Search results for "waves"
showing 10 items of 1766 documents
Modeling solar and stellar flares
2003
Abstract The thermal phase of solar X-ray flares has been described as heating-triggered evolution of plasma confined in coronal loops. This paper describes how the modeling of the thermal phase of spatially resolved solar X-ray flares has been extended to investigate spatially unresolved stellar X-ray flares with different scopes, aims and perspectives. Hydrodynamic models are able to describe the evolution of global flare features, such as the X-ray light curves, and to put constraints on heating location. Based on the solar analogy, either detailed hydrodynamic models or approximate analytical descriptions of the decay of flaring coronal loops or loop systems have been extensively applie…
Implications of the Semigeostrophic Nature of Rossby Waves for Rossby Wave Packet Detection
2015
Abstract Upper-tropospheric Rossby wave packets have received increased attention recently. In most previous studies wave packets have been detected by computing the envelope of the meridional wind field using either complex demodulation or a Hilbert transform. The latter requires fewer choices to be made and appears, therefore, preferable. However, the Hilbert transform is fraught with a significant problem, namely, a tendency that fragments a single wave packet into several parts. The problem arises because Rossby wave packets show substantial deviations from the almost-plane wave paradigm, a feature that is well represented by semigeostrophic dynamics. As a consequence, higher harmonics …
Light-induced polarization effects in atoms with partially resolved hyperfine structure and applications to absorption, fluorescence, and nonlinear m…
2009
The creation and detection of atomic polarization is examined theoretically, through the study of basic optical-pumping mechanisms and absorption and fluorescence measurements, and the dependence of these processes on the size of ground- and excited-state hyperfine splittings is determined. The consequences of this dependence are studied in more detail for the case of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in the Faraday geometry (an effect requiring the creation and detection of rank-two polarization in the ground state) with alkali atoms. Analytic formulas for the optical rotation signal under various experimental conditions are presented.
Evidence for degenerate mirrorless lasing in alkali metal vapor: forward beam magneto-optical experiment
2018
We report an experimental observation of degenerate mirrorless lasing in forward direction under excitation of a dilute atomic Rb vapor with a single linearly polarized cw laser light resonant with cycling Fe > Fg atomic D2 transitions. Light polarized orthogonally to the laser light is generated for the input light intensity exceeding a threshold value of about 3 mW/cm^2. Application of a transverse magnetic field directed along the input light polarization reveals a sharp about 20 mG wide magnetic resonance centered at B = 0. Increasing the incident light intensity from 3 to 300 mW/cm^2, the generated light undergoes rapid amplitude increase followed by a decline and resonance broadeni…
A Decade in the Life of EXO 2030+375: A Multiwavelength Study of an Accreting X‐Ray Pulsar
2002
Using BATSE and RXTE observations from 1991 April to 2001 August we have detected 71 outbursts from 82 periastron passages of EXO 2030+375, a 42-second transient X-ray pulsar with a Be star companion, including several outbursts from 1993 August to 1996 April when the source was previously believed to be quiescent. Combining BATSE, RXTE, and EXOSAT data we have derived an improved orbital solution. Applying this solution results in a smooth profile for the spin-up rate during the giant outburst and results in evidence for a correlation between the spin-up rate and observed flux in the brighter BATSE outbursts. Infrared and Halpha measurements show a decline in the density of the circumstell…
The B0.5 IVe CoRoT target HD 49330. II. Spectroscopic ground-based observations
2009
International audience; Context: We present spectroscopic ground-based observations of the early Be star HD 49330 obtained simultaneously with the CoRoT-LRA1 run just before the burst observed in the CoRoT data. Aims: Ground-based spectroscopic observations of the early Be star HD 49330 obtained during the precursor phase and just before the start of an outburst allow us to disantangle stellar and circumstellar contributions and identify modes of stellar pulsations in this rapidly rotating star. Methods: Time series analysis (TSA) is performed on photospheric line profiles of He I and Si III by means of the least squares method. Results: We find two main frequencies f1 = 11.86 c d-1 and f2 …
Study of Mode Competition in the Third Harmonic Gyrotron with Inclusion of the Electron Velocity Spread and the Beam Width
2018
Influence of the electron velocity spread and the beam width on the mode competition and efficiency is investigated in the 1.185- THz third harmonic gyrotron to be used in dynamical nuclear polarization - nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP-NMR) spectrometer.
Variable delay line for phased-array antenna based on a chirped fiber grating
2000
We present a theoretical and experimental analysis of the performance of phased-array antennas steered by a single chirped fiber grating. Two approaches consisting of conventional and single-sideband (SSB) modulation techniques of the optical signal are presented in order to compare their performance and suitability for beamforming applications in microwave antennas. By using a 40-cm-long chirped grating, we measure the phase and amplitude response and calculate the corresponding radiation patterns to demonstrate wide-band operation and continuous spatial scanning properties of both configurations. SSB modulation Is presented as a real alternative to the first one offering broader operation…
Propagation of Dyakonon Wave-Packets at the Boundary of Metallodielectric Lattices
2013
We rigorously analyze the propagation of localized surface waves that takes place at the boundary between a semi-infinite layered metal-dielectric (MD) nanostructure cut normally to the layers and a isotropic medium. It is demonstrated that Dyakonov-like surface waves (also coined dyakonons) with hybrid polarization may propagate in a wide angular range. As a consequence, dyakonon-based wave-packets (DWPs) may feature sub-wavelength beamwidths. Due to the hyperbolic-dispersion regime in plasmonic crystals, supported DWPs are still in the canalization regime. The apparent quadratic beam spreading, however, is driven by dissipation effects in metal. This work was supported by the Spanish Mini…
Laser spatial profile effects in measurements of impulsive molecular alignment
2005
0953-4075; We use a non-intrusive technique based on a polarization scheme to probe the periodic alignment of the CO2 and N2 molecules induced by a strong laser pulse linearly polarized. A weak probe field experiences the birefringence resulting from the alignment of the molecules. By comparing the probe depolarization signal with the numerical simulation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, it is possible to quantify the alignment of the molecular sample. The modelling takes into account the spatial profile of the pump intensity. It allows from the alignment signal to determine the onset of saturation due to ionization, despite the intrinsic saturation of the alignment arising for a…