into the following groups: protein molecules in the absence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), protein molecules in the presence of PEG (Mr 1000), lipoproteins, lipids and membranes, filaments and tubules, viruses in the absence of PEG, viruses in the presence of PEG, aqueous polymer solutions, and final…
The effect of annealing temperature and time on synthesis of graphene thin films by rapid thermal annealing
2015
In this paper, we performed synthesis of graphene thin films by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of thin nickel copper (Ni/Cu) layers deposited on spectroscopic graphite as a carbon source. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of annealing temperature and annealing time on formation and quality of synthesized graphene films. Raman spectroscopy study showed that annealing at lower temperatures results in formation of monolayer graphene films, while annealing at higher temperatures results in formation of multilayer graphene films. We used Raman mapping to determine the distribution of graphene sheets. Surface morphology of graphene thin films was investigated by atomic force microscopy and s…