Search results for "waves"

showing 10 items of 1766 documents

Dust Envelope in Young Supernova Remnants

1974

As stated by Hoyle and Wickramasinghe (1970), hereafter referred to as HW, a significant fraction of the mass ejected by exploding supernovae may condense into solid particles during the expansion phase following explosion. Hence, observable effects on supernova light curves are to be expected.

PhysicsSupernovaCrab NebulaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstronomyObservableAstrophysicsExpansion phaseNear-Earth supernovaLight curveEnvelope (waves)Luminosity
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General formulae for polarization observables in deuteron electrodisintegration and linear relations

1993

Formal expressions are derived for all possible polarization observables in deuteron electrodisintegration with longitudinally polarized incoming electrons, oriented deuteron targets and polarization analysis of outgoing nucleons. They are given in terms of general structure functions which can be determined experimentally. These structure functions are Hermitean forms of theT-matrix elements which, in principle, allow the determination of allT-matrix elements up to an arbitrary common phase. Since the set of structure functions is overcomplete, linear relations among various structure functions exist which are derived explicitly.

PhysicsTheoretical physicsClassical mechanicsDeuteriumNuclear TheoryPolarization observablesStructure functionObservableElementary particleElectronPolarization (waves)NucleonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFew-Body Systems
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A topological charge selection rule for phase singularities

2009

We present a study of the dynamics and decay pattern of phase singularities due to the action of a system with a discrete rotational symmetry of finite order. A topological charge conservation rule is identified.

PhysicsTheoretical physicsRotational symmetryPhase (waves)Order (ring theory)Gravitational singularityPhysical opticsOptical vortexAction (physics)Topological quantum numberFrontiers in Optics 2009/Laser Science XXV/Fall 2009 OSA Optics & Photonics Technical Digest
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Notes on the Electroelastic Interaction in Joint Hamiltonian and Stochastic Treatment of Polarization Response

2008

Conventional Landau theory for ferroelectric phase instability is extended by entities accounting for the violation of thermodynamic equilibrium and the impact of thermal fluctuations. The physical content concerns Ginzburg-Landau type model Hamiltonians assigned to the mean field interaction of macroscopically small and microscopically large lattice cells affected by thermal fluctuations. A special topic derived in a systematic way is long range electroelastic interaction formally given by selfconsistent solution of the polarization and strain fields. Test solution for inhomogeneous strain in a slab is presented within the framework of lattice cell picture.

PhysicsThermodynamic equilibriumThermal fluctuationsCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Landau theoryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsMean field theoryQuantum mechanicsLattice (order)symbolsGinzburg–Landau theoryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Ferroelectrics
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Measurement of Top Quark Polarization in Top-Antitop Events from Proton-Proton Collisions ats=7  TeVUsing the ATLAS Detector

2013

This Letter presents measurements of the polarization of the top quark in top-antitop quark pair events, using 4: 7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the La ...

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas (topology)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPair production0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCP violationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsLeptonPhysical Review Letters
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Performances of a three-phase five-level cascaded H-bridge inverter with phase shifted B-spline based modulation techniques

2017

This paper presents a novel study of the performances of a five-level three-phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Phase Shifted B-Spline based modulation techniques. The study has been focused on the use of B-Spline functions as carrier signals in order to evaluate the performances of the converter in terms of harmonic content on the output voltage. In the first step of this analysis the THD% has been taken into account to compare the voltage waveforms. Interesting results have been found on the fundamental amplitude of the phase and line voltage. Moreover, harmonic spectra has been compared to evaluate the different harmonic distribution in the voltage waveforms. In this work th…

PhysicsTotal harmonic distortionRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentB-spline function020209 energy020208 electrical & electronic engineeringPhase (waves)Energy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyMulticarrier modulation techniqueSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciTopologyThree-phaseModulation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHarmonicMultilevel power converterWaveformHarmonic distributionVoltage
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Near-field optical contrasts in the Fresnel evanescent wave

1998

The surface waves generated by total internal reflection at the surface of a transparent material may be viewed as quasi-two-dimensional, because they decay exponentially in the direction normal to the sample surface. These waves are appropriate to analyze polarization effects associated with light confinement phenomena in near-field optics. In this paper we derive four useful analytical relations governing the near-field contrast around dielectric nanometer-sized particles versus a limited number of external parameters. In the $p$-polarized mode, unlike to what happens with the electric near field, we show that the magnitude of the magnetic near-field contrast can be adjusted by increasing…

PhysicsTotal internal reflectionEvanescent waveOpticsbusiness.industrySurface waveContrast (statistics)Near and far fieldDielectricPolarization (waves)businessPhysical Review E
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3D reconstruction of external and internal surfaces of transparent objects from polarization state of highlights

2014

A vision-based method is proposed to measure the 3D shape of external and internal surfaces (not accessible) of smooth transparent objects. Looking at the reflections of point sources on a specular surface with a polarimetric camera, we combine the measurements of two techniques: shape from distortion and shape from polarization. It permits us to recover the position and orientation of the specular surface for each detected point. The internal surface of transparent objects exhibiting as well a specular component, the same technique is used on the highlights coming from the back surface, taking into account the refraction by using polarimetric ray tracing.

PhysicsTotal internal reflectionLight transmissionbusiness.industry3D reconstructionSpecular surfacePolarimetryPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsSpecular component[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicbusinessRefractive indexthree dimensional sensing polarimetric imagingComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Imaging of test quartz gratings with a photon scanning tunneling microscope Experiment and theory

1995

We use the differential formalism of the electromagnetic theory of gratings to interpret the images of test sinusoidal or lamellar quartz gratings obtained with a photon scanning tunneling microscope. The period of the grating is 0.5 μm, and the height of the rule is 0.2 μm. It is shown that the images depend strongly on several parameters, such as polarization or angle of incidence, with respect to the ruling direction. A systematic study of the isointensity lines above the gratings as a function of polarization is presented, and it is shown that the image contrast can be increased or decreased depending on the sample–probe distance. To model the interaction of the fiber probe with the ele…

PhysicsTotal internal reflectionPhotonbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGratingPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionLight intensityOpticslawBlazed gratingPhysics::Atomic PhysicsComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionScanning tunneling microscopebusinessRefractive indexJournal of the Optical Society of America A
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Hydrodynamic equations of anisotropic, polarized and inhomogeneous superfluid vortex tangles

2008

We include the effects of anisotropy and polarization in the hydrodynamics of inhomogeneous vortex tangles, thus generalizing the well known Hall-Vinen-Bekarevich-Khalatnikov equations, which do not take them in consideration. These effects contribute to the mutual friction force ${\bf F}_{ns}$ between normal and superfluid components and to the vortex tension force $\rho_s{\bf T}$. These equations are complemented by an evolution equation for the vortex line density $L$, which takes into account these contributions. These equations are expected to be more suitable than the usual ones for rotating counterflows, or turbulence behind a cylinder, or turbulence produced by a grid of parallel th…

PhysicsTurbulenceCondensed Matter::OtherFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsTourbillonCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)VortexCylinder (engine)law.inventionSuperfluidityPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterClassical mechanicslawEvolution equationAnisotropySettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSuperfluid turbulence Liquid helium II Hydrodynamic equationsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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