Search results for "vulnerability"
showing 10 items of 407 documents
Environmental enrichment reverts the effects of continuous or intermittent perinatal alcohol exposure. Focus on alcohol vulnerability and affectivity…
2015
Alcohol consumption during perinatal periods is common, despite the warning of adverse effects on the foetal development. In female rats, the intermittent pattern of alcohol consumption is responsible for higher drinking levels and more profound disruption of maternal care than traditional continuous free-access paradigm, which can have persistent effects on the offspring. The environmental enrichment, a powerful form of experience-dependent plasticity that allows high cognitive, motor and sensory stimulations, is helpful for recovering from different neurological pathologies. Thus, this study aimed at exploring the effects of environmental enrichment on alcohol vulnerability and affective …
Antropocene e democrazia
2019
The Anthropocene and its problems unveil and exacerbate some vulnerabilities of democratic theory and practice, particular in its liberal version. Both liberal democracies’ failures and their most promising attempts at managing these problems expose them to powerful legitimacy challenges. The Anthropocene is thus for liberal democracies what Scylla and Carybdis were for Ulysses and his crew: a predicament whereby whichever direction is chosen will lead to serious difficulties and risks, and possibly to significant damages and losses.
A matter of style? testing the moderating effect of driving styles on the relationship between job strain and work-related crashes of professional dr…
2020
Abstract Different empirical studies suggest that both job strain and driving styles are significant contributors to the work-related traffic crashes suffered by professional drivers. Nevertheless, the current evidence falls considerably short when explaining why driving styles may modify (or not) the relationship between occupational stressors and professional drivers’ safety outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine whether driving styles moderate the effect of job strain on professional drivers’ Work Traffic Crashes (WTCs). This research was performed using the data collected from a sample of 753 professional drivers, responding to a self-report questionnaire on job strain (work str…
HISTORIC URBAN CENTERS. CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERS AND SEISMIC VULNERABILITY
2018
Parallelamente alla redazione di una micro-zonazione sismica che evidenzi le differenti risposte al sisma che i vari ambiti offrono in termini di amplificazione delle onde sismiche al suolo, in relazione alla stratigrafia e all’orografia del terreno, si rivela fondamentale conoscere e prevedere gli effetti di un sisma sul sistema urbano. È fondamentale quindi effettuare un’analisi del patrimonio costruito esistente al fine di conoscerne le caratteristiche, valutarne il livello di vulnerabilità ed individuare una scala di priorità di intervento, approfondendo in particolare l’indagine sui centri storici, contesti di particolare complessità, interesse storico e potenziale vulnerabilità. A par…
CATASTROPHES AND BUILDING ABUSES
2012
The contributions analyze the land's vulnerability and abusive built's vulnerability. It describes the risks related to natural and artificial disasters and also investigates the use of appropriate technologies to protect and preserve the existing assets.
Stochastic Vulnerability Assessment of Masonry Structures: Concepts, Modeling and Restoration Aspects
2019
A methodology aiming to predict the vulnerability of masonry structures under seismic action is presented herein. Masonry structures, among which many are cultural heritage assets, present high vulnerability under earthquake. Reliable simulations of their response to seismic stresses are exceedingly difficult because of the complexity of the structural system and the anisotropic and brittle behavior of the masonry materials. Furthermore, the majority of the parameters involved in the problem such as the masonry material mechanical characteristics and earthquake loading characteristics have a stochastic-probabilistic nature. Within this framework, a detailed analytical methodological approac…
We made it to Germany … and now? Interdependent risks of vulnerability for refugees in a high-income country
2023
Refugees are perceived as a category of people that are ‘vulnerable’ per se. However, once they have arrived in (high-income) hosting countries and are supported by a welfare state, vulnerability needs to be rethought, as they face new challenges and potential sources of inequality. In this paper, we have measured vulnerability as the probability of experiencing jointly three interdependent risks: social isolation, financial worries and poor health. For this purpose, we estimated a trivariate logit model to evaluate how individual and household characteristics are associated with vulnerability and also made inferences regarding the residual association between pairs of risks, conditionally …
Temperature-related mortality impacts under and beyond Paris Agreement climate change scenarios.
2018
The Paris Agreement binds all nations to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change, with the commitment to hold warming well below 2 degrees C in global mean temperature (GMT), relative to pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit warming to 1.5 degrees C. The 1.5 degrees C limit constitutes an ambitious goal for which greater evidence on its benefits for health would help guide policy and potentially increase the motivation for action. Here we contribute to this gap with an assessment on the potential health benefits, in terms of reductions in temperature-related mortality, derived from the compliance to the agreed temperature targets, compared to more extreme warmin…
A new hybrid procedure for the definition of seismic vulnerability in Mediterranean cross-border urban areas
2016
Assessment of seismic vulnerability of urban areas provides fundamental information for activities of planning and management of emergencies. The main difficulty encountered when extending vulnerability evaluations to urban contexts is the definition of a framework of assessment appropriate for the specific characteristics of the site and providing reliable results with a reasonable duration of surveys and post-processing of data. The paper proposes a new procedure merging different typologies of information recognized on the territories investigated and for this reason called “hybrid.” Knowledge of historical events influencing urban evolution and analysis of recurrent building technologie…
Analysis of the impact of intermittent distribution by modelling the network-filling process
2010
In many countries, users acquire private tanks to reduce their vulnerability to water scarcity. In such conditions, water managers often apply intermittent distribution in order to reduce the water volumes supplied to the users. This practice modifies the hydraulic behaviour of the network and determines competition among users that need to collect enough water resource for their uses. Intermittent distribution is thus responsible for the inequality that can occur among users: those located in advantaged positions of the network are able to obtain water resources soon after the service period begins, while others have to wait much longer, after the network is full. This paper analyses the i…