Search results for "wistar"
showing 10 items of 1094 documents
Transient oligemia is associated with long-term changes in binding densities of cortical inhibitory GABAA receptors in the rat brain
2009
Recently, we could demonstrate in rats that a short transient oligemic period of only 20-minute duration, induced by systemic hypotension, resulted in a transient decline of spatial memory capacities without any histological damage over a subsequent period of 6 months. In our present study, we checked for more subtle alterations within the highly vulnerable hippocampal CA1 subfield using quantification of neuronal cell density and semi-quantitative analysis of the ischemia-sensitive protein MAP2. Since hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors are crucially involved in spatial memory processes, quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiography was performed using [(3)H]M…
Dietary phytoestrogens improve stroke outcome after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
2006
As phytoestrogens are postulated as being neuroprotectants, we assessed the hypothesis that dietary isoflavone-type phytoestrogens are neuroprotective against ischemic stroke. Transient focal cerebral ischemia (90 min) was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) following the intraluminal thread technique, both in rats fed with soy-based diet and in rats fed with isoflavone-free diet. Cerebro-cortical laser-Doppler flow (cortical perfusion, CP), arterial blood pressure, core temperature, PaO2, PaCO2, pH and glycemia were measured before, during and after MCAO. Neurological examination and infarct volume measurements were carried out 3 days after the ischemic insult. Dietary isofl…
Pravastatin treatment causes a shift in the balance of hippocampal neurotransmitter binding densities towards inhibition
2009
Since pravastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has recently been shown to reduce infarct volumes and glutamate release in a rat model of ischemic stroke, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether this neuroprotective effect may be due to a modulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors. Therefore, Wistar rats were treated six times in 4 days with pravastatin or saline and allowed to survive for 6 hours or 5 days (n=10 per time point and group), respectively. Using quantitative receptor autoradiography, ligand binding densities of [(3)H]MK-801, [(3)H]AMPA, and [(3)H]muscimol for labeling of NMDA, AMPA, and GABA(A) receptors were analyzed in sensorimotor c…
Partition of oleic acid between the lymph and portal blood in rats having a diverted bile–pancreatic duct
1996
AbstractThe present study examines the suggestion that in the absence of adequate bile and pancreatic juice, which support the absorption from the gut of long-chain fatty acidsinto lymph, the fatty acids are absorbed directly into the portal blood. Oleic acid (18:l) partitioning between lymph and portal blood was investigated in intact and bile- and pancreatic juice-diverted rats. In a first set of experiments, 18: 1 absorption from the gut into lymph and blood was studied by continuous recovery of the mesenteric lymph for 6 h and mesenteric portal venous blood for 1 h. In a second set of experiments, esterification processes were investigated by study of the mucosal distribution of labelle…
Early-onset tolerance in rat global cerebral ischemia induced by a mitochondrial inhibitor
2000
It was studied whether a subtoxic dose of the mitochondrial neurotoxin, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), can initiate early-onset tolerance induction for subsequent ischemic injury. Wistar rats were pretreated for 3 h by intraperitoneal 3-NPA (20 mg/kg body weight; n=13) or solvent (n=12). Fifteen minutes global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion and hypobaric hypotension. rCBF and tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation were measured by laser Doppler scanning and a microspectrophotometric method. Ischemic insult and brain temperature were identical in both groups. Body weight and neurological scores recovered in the pretreated group but further deteriorated in th…
Exercise-induced necrotic muscle damage and enzyme release in the four days following prolonged submaximal running in rats.
1994
Male Wistar rats were made to run uphill on a treadmill 5.5° incline at 17 m min−1 for 4 h, and killed for muscle and serum sampling 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 or 96 h after the exertion. To estimate the degree of muscle damage,β-glucuronidase activity, total protein concentration, water content and morphology were examined in the red parts of quadriceps femoris (MQF) and soleus (MS) muscles, the distal white part of the rectus femoris muscle (MRF) and the superficial part of triceps brachii muscle (MTB). Simultaneous serum samples were assayed for creatine kinase (CK) activity and carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) concentration. Fibre swelling and interstitial oedema were detected in MS at 4 h and in …
Comparative changes between pancreas and pancreatic juice digestive enzyme contents during nutritional rehabilitation following severe protein malnut…
1993
The relationship between digestive enzyme activities in the pancreas and pancreatic juice was studied in post-weaning rats fed on a low-protein diet (30 g cereal protein/kg) for 1 month and a refeeding balanced diet (235 g mixed protein/kg) for the following 3 months. A control group was fed on the balanced diet for 4 months. At the end of malnutrition and at various times of refeeding, activities of amylase (EC3.2.1.1), trypsin(EC3.4.21.4), chymotrypsin (EC3.4.21.1), lipase (EC3.1.1.3), phospholipase A2 (EC3.1.1.4) and cholesterolesterase (EC3.1.1.13) in pancreas and pancreatic juice were measured. Recovery of body and pancreas weights was obtained after 3 months of refeeding. Pancreas off…
Delayed effects of ciprofibrate on rat liver peroxisomal properties and proto-oncogene expression.
1995
Peroxisome proliferators (PPs) are non-genotoxic carcinogens in rodents. Their reversible effects on rat liver have been studied with ciprofibrate and fenofibrate. We found that with the hypolipemic drug fenofibrate a pause of 28 days is sufficient for a return to normal status, whereas with the highly potent PP ciprofibrate, the stimulation of ACO mRNA levels remains after its withdrawal. We investigated the effects of the renewal of the treatment with PPs on other peroxisomal parameters and proto-oncogene expression using Wistar rats. Interestingly, c-myc expression was enhanced even upon drug withdrawal, and was more stimulated by the second exposure to ciprofibrate, while c-fos expressi…
Pringle maneuver increases the risk of anastomotic leakage after colonic resection in rats.
2018
Abstract Background Many centers use the Pringle's maneuver during liver resections. Since this maneuver might impair healing of bowel anastomoses, we evaluated its influence on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats underwent median laparotomy and sigmoid resection with end-to-end anastomosis under inhalation anesthesia. Thereafter, rats received a 25 minutes Pringle's maneuver (PM, group 1) or were kept under anesthesia for the same period of time (group 2). The anastomotic bursting pressure (BP) was measured on postoperative days (POD) 3, 6 and 9. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was used for histopathological evaluation of the anastomosis. The Mann-Whit…
Population modelling to describe pharmacokinetics of amiodarone in rats: Relevance of plasma protein and tissue depot binding
2007
The objective of this paper was to characterize the disposition phase of AM in rats, after different high doses and modalities of i.v. administration. Three fitting programs, WINNONLIN, ADAPT II and NONMEM were employed. The two-stage fitting methods led to different results, none of which can adequately explain amiodarone's behaviour, although a great amount of data per subject is available. The non-linear mixed effect modelling approach allows satisfactory estimation of population pharmacokinetic parameters, and their respective variability. The best model to define the AM pharmacokinetic profile is a two-compartment model, with saturable and dynamic plasma protein binding and linear tiss…