Search results for "void"

showing 10 items of 435 documents

When scary messages backfire: Influence of dispositional cognitive avoidance on the effectiveness of threat communications

2010

We examined whether individual differences in cognitive avoidance influence the effectiveness of threat communications in changing attitudes and intentions regarding health-promoting behaviors. Two-hundred ninety-seven participants completed a measure of dispositional cognitive avoidance and read either a high or a low threat communication. We found that after a high threat message, low cognitive avoiders reported more favorable attitudes toward and intentions to adopt the action recommendation than high cognitive avoiders. The recommended response was appraised more positively by high cognitive avoiders after the low threat message than after the high threat message. Exactly the opposite p…

Coping (psychology)Social PsychologyCognitive avoidanceCognitionPsychologyModerationSocial psychologyGeneral PsychologyJournal of Research in Personality
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A Review of Psychopathology Features, Personality, and Coping in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.

2018

International audience; Background: The last literature review on psychopathological features in Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 had been conducted by Ambrosini and Nurnberg in 1979. Since that date, many researches had been carried out.Objective: The aim of this study is (i) to systematically obtain and evaluate the relevant literature on psychopathological features, personality, and coping in individuals with adult phenotypes of Myotonic Dystrophy type 1. (ii) To summarize current research findings and draw conclusions for future research.Methods: A systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, PubPsych, PsycInfo, Science Direct, and Scopus covering the period of January 1979 to July 2017.Results:…

Coping (psychology)media_common.quotation_subjectPopulation[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyemotionReviewAvoidant personality disorderMyotonic dystrophyDysphoria03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAdaptation PsychologicalmedicinePersonalityHumansMyotonic DystrophyMyotonic dystrophy 1educationSocial Behaviormedia_commoneducation.field_of_study[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behaviorDepressionmedicine.diseasepsychopathologyPersonality disorders030227 psychiatry3. Good healthpsychopathology.NeurologypersonalityNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychopathologyClinical psychologyJournal of neuromuscular diseases
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Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Experience in Close Relationship Scale 12 (ECR-12): An exploratory structural equation modeling…

2019

The Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR) is one of the most commonly used self-report instruments of adult attachment and has been widely adopted in psychotherapy research. Composed of two subscales, namely Attachment Avoidance and Anxiety, the ECR was recently shortened to a 12-items version, called the ECR-12. Given the importance of extending knowledge on its applicability in understudied populations, our aim was to validate the ECR-12 in a large sample of Italian native-speakers. A total of 1197 participants (73.2% females; mean age=28.53±11.37 years) completed the ECR-12. Each participant also completed other measures of attachment, psychopathology, interpersonal distress, cop…

Coping styleslcsh:BF1-990ECR-12Interpersonal communicationPsychological distressAttachment anxiety; Attachment avoidance; Coping styles; ECR-12; Psychological distressStructural equation modelingArticleCronbach's alphaSettore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia ClinicamedicineAttachment anxiety; Attachment avoidance; ECR- 12; Psychological distress; Coping stylesPsychological distreDiscriminant validitySettore M-PSI/03 - PsicometriaAttachment avoidanceCoping stylePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyDistresslcsh:PsychologyECR- 12Attachment anxietyClose relationshipAnxietymedicine.symptomPsychologyhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsClinical psychologyPsychopathology
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Impact of cosmic inhomogeneities on SNe observations

2009

We study the impact of cosmic inhomogeneities on the interpretation of SNe observations. We build an inhomogeneous universe model that can confront supernova data and yet is reasonably well compatible with the Copernican Principle. Our model combines a relatively small local void, that gives apparent acceleration at low redshifts, with a meatball model that gives sizeable lensing (dimming) at high redshifts. Together these two elements, which focus on different effects of voids on the data, allow the model to mimic the concordance model.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)media_common.quotation_subjectgr-qcCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyCosmologysymbols.namesakeObservational cosmology0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsmedia_commonPhysicsCOSMIC cancer database010308 nuclear & particles physicsCopernican principleRedshiftUniverseLocal Voidsymbolsastro-ph.COAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Three-state Landau-Zener model in the presence of dissipation

2019

A population transfer based on adiabatic evolutions in a three-state system undergoing an avoided crossing is considered. The efficiency of the process is analyzed in connection with the relevant parameters, bringing to light an important role of the phases of the coupling constants. The role of dissipation is also taken into account, focusing on external decays that can be described by effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Though the population transfer turns out to be quite sensitive to the decay processes, for very large decay rates the occurrence of a Zeno-phenomenon allows for restoring a very high efficiency.

Coupling constantPhysicsQuantum PhysicsAvoided crossingFOS: Physical sciencesPopulation transferState (functional analysis)Dissipation01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasConnection (mathematics)Landau-ZenerQuantum electrodynamicsadiabatic evolution0103 physical sciencesopen systemStandard linear solid modelQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAdiabatic processPhysical Review A
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From putative genes to temperament and culture: Cultural characteristics of the distribution of dominant affective temperaments in national studies

2010

Abstract Background Affective temperaments may carry distinct evolutionary advantages both on the individual or a group level, so we can expect that in different cultural and national samples the frequency of dominant affective temperaments will show characteristic differences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of distribution of dominant affective temperaments in different national studies of general non-clinical population. Method In our study we included six studies published in different countries around the world (Argentina, Germany, Hungary, Korea, Portugal, and Lebanon) which investigated a large sample of non-clinical population using TEMPS-A, and r…

Cross-Cultural ComparisonHyperthymic temperamentPersonality Inventorymedia_common.quotation_subjectCulturePopulationAffect (psychology)Developmental psychologyHumansPersonalityHofstede's cultural dimensions theoryTemperamenteducationmedia_commonUncertainty avoidanceeducation.field_of_studyCultural CharacteristicsCross-cultural studiesCyclothymic DisorderIrritable MoodAffectPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyTemperamentPsychologyPersonalityJournal of Affective Disorders
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A Cross-Cultural Perspective on the Privacy Calculus

2017

The “privacy calculus” approach to studying online privacy implies that willingness to engage in disclosures on social network sites (SNSs) depends on evaluation of the resulting risks and benefits. In this article, we propose that cultural factors influence the perception of privacy risks and social gratifications. Based on survey data collected from participants from five countries (Germany [ n = 740], the Netherlands [ n = 89], the United Kingdom [ n = 67], the United States [ n = 489], and China [ n = 165]), we successfully replicated the privacy calculus. Furthermore, we found that culture plays an important role: As expected, people from cultures ranking high in individualism found i…

Cultural StudiesUncertainty avoidanceKnowledge managementSocial networkbusiness.industryCommunication05 social sciencesInternet privacy050801 communication & media studies050109 social psychologyPrivacy calculuslcsh:P87-96Computer Science Applicationslcsh:Communication. Mass mediaIndividualism0508 media and communicationsSelf-disclosureCross-cultural0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSocial mediaSociologybusinessSocial capitalSocial Media + Society
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Influences of culture, geography and infrastructure on website localization decisions

2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the role played by culture, geography and infrastructure on European airline's decision to launch market‐specific websites.Design/methodology/approachLogistic regression analysis based on 440 observations of home‐target country dyads collected from websites of nine European airlines, and supplemented by additional sources of macro level indicators. The unit of analysis is the country dyad.FindingsCultural distance between home and target country, geographical distance between home and target country, website traffic volumes originating from target country, demand conditions in target country, and competition intensity in target country all infl…

Cultural StudiesUncertainty avoidanceSociology and Political ScienceOrganizational cultureUnit of analysisCompetition (economics)IndividualismGeographyGeographical distanceWebsite localizationHofstede's cultural dimensions theoryVDP::Social science: 200::Library and information science: 320::Information and communication systems: 321MarketingVDP::Social science: 200::Economics: 210::Business: 213Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal
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Social transmission in the wild can reduce predation pressure on novel prey signals

2021

Funder: Suomen Kulttuurirahasto (Finnish Cultural Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003125

DYNAMICS0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineINFORMATIONBehavioural ecologyAVOIDANCEGeneral Physics and AstronomyPREFERENCESALTERNATIVE PREYEvolutionary ecology01 natural sciencesConformityPredationlaw.inventionlaw/631/181/2481kulttuurievoluutioPasseriformesCOLORATIONcultural evolutionsinitiainenmedia_commoneducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybiologyEcologyCyanistesQarticlebehavioural ecologyCONFORMITYtalitiainenBiological Evolutionsosiaalinen oppiminen/631/158/856evoluutioekologiaTransmission (mechanics)/631/158/8571181 Ecology evolutionary biologycoevolution/631/181/1403media_common.quotation_subjectSciencePopulationCultural evolutioneläinten käyttäytyminen010603 evolutionary biologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesGREGARIOUSNESSAvoidance LearningJuvenileAnimalsSelection GeneticeducationEvolutionary dynamicsSocial BehaviorParusGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationBLACKBIRDSPrunus dulcisEVOLUTIONsaalistusUnited Kingdom030104 developmental biologyPredatory Behaviorevolutionary ecologyRemote Sensing TechnologyVocalization AnimalCoevolutionNature Communications
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Architettura in alzato. Questioni di territorio, paesaggio, ambiente

2021

Negata alla tipologia l’architettura del Sud nel saggio riconosce una specifica identità e perfetta eccezionalità nell’essenza del luogo. Se la facciata istituisce un rapporto con l’estetica del paesaggio, i temi che essa sottende definiscono altre significative relazioni. L’ordinamento logico delle membrature, la chiarezza geometrica e il rigore dei rapporti rimandano ad una architettura che si misura, ed è misura stessa, del territorio e della sua morfologia. A sua volta, lo spessore della facciata esprime la relazione con l’ambiente e interpreta in maniera poetica i condizionamenti climatici, intervenendo sul controllo della luce, sui vuoti nei paramenti murari, sulla determinazione dell…

Denied to typology Southern architecture in the essay recognizes a specific identity and perfect exceptionality in the essence of the place. If the facade establishes a relationship with the aesthetics of the landscape the underlying themes define other significant relationships. The logical ordering of the members the geometric clarity and the rigor of the relationships refer to an architecture that is measured and is a measure itself of the territory and its morphology. In turn the thickness of the facade expresses the relationship with the environment and interprets the climatic conditions in a poetic way intervening on the control of light on the voids in the wall faces on the determination of the shadow. In this way facade-proportion-thickness with the corresponding terms of landscape-territory-environment relationship define a double triad attributable to patterns and features typical of southern Italy and which however also belong to other southern Europe.Settore ICAR/14 - Composizione Architettonica E Urbana
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