Search results for "work"

showing 10 items of 14511 documents

Don't stop me now: Hampered retrieval of action plans following interruptions

2020

How can we retrieve action plans in working memory (WM) after being distracted or interrupted? The present EEG study investigated this question using a WM task in which a random sequence of single numbers (1-4 and 6-9) was presented. In a given trial, participants had to decide whether the number presented in the preceding trial was odd or even. Additionally, interfering stimuli were randomly presented in 25% of all trials, requiring the participants to either ignore a colored number (distraction) or respond to it (interruption) while maintaining the previously formed action plan in WM. Our results revealed a detrimental impact of interruptions on WM performance in trials after interrupting…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCognitive NeuroscienceExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyElectroencephalographyStimulus (physiology)AudiologyMotor Activity050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesExecutive FunctionYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineDevelopmental NeuroscienceDistractionP3bmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBiological Psychiatrymedicine.diagnostic_testEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsWorking memoryGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesBrain WavesEvent-Related Potentials P300Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyMemory Short-TermNeurologyMental RecallFemaleinterruptions ; distractions ; P3b ; mu/beta suppression ; EEG ; working memoryPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychomotor Performance
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Evaluation of the Possible Impact of a Care Network for Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack on Rates of Recurrence

2010

We aimed to demonstrate that a stroke network is able to reduce the proportion of recurrent cerebrovascular events. In 2003, we set up a care network with the aim to reduce the proportion of stroke recurrence. For the statistical analysis, recurrent cerebrovascular events observed from 1985 to 2002 within the population of Dijon made it possible to model trends using Poisson logistic regression. From 1985 to 2002, we recorded 172 recurrent cerebrovascular events which were used to model trends before the creation of the care network. Within the period 2003–2007, we observed 162 recurrent cerebrovascular events compared with 196.7 expected cerebrovascular events with a significant standardiz…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCommunity NetworksYoung AdultSecondary PreventionHumansMedicineTransient (computer programming)cardiovascular diseasesChildStrokeAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryInfant NewbornInfantMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseStrokeNeurologyIschemic Attack TransientChild PreschoolEmergency medicinePhysical therapyFemaleFranceNeurology (clinical)businessEuropean Neurology
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Higher leisure-time physical activity is associated with lower sickness absence: cross-sectional analysis among the general workforce

2020

BACKGROUND: Prevention of sickness absence (SA) is a major public health challenge. Sufficient levels of physical activity may be an important protective factor. In contrast to the North European countries, little is known about physical activity behavior and its influence over SA in South European countries. METHODS: In the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) 2014, a total of 9512 Spanish workers aged 17 to 70 (46.5% women) replied to questions about SA (last 12 months) and the frequency of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Multiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex, education, occupational class, smoking habits, body mass index, and chronic disease (diabetes, hypertension, …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCross-sectional studyProtective factorPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationMotor ActivityBody Mass IndexYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesLeisure Activities0302 clinical medicineAbsenteeismPrevalencemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultExerciseAgedNeck painbusiness.industryPublic healthMiddle AgedHealth Surveys030210 environmental & occupational healthLow back painEuropeCross-Sectional StudiesWorkforceAnxietyFemaleSick Leavemedicine.symptombusinessBody mass indexDemographyThe Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
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Bottom-up influences on working memory: behavioral and electrophysiological distraction varies with distractor strength.

2004

Abstract. The present study investigates bottom-up effects serving the optimal balance between focusing attention on relevant information and distractibility by potentially significant events outside the focus of attention. We tested whether distraction, indicated by behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) measures, varies with the strength of task-irrelevant deviances. Twenty subjects performed a tone-duration discrimination task (200 or 400 ms sinusoidal tones presented equiprobably). The stimuli were presented with frequent standard (p = 0.84; 1000 Hz) or infrequent deviant (p = 0.16) pitch. These task-irrelevant pitch changes consisted in a frequency increase/decrease of 1%,…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentMismatch negativityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyAudiologyDevelopmental psychologyP3aArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)MemoryDistractionmedicineReaction TimeHumansAttentionEvoked PotentialsGeneral PsychologyWorking memoryBrainGeneral MedicineElectrophysiologyAuditory PerceptionFocusing attentionFemalePsychologyRelevant informationExperimental psychology
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Mechanical work and efficiency in treadmill running at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds

1990

Mechanical work, mechanical power, energy consumption and mechanical efficiency were studied in constant-speed treadmill running of 5 min at seven different exercises around aerobic (AerT) and anaerobic (AnT) thresholds. The true efficiency of concentric (positive) mechanical work and gross efficiency of the whole body in seven male subjects were calculated. The total mechanical work was calculated from film through the translational, potential and rotational energy states as the sum of the changes of all the mechanical energy states in all body segments allowing energy transfer between segments and from energy state to state. The total energy consumption was measured by combining aerobic a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPhysiologyPhysical ExertionDifferential ThresholdEfficiencyConcentricRunningAnimal sciencemedicineHumansAnaerobiosisTreadmillMechanical energyLegChemistryWork (physics)Energy consumptionAerobiosisBiomechanical PhenomenaRotational energyPhysical therapyRunning economyEnergy MetabolismAnaerobic exerciseActa Physiologica Scandinavica
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Alexithymia and personality traits of patients with inflammatory bowel disease

2017

AbstractPsychological factors, specific lifestyles and environmental stressors may influence etiopathogenesis and evolution of chronic diseases. We investigate the association between Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) and psychological dimensions such as personality traits, defence mechanisms, and Alexithymia, i.e. deficits of emotional awareness with inability to give a name to emotional states. We analyzed a survey of 100 patients with IBD and a control group of 66 healthy individuals. The survey involved filling out clinical and anamnestic forms and administering five psychological tests. These were then analyzed by using a network representation of the system by considering it a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPopulationModels PsychologicalImpulsivityArticleYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesQuantitative Trait Heritable0302 clinical medicineAlexithymiamedicineHumansPersonalityPsychological testingAffective SymptomsBig Five personality traitsPsychiatryeducationAgedmedia_commonPsychological Testseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryStressorPsychiatric disorderMiddle AgedGastrointestinal diseaseInflammatory Bowel Diseasesmedicine.diseaseNeuroticismSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Female030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyNetwork Theorymedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPersonalityScientific Reports
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Corticosteroid injections, eccentric decline squat training and heavy slow resistance training in patellar tendinopathy.

2009

Udgivelsesdato: Sep-28 A randomized-controlled single-blind trial was conducted to investigate the clinical, structural and functional effects of peritendinous corticosteroid injections (CORT), eccentric decline squat training (ECC) and heavy slow resistance training (HSR) in patellar tendinopathy. Thirty-nine male patients were randomized to CORT, ECC or HSR for 12 weeks. We assessed function and symptoms (VISA-p questionnaire), tendon pain during activity (VAS), treatment satisfaction, tendon swelling, tendon vascularization, tendon mechanical properties and collagen crosslink properties. Assessments were made at 0 weeks, 12 weeks and at follow-up (half-year). All groups improved in VISA-…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.drug_classPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationSquatlaw.inventionYoung AdultRandomized controlled triallawAdrenal Cortex HormonesPatellar LigamentSurveys and QuestionnairesCollagen networkMedicineEccentricHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineUltrasonographybusiness.industryResistance trainingResistance TrainingMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemTendonSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaTendinopathyCorticosteroidPatellar tendinopathybusinessScandinavian journal of medicinescience in sports
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Associations of cardiovascular risk factors and retinal vessel dimensions at present and their evolution over time in a healthy working population.

2019

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate whether an association between retinal vessel diameters with blood pressure and other risk factors exists in a healthy working population and whether current risk factors can be used as predictors for retinal vessel changes over time. Methods Retinal photographs and medical data were obtained during a voluntary work health check in 2010 and 2013. The central retinal arterial equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were assessed using a semi-automated software. Linear regression analysis was carried out to determine associations with systemic parameters and cardiovascular risk factors. Results A total of 1685 participan…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingCardiovascular risk factorsRetina03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineReference ValuesRisk FactorsWhite blood cellInternal medicineLinear regressionmedicineWorking populationHumansRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryRetinal VesselsRetinalGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedRetinal vesselOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureBlood pressureCross-Sectional StudieschemistryCardiovascular Diseases030221 ophthalmology & optometryCardiologyFemalebusinessBody mass index030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesActa ophthalmologicaReferences
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Reproducibility of aerobic and anaerobic thresholds in 20-50 year old men.

1984

The reproducibility of the aerobic (AerT) and the anaerobic (AnT) threshold was studied in 33 men aged 20–50 years. They completed two maximal exercise tests on a bicycle ergometer. The thresholds, as $$\dot V_{O_2 }$$ (l·min−1), were determined visually by two investigators using both the blood lactate and the respiratory indices. The respiratory variables were measured with a computerized breath-by-breath method; samples of venous blood were drawn every 2nd min and analysed enzymatically for lactate. The reproducibility of the AerT (r=0.94) and of the AnT (r=0.96) were equally good. The AnT can be determined either from blood lactate concentrations (AnTLa) or from ventilatory and gas exch…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingPhysiologyRestPhysical ExertionDifferential ThresholdPhysical exerciseWork rateIncremental exerciseOxygen ConsumptionHeart RatePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAnaerobiosisRespiratory systemReproducibilitybusiness.industryRespirationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineVenous bloodMiddle AgedAerobiosisSurgeryMetabolismCardiologyBreathingLactatesbusinessAnaerobic exerciseEuropean journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology
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Neuropsychological Impairments in Anorexia Nervosa: A Spanish Sample Pilot Study

2014

This work was aimed at obtaining a profile of neuropsychological impairments in young Spanish participants with anorexia nervosa (AN) to demonstrate that right-hemisphere and frontal capacity impairments are present not only in the acute phase but also after weight recovery in a Spanish sample compared with a healthy control group. Twelve patients with AN in the acute phase (body mass index [BMI]= 17) matched by age, IQ, and educational level by utilizing a wide neuropsychological battery. Differences were found between AN groups only for long-term verbal memory, which worsens as BMI increases. Among participants with AN as a group, results showed differences in speed of information process…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAnorexia NervosaAdolescenthealth promotionIntelligenceStatistics as TopicPilot ProjectsNeuropsychological TestsAudiologyBody Mass IndexcognitiveYoung AdultVisual memoryDevelopmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumansAttentionPsychiatryWorking memoryNeuropsychologyAnorèxia nerviosaCognitionNeuropsychological batteryFrontal LobeInhibition PsychologicalMemory Short-TermNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPsicologiaSpainAnorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses)adolescentFemaleVerbal memoryCognition DisordersPsychologyBody mass indexApplied Neuropsychology: Adult
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