Search results for "waves"

showing 10 items of 1766 documents

Radial Basis Function Interpolation for Referenceless Thermometry Enhancement

2015

MRgFUS (Magnetic Resonance guided Focused UltraSound) is a new and non-invasive technique to treat different diseases in the oncology field, that uses Focused Ultrasound (FUS) to induce necrosis in the lesion. Temperature change measurements during ultrasound thermo-therapies can be performed through magnetic resonance monitoring by using Proton Resonance Frequency (PRF) thermometry. It measures the phase variation resulting from the temperature-dependent changes in resonance frequency by subtracting one phase baseline image from actual phase. Referenceless thermometry aims to re-duce artefacts caused by tissue motion and frequency drift, fitting the back-ground phase outside the heated reg…

Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniProton resonance frequencyMaterials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFrequency driftUltrasoundPhase (waves)Magnetic resonance imagingRadial Basis Function Interpolation Referenceless Thermometry Artificial Neural Network MRgFUS.Radial basis function interpolationmedicineRadial basis functionbusinessBiomedical engineeringInterpolation
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Speeds of discontinuity waves in turbulent superfluids

2012

In this work, using a hydrodynamical model previously formulated, the possible modes of propagation of discontinuity waves in turbulent superfluids are studied in the nonlinear regimes. The field equations are written down, then the wave speeds are determined in a constant state.

Settore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaSuperfluid turbolence discontinuity wavesSettore MAT/07 - Fisica Matematica
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Cloaking In-Plane Elastic Waves with Swiss Rolls

2020

We propose a design of cylindrical cloak for coupled in-plane shear waves consisting of concentric layers of sub-wavelength resonant stress-free inclusions shaped as Swiss rolls. The scaling factor between inclusions&rsquo

Shear waveschiral elastic cloaktransformation elastodynamicsCloakingFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)lcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesArticle[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials0103 physical sciences[SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]elastodynamic cloakGeneral Materials Science[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronicslcsh:Microscopy010306 general physicslcsh:QC120-168.85Mathematical physicsPhysics[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]lcsh:QH201-278.5swiss rollslcsh:TCloakPhysics - Applied PhysicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)Physics::Classical Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWillis couplingIn planelcsh:TA1-2040lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringCosserat mediumlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologylcsh:TK1-9971Physics - Computational Physics
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XMM-Newton large programme on SN1006 - II. Thermal emission

2016

Based on the XMM-Newton large program on SN1006 and our newly developed spatially resolved spectroscopy tools (Paper~I), we study the thermal emission from ISM and ejecta of SN1006 by analyzing the spectra extracted from 583 tessellated regions dominated by thermal emission. With some key improvements in spectral analysis as compared to Paper~I, we obtain much better spectral fitting results with less residuals. The spatial distributions of the thermal and ionization states of the ISM and ejecta show different features, which are consistent with a scenario that the ISM (ejecta) is heated and ionized by the forward (reverse) shock propagating outward (inward). Different elements have differe…

Shock wave010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayAstrophysicsMethods: Data analysi01 natural sciencesSpectral linecosmic raysIonization0103 physical sciencesEjectaSupernova remnant010303 astronomy & astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesLine (formation)ISM: supernova remnantsacceleration of particlesHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAstronomyAstronomy and Astrophysicsshock wavesAstronomy and AstrophysicAcceleration of particlemethods: data analysisCosmic rayX-rays: ISMInterstellar mediumISM: Supernova remnant13. Climate actionShock waveSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Supernova remnants; Methods: Data analysis; Shock waves; X-rays: ISM; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [Acceleration of particles; Cosmic rays; ISM]
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Testing jet geometries and disc-jet coupling in the neutron star LMXB 4U 0614 + 091 with the internal shocks model

2020

Multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions of Low Mass X-ray Binaries in the hard state are determined by the emission from a jet, for frequencies up to mid-infrared, and emission from the accretion flow in the optical to X-ray range. In the last years, the flat radio-to-mid-IR spectra of Black Hole (BH) X-ray binaries was described using the internal shocks model, which assumes that the fluctuations in the velocity of the ejecta along the jet are driven by the fluctuations in the accretion flow, described by the X-ray Power Density Spectrum (PDS). In this work we attempt to apply this model for the first time to a Neutron Star (NS) LMXB, i.e. 4U 0614+091. We used the multi-wavelength d…

Shock waveAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSpectral linestars: jetsX-rays: binariesstars: neutronaccretion0103 physical sciencesEjecta010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsSpectral densityAstronomy and AstrophysicsConical surfaceshock wavesaccretion discsAccretion (astrophysics)Neutron starSpace and Planetary Scienceaccretion accretion discsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow Mass[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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The fully developed remnant of a neutrino-driven supernova: Evolution of ejecta structure and asymmetries in SNR Cassiopeia A

2020

Abridged. We aim at exploring to which extent the remnant keeps memory of the asymmetries that develop stochastically in the neutrino-heating layer due to hydrodynamic instabilities (e.g., convective overturn and the standing accretion shock instability) during the first second after core bounce. We coupled a 3D HD model of a neutrino-driven SN explosion with 3D MHD/HD simulations of the remnant formation. The simulations cover 2000 years of expansion and include all physical processes relevant to describe the complexities in the SN evolution and the subsequent interaction of the stellar debris with the wind of the progenitor star. The interaction of large-scale asymmetries left from the ea…

Shock waveAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Astrophysics01 natural sciencesShock wavesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesConvective overturnAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEjecta010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnantsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Accretion (meteorology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsSupernovae: individual: Cassiopeia AX-rays: ISMCassiopeia ASupernovaNeutron starSpace and Planetary ScienceInstabilitiesHydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Inferring possible magnetic field strength of accreting inflows in EXor-type objects from scaled laboratory experiments

2021

Aims. EXor-type objects are protostars that display powerful UV-optical outbursts caused by intermittent and powerful events of magnetospheric accretion. These objects are not yet well investigated and are quite difficult to characterize. Several parameters, such as plasma stream velocities, characteristic densities, and temperatures, can be retrieved from present observations. As of yet, however, there is no information about the magnetic field values and the exact underlying accretion scenario is also under discussion. Methods. We use laboratory plasmas, created by a high power laser impacting a solid target or by a plasma gun injector, and make these plasmas propagate perpendicularly to …

Shock waveAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesField strengthAstrophysicsstars: pre-main sequence01 natural sciencesmagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisicaaccretion0103 physical sciencesProtostarAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]accretion disksAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusPlasmashock wavesAccretion accretion disksAccretion (astrophysics)Magnetic fieldT Tauri starAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary Scienceinstabilitiesstars: individual: V1118 OriAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Numerical study of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation and dispersive shock waves

2018

A detailed numerical study of the long time behaviour of dispersive shock waves in solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) I equation is presented. It is shown that modulated lump solutions emerge from the dispersive shock waves. For the description of dispersive shock waves, Whitham modulation equations for KP are obtained. It is shown that the modulation equations near the soliton line are hyperbolic for the KPII equation while they are elliptic for the KPI equation leading to a focusing effect and the formation of lumps. Such a behaviour is similar to the appearance of breathers for the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the semiclassical limit.

Shock waveBreatherGeneral MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]0103 physical sciencesModulation (music)FOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Mathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNonlinear Schrödinger equationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsLine (formation)PhysicsKadomtsev-Petviashvili equationKadomtsev Petviashvili equatuonNonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsDispersive Shock waves010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Dispersive shock waves[ MATH.MATH-NA ] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Whitham equationsNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsLumpsKadomtsev Petviashvili equation dispersive shock wavesClassical mechanicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemssymbolsSolitonExactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Kadomtsev Petviashvili equationAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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3D MHD modeling of the expanding remnant of SN 1987A : role of magnetic field and non-thermal radio emission

2018

Aims. We investigate the role played by a pre-supernova (SN) ambient magnetic field on the dynamics of the expanding remnant of SN 1987A and the origin and evolution of the radio emission from the remnant, in particular, during the interaction of the blast wave with the nebula surrounding the SN. Methods. We model the evolution of SN 1987A from the breakout of the shock wave at the stellar surface to the expansion of its remnant through the surrounding nebula by 3D MHD simulations. The model considers the radiative cooling, the deviations from equilibrium of ionization, the deviation from temperature-equilibration between electrons and ions, and a plausible configuration of the pre-SN ambie…

Shock waveH II regionMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)shock waveAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesField strengthISM [radio continuum]AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesmagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Radio spectrumindividual: SN 1987A [supernovae]0103 physical sciencesISM [X-rays]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsBlast waveISM: supernova remnantAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Nebulasupernovae: individual: SN 1987A010308 nuclear & particles physicssupernova remnants [ISM]Astronomy and Astrophysicsshock wavesX-rays: ISMMagnetic fieldradio continuum: ISMSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Axisymmetric simulations of magnetorotational core collapse: approximate inclusion of general relativistic effects

2006

We continue our investigations of the magnetorotational collapse of stellar cores discussing simulations performed with a modified Newtonian gravitational potential that mimics general relativistic effects. The approximate TOV potential used in our simulations catches several features of fully relativistic simulations quite well. It is able to correctly reproduce the behavior of models which show a qualitative change both of the dynamics and the gravitational wave signal when switching from Newtonian to fully relativistic simulations. If this is not the case, the Newtonian and the approximate TOV models differ quantitatively. The collapse proceeds to higher densities with the approximate TO…

Shock waveMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAGravitational wavesGravitational potentialNewtonian fluidDifferential rotationPhysicsGravitational waveAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astronomy and AstrophysicsMechanicsNuclear matterStars:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Magnetic fieldSupernovaeSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldsMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ; Gravitational waves ; Stars ; Magnetic fields ; SupernovaeUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniaRelativistic quantum chemistry:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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