Search results for "work"

showing 10 items of 14511 documents

The mechanically-based approach to 3D non-local linear elasticity theory: Long-range central interactions

2010

Abstract This paper presents the generalization to a three-dimensional (3D) case of a mechanically-based approach to non-local elasticity theory, recently proposed by the authors in a one-dimensional (1D) case. The proposed model assumes that the equilibrium of a volume element is attained by contact forces between adjacent elements and by long-range forces exerted by non-adjacent elements. Specifically, the long-range forces are modelled as central body forces depending on the relative displacement between the centroids of the volume elements, measured along the line connecting the centroids. Further, the long-range forces are assumed to be proportional to a proper, material-dependent, dis…

Body forceNon-local elasticityWAVESPROPAGATIONContact forceLattice modelsCentral forcesCentral forceVARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLESMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationVariational formulationsGeneral Materials ScienceVirtual workPLASTICITYSTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITYMathematicsPlane stressDISCRETECONTINUAMechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsLinear elasticityElastic energySTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITY; VARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLES; CRACK SUBJECT; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY; DISCRETE; CONTINUA; DEFECTS; LATTICE; WAVESMechanicsDEFECTSCondensed Matter PhysicsLATTICELong-range interactionsClassical mechanicsContact mechanicsStatic–kinematic dualityMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniCRACK SUBJECTInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
researchProduct

Mechanically-based approach to non-local elasticity: Variational principles

2010

Abstract The mechanically-based approach to non-local elastic continuum, will be captured through variational calculus, based on the assumptions that non-adjacent elements of the solid may exchange central body forces, monotonically decreasing with their interdistance, depending on the relative displacement, and on the volume products. Such a mechanical model is investigated introducing primarily the dual state variables by means of the virtual work principle. The constitutive relations between dual variables are introduced defining a proper, convex, potential energy. It is proved that the solution of the elastic problem corresponds to a global minimum of the potential energy functional. Mo…

Body forceState variableNon-local elasticityNon-local state variablesConstitutive equationEuler–Lagrange equationLong-range interactionNon-local state variableMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceVirtual workBoundary value problemMathematicsVariational theoremsMechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsPotential energyLong-range interactionsClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationNon-local elastic potential energyCalculus of variationsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
researchProduct

The influence of social media use on body image concerns

2018

Internet-based media and especially social networking sites differ from traditional media in that they al- low individuals to interact with their friends in their networks. Moreover, Internet-based media are easi- ly available on devices such as smartphones or tablets. Previous research has demonstrated that mass media contribute powerfully to an individual’s body dissatisfaction. To date, research on the effects re- lated to exposure to ‘newer’ forms of media, in particular social media on the Internet, is scarce. The purpose of the current study is to review the extant body of research dealing with the influence of social media on body image concerns, especially among adolescents. Adolesc…

Body image dissatisfactionSocial mediaSocial networkingAdolescents
researchProduct

Analysis of Body Perception, Preworkout Meal Habits and Bone Resorption in Child Gymnasts

2021

The beneficial effects of physical activity on body image perception and bone are debated among artistic gymnasts. Gymnasts seem to be at greater risk of developing body dissatisfaction, eating disorders and osteoporosis due to inadequate nutrition and attention to the appearance of the body. The objective of this work was to investigate the association between the artistic gymnast and a more favorable body image compared to their sedentary peers and if a preworkout high-carbohydrate meal (HCM

Body image perceptionGymnasticsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisOsteoporosiseducationPhysical activitylcsh:MedicinePhysiologyphysical activity030209 endocrinology & metabolismArticleBone resorptionHabits03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineN-terminal telopeptidechildrenmedicinepre-workout eating habitHumansChildExerciseMealbusiness.industrylcsh:Rdigestive oral and skin physiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthBody perceptionFeeding Behavior030229 sport sciencesbody image perceptionmedicine.diseaseaesthetic sporthumanitiesEating disordersFemalepre-workout eating habitsbusinesshuman activitiesaesthetic sportsbone resorption
researchProduct

The Complex System Theory for the Analysis of Inter-Firm Networks: A Literature Overview and Theoretic Framework

2011

In this paper we discuss the body of knowledge known as complex system theory and its relevance to the analysis of inter-firm networks. We start by addressing the development of systems thinking. Through a literature overview, we point out the main elements for the development of systemic thought from its beginning, through its application in business sciences, to the birth of Complex Systems Theory (CST). With these initial annotations we provide an introduction to the concepts of the complex systems theory. We will underscore those aspects of CST that can be useful to analyze inter-firm networks, in order to highlight the evolutionary dynamics of the networks and to clarify the logical li…

Body of knowledgeStructure (mathematical logic)Inter-firm networks Complex System TheoryManagement scienceComputer scienceComplex systemBusiness system planningMulti-level logicSystems thinkingCognitionRelevance (information retrieval)Evolutionary dynamicsSettore SECS-P/08 - Economia E Gestione Delle Imprese
researchProduct

Ab initio computational study on the lattice thermal conductivity of Zintl clathrates [Si19P4]Cl4 and Na4[Al4Si19]

2016

The lattice thermal conductivity of silicon clathrate framework Si23 and two Zintl clathrates, [Si19P4]Cl4 and Na4[Al4Si19], is investigated by using an iterative solution of the linearized Boltzmann transport equation in conjunction with ab initio lattice dynamical techniques. At 300 K, the lattice thermal conductivities for Si23, [Si19P4]Cl4, and Na4[Al4Si19] were found to be 43 W/(m K), 25 W/(m K), and 2 W/(m K), respectively. In the case of Na4[Al4Si19], the order-of-magnitude reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity was found to be mostly due to relaxation times and group velocities differing from Si23 and [Si19P4]Cl4. The difference in the relaxation times and group velocities ar…

Boltzmann transport equationsilicon clathrate frameworkthermal conductivityZintl clathrates
researchProduct

Do More Highly Organized Collagen Fibrils Increase Bone Mechanical Strength in Loss of Mineral Density After One-Year Running Training?

1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term running training on the structural properties of bone. Ten beagle dogs ran according to a strenuous progressive program (up to 40 km/day) for 1 year. At the end of the training program, there was a significant reduction in bone mineral density (up to 9.7%) in the vertebrae of the runner dogs as compared with 10 sedentary control dogs. Polarized light microscopy of the vertebral trabecular bone, however, displayed proportionally higher retardation values of the collagen network of the runner dogs than of the sedentary dogs, suggesting a reorganization in a more parallel manner in the collagen fibrils. The concentration and cross-…

Bone mineralTime FactorsEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentAnatomyBiologyBeagleBone and BonesBiomechanical PhenomenaRunningCollagen fibrilDogsMineral densityBone DensityPhysical Conditioning AnimalCollagen networkMechanical strengthCarnivoramedicineAnimalsFemaleOrthopedics and Sports MedicineCollagenhuman activitiesReduction (orthopedic surgery)Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
researchProduct

Exacus: Efficient and Exact Algorithms for Curves and Surfaces

2005

We present the first release of the Exacus C++ libraries. We aim for systematic support of non-linear geometry in software libraries. Our goals are efficiency, correctness, completeness, clarity of the design, modularity, flexibility, and ease of use. We present the generic design and structure of the libraries, which currently compute arrangements of curves and curve segments of low algebraic degree, and boolean operations on polygons bounded by such segments.

Boolean operations on polygonsModularity (networks)CorrectnessTheoretical computer scienceExact algorithmGeneric programmingComputer scienceBounded functionCompleteness (order theory)Algebraic numberAlgorithmCylindrical algebraic decomposition
researchProduct

Learning to Navigate in the Gaussian Mixture Surface

2021

In the last years, deep learning models have achieved remarkable generalization capability on computer vision tasks, obtaining excellent results in fine-grained classification problems. Sophisticated approaches based-on discriminative feature learning via patches have been proposed in the literature, boosting the model performances and achieving the state-of-the-art over well-known datasets. Cross-Entropy (CE) loss function is commonly used to enhance the discriminative power of the deep learned features, encouraging the separability between the classes. However, observing the activation map generated by these models in the hidden layer, we realize that many image regions with low discrimin…

Boosting (machine learning)Settore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer scienceGeneralizationbusiness.industryDeep learningGaussianFine-grained image classification; Loss functionPattern recognitionConvolutional neural networkLoss functionImage (mathematics)symbols.namesakeFine-grained image classificationDiscriminative modelSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicasymbolsArtificial intelligencebusinessFeature learning
researchProduct

Emergence of statistically validated financial intraday lead-lag relationships

2014

According to the leading models in modern finance, the presence of intraday lead-lag relationships between financial assets is negligible in efficient markets. With the advance of technology, however, markets have become more sophisticated. To determine whether this has resulted in an improved market efficiency, we investigate whether statistically significant lagged correlation relationships exist in financial markets. We introduce a numerical method to statistically validate links in correlation-based networks, and employ our method to study lagged correlation networks of equity returns in financial markets. Crucially, our statistical validation of lead-lag relationships accounts for mult…

Bootstrap methodFinancial market01 natural sciencesLead-lag correlation010305 fluids & plasmasFOS: Economics and businessCorrelationSettore SECS-S/06 -Metodi Mat. dell'Economia e d. Scienze Attuariali e Finanz.Statistically validated network0502 economics and business0103 physical sciencesStatisticsEconomicsEconometricsStock (geology)FinanceStatistical Finance (q-fin.ST)050208 financeHigh-frequency databusiness.industry05 social sciencesFinancial marketMarket efficiencyEquity (finance)Quantitative Finance - Statistical FinanceStock returnSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Economics Econometrics and Finance (all)2001 Economics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)Multiple comparisons problemLead–lag compensatorbusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceTransaction dataFinanceQuantitative Finance
researchProduct