Search results for "volume"
showing 10 items of 1932 documents
Effects of allergen exposure on methacholine and AMP-induced air trapping in pollen-sensitive subjects
2011
Summary Background The effect of pro-inflammatory stimuli on bronchoconstrictor-induced air trapping has not been studied. Objective To determine the effect of natural allergen exposure, a pro-inflammatory stimulus, on methacholine- and adenosine 5′-monophospate (AMP)-induced air trapping. Methods Airway responsiveness to methacholine and AMP before and during the pollen season was obtained in 25 subjects with pollen allergy and in 10 healthy controls. The response was expressed by the sensitivity (PC 20 value) and by the slope and intercept of the FVC values recorded at each step of the challenge against the corresponding FEV 1 values. Results The slope and intercept FVC versus FEV 1 value…
Optical noninvasive monitoring of skin blood pulsations
2005
Time-resolved detection and analysis of skin backscattered optical signals (remission photoplethysmography or PPG) provide rich information on skin blood volume pulsations and can serve for reliable cardiovascular assessment. Single- and multiple-channel PPG concepts are discussed. Simultaneous data flow from several locations on the human body allows us to study heartbeat pulse-wave propagation in real time and to evaluate vascular resistance. Portable single-, dual-, and four-channel PPG monitoring devices with special software have been designed for real-time data acquisition and processing. The prototype devices have been clinically studied, and their potential for monitoring heart arrh…
Comparison between once a day vs twice a day G-CSF for mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) in normal donors for allogeneic PBPC …
1998
Despite the wide use of G-CSF for mobilization of PBPC the best dose and schedule of G-CSF has not been definitively established. In this study we have compared three different schedules of G-CSF for mobilization of PBPC in normal donors including a single daily dose of 10 microg/kg/day for 5 days (21 donors) and doses of 6 (21 donors) or 8 microg/kg/12 h (6 donors) for 5 days. We demonstrate that G-CSF at doses of 6 and 8 microg/kg/12 h mobilizes significantly more CD34+ cells/ml of blood (83.3 +/- 6.7 and 121 +/- 6.9, respectively) than 10 microg/kg/day (71.6 +/- 6.5). Mobilization with 6 or 8 microg/kg/12 h of G-CSF was also associated with collection of significantly more CD34+ cells in…
Association between reduced lymphocyte beta-adrenergic receptors and left ventricular dysfunction in young obese subjects
1994
This study was designed to evaluate total (t) and surface (s) beta-adrenergic receptors (BAR) density and their relationships with left ventricular function in young obese subjects. BAR density, plasma insulin, catecholamines and left ventricular function were evaluated in 27 young obese subjects (BMI30.5 kg/m2 for males and27.3 kg/m2 for females) without other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (smoking, hypertension, diabetes and lipid abnormalities) and in 20 lean controls (BMI25 kg/m2 for males and24.7 kg/m2 for females). Both groups were matched for gender, age and body height. BAR density was evaluated according to Böyum and De Blasi methods. Plasma catecholamines by high perfus…
Mandibular connective tissue pedicle flaps in implant dentistry: report of three cases.
2007
Abstract An increase in soft tissues and alveolar bone in the anterior mandibular area between the canines is necessary to achieve a good esthetic result. The present article describes a technique for gaining bone volume and soft tissue to cover bone defects that would otherwise compromise the final result of prosthetic implant restoration in the anterior mandible. Three patients with anterior mandibular atrophy caused by loss of the mandibular incisors are presented. Particulate autologous bone grafting, the raising of a pediculate connective tissue flap to increase soft tissue, and implant placement were carried out simultaneously. After 2 years of follow-up, the implants were in good cli…
A Bayesian Method for Predicting 5‐Fluorouracil Pharmacokinetic Parameters Following Short‐Term Infusion in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
2003
Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model and validate it using a Bayesian approach for predicting, a priori and a posteriori , the individual volume of distribution ( V d ) and clearance ( Cl ) of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) given as short‐term intravenous infusion in weekly and multiple doses. Forty‐four patients were divided in group A (5‐FU weekly doses) including 27 patients with nonmetastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with 450 mg/m 2 of 5‐FU, 1 day per week for 48 doses, plus oral levamisol (50 mg/8 h) for 3 days, every 15 days and group B (5‐FU multiple doses) including 17 patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, receiving 5‐F…
Sublingual administration of captopril versus nitroglycerin in patients with severe congestive heart failure.
1990
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition has proven to be a successful approach for the long-term treatment of patients with congestive heart failure. This investigation compared the acute hemodynamic changes after sublingual administration of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril with those after nitroglycerin. A total of 24 patients with severe left heart failure (New York Heart Association classes III and IV) were given 25 mg captopril and 0.8 mg nitroglycerin sublingually in this randomized, cross-over study. Hemodynamic monitoring revealed a clear improvement in pre- and afterload parameters for both drugs (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.001), while captopril induce…
Serial echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction measurements: A tool for detecting thalassemia major patients at risk of cardiac death
2013
Cardiac damage remains a major cause of mortality among patients with thalassemia major. The detection of a lower cardiac magnetic resonance T2* (CMR-T2*) signal has been suggested as a powerful predictor of the subsequent development of heart failure. However, the lack of worldwide availability of CMR-T2* facilities prevents its widespread use for follow-up evaluations of cardiac function in thalassemia major patients, warranting the need to assess the utility of other possible procedures. In this setting, the determination of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) offers an accurate and reproducible method for heart function evaluation. These findings suggest a reduction in LVEF≥7%, ov…
Effect of acute systemic hypoxia on human cutaneous microcirculation and endothelial, sympathetic and myogenic activity
2015
The regulation of cutaneous vascular tone impacts vascular vasomotion and blood volume distribution as a challenge to hypoxia, but the regulatory mechanisms yet remain poorly understood. A skin has a very compliant circulation, an increase in skin blood flow results in large peripheral displacement of blood volume, which could be controlled by local and systemic regulatory factors. The aim of this study was to determine the acute systemic hypoxia influence on blood flow in skin, local regulatory mechanism fluctuations and changes of systemic hemodynamic parameters. Healthy subjects (n=11; 24.9±3.7years old) participated in this study and procedures were performed in siting position. After 2…
Effects of extra-fine inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol on both large and small airways in asthma
2010
BACKGROUND: Airway inflammation in asthma involves both large and small airways, and the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) is the mainstay of therapy. Available inhaled combinations differ in terms of drug delivery to the lung and the ability to reach small airways. Aim: To evaluate whether treatment with an extra-fine inhaled combination provides additional effects vs a nonextra-fine combination on airway function. METHODS: After a 1- to 4-week run-in period, patients with asthma were randomized to a double blind, double dummy, 12-week treatment with either extra-fine beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/F) 400/24 microg daily or fluticasone prop…