Search results for "x-ray"

showing 10 items of 4234 documents

Fundamental movement skill proficiency and body composition measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in eight-year-old children

2014

Objective: The main aim was to examine the association between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and objectively measured body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: Study of 304 eight-year-old children in Finland. FMS were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development, 2nd ed. (TGMD-2). Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal region fat percentage (AF%), and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by DXA. Waist circumference, height and weight were measured and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values for BMI were used for the definition of healthy weight and overweight/obesity. Results: Better FMS proficiency (object-control, locomotor, total FMS…

obesitymedicine.medical_specialtyWaistSocial PsychologyGross motor skillruumiinrakenne030209 endocrinology & metabolismOverweightPediatricsliikalihavuus03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineClassification of obesityDevelopmental and Educational Psychologymedicineoverweightta315motoriset taidotfundamental movement skillsDual-energy X-ray absorptiometrykehonkoostumusDXAbody compositionmedicine.diagnostic_testmotor skillsylipaino030229 sport sciencesmedicine.diseaseCircumferenceObesityPhysical therapylihavuusmedicine.symptomPsychologyBody mass indexEarly Child Development and Care
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Spectra of high-mass X-ray binaries

2016

High-mass X-ray binaries are bright X-ray sources. The high-energy emission is caused by the accretion of matter from the massive companion onto a neutron star. The accreting material comes from either the strong stellar wind in binaries with supergiant companions or the circumstellar disk in Be/X-ray binaries. In either case, the H{alpha} line stands out as the main source of information about the state of the accreting material. We present the results of our monitoring program to study the long-term variability of the H{alpha} line in high-mass X-ray binaries. Our aim is to characterise the optical variability timescales and study the interaction between the neutron star and the accreting…

observational astronomyAstrophysics and AstronomyStellar AstronomyX-ray binary starsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsX ray binary starsNatural SciencesAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSpectroscopy
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INTEGRAL observations of GRB 070311

2008

We present prompt {gamma}-ray, early NIR/optical, late optical and X-ray observations of the peculiar GRB 070311 discovered by INTEGRAL, in order to gain clues on the mechanisms responsible for the prompt {gamma}-ray pulse as well as for the early and late multi-band afterglow of GRB 070311. We fitted with empirical functions the gamma-ray and optical light curves and scaled the result to the late time X-rays.

observational astronomyAstrophysics and AstronomyX ray sourcesGamma-ray astronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysicsGamma ray astronomyNatural SciencesX-ray sourcescosmology
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Chandra COSMOS survey I.

2010

The Chandra COSMOS Survey (C-COSMOS) is a large, 1.8Ms, Chandra program that has imaged the central 0.5deg^2^ of the COSMOS field (centered at 10h, +02d) with an effective exposure of ~160ks, and an outer 0.4deg^2^ area with an effective exposure of ~80ks. The limiting source detection depths are 1.9x10^-16^erg/cm2/s in the soft (0.5-2keV) band, 7.3x10^-16^erg/cm2/s in the hard (2-10keV) band, and 5.7x10^-16^erg/cm2/s in the full (0.5-10keV) band. Here we describe the strategy, design, and execution of the C-COSMOS survey, and present the catalog of 1761 point sources detected at a probability of being spurious of <2x10^-5^ (1655 in the full, 1340 in the soft, and 1017 in the hard bands). B…

observational astronomyAstrophysics and AstronomyX ray sourcesPhysicsSurveysNatural SciencesX-ray sourcescosmology
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XMM observations of IC 2391 stars

2006

We present X-ray spectral and timing analysis of members of the young open cluster IC 2391 observed with the XMM-Newton observatory. We detected 99 X-ray sources by analysing the summed data obtained from MOS1, MOS2 and pn detectors of the EPIC camera; 24 of them are members, or probable members, of the cluster. Stars of all spectral types have been detected, from the early-types to the late-M dwarfs. Cone search capability for table J/A+A/430/287/table1 (XMM-Newton sources in the IC 2391 region, as detected in the combined EPIC image.) Cone search capability for table J/A+A/430/287/table2 (X-ray and optical properties of IC 2391 members, and upper limits in the combined EPIC image.)

observational astronomyOpen star clustersPhotometryAstrophysics and AstronomyX ray sourcesStellar AstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsNatural SciencesX-ray sourcescosmology
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The role of SAXS and molecular simulations in 3D structure elucidation of a DNA aptamer against lung cancer

2021

Aptamers are short, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotide molecules that function as synthetic analogs of antibodies and bind to a target molecule with high specificity. Aptamer affinity entirely depends on its tertiary structure and charge distribution. Therefore, length and structure optimization are essential for increasing aptamer specificity and affinity. Here, we present a general optimization procedure for finding the most populated atomistic structures of DNA aptamers. Based on the existed aptamer LC-18 for lung adenocarcinoma, a new truncated LC-18 (LC-18t) aptamer LC-18t was developed. A three-dimensional (3D) shape of LC-18t was reported based on small-angle X-ray scattering…

oligonucleotideMolecular modelAptamer610RM1-950chemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryA-DNAddc:610Binding siteOligonucleotideaptamerSAXSspatial structurelung adenocarcinomamolecular dynamicsProtein tertiary structurefragment molecular orbitalchemistrysmall-angle X-ray scatteringBiophysicsMolecular MedicineOriginal Articletertiary structureTherapeutics. Pharmacologymolecular simulationsDNAFragment molecular orbital
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Origins of radiation-induced attenuation in pure-silica-core and Ge-doped optical fibers under pulsed x-ray irradiation

2020

We investigated the nature, optical properties, and decay kinetics of point defects causing large transient attenuation increase observed in silica-based optical fibers exposed to short duration and high-dose rate x-ray pulses. The transient radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) spectra of pure-silica-core (PSC), Ge-doped, F-doped, and Ge + F-doped optical fibers (OFs) were acquired after the ionizing pulse in the spectral range of [∼0.8–∼3.2] eV (∼1500–∼380 nm), from a few ms to several minutes after the pulse, at both room temperature (RT) and liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT). Comparing the fiber behavior at both temperatures better highlights the thermally unstable point defects contribut…

optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical fiberAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologymedicine.disease_cause01 natural scienceslaw.inventionx-ray irradiationlaw0103 physical sciencesmedicinepoint defectsRadiation induced absorptionFiberAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010302 applied physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]F dopingAttenuationDopingSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleLiquid nitrogen021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCrystallographic defectGe doping0210 nano-technologyUltraviolet
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Near‐IR Radiation‐Induced Attenuation of Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers

2021

The X-ray radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) growth kinetics are studied online in different single-mode aluminosilicate optical fibers in the near-IR (NIR) domain to evaluate their potential in terms of dosimetry. The optical fibers differ by Al contents, core sizes, drawing parameters, and also by a preform deposition process. The data show no dependence of the RIA on all these parameters, a positive result for the design of point or distributed radiation detectors exploiting RIA to monitor the dose. The RIA growth rate is unchanged for dose rates changing from 0.073 to 6.25 Gy(SiO2) s−1, and the RIA linearly increases with the dose up to 2 kGy(SiO2). Small but noticeable RIA changes are…

optical fibersMaterials scienceOptical fiberRadiation induced02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionX-ray irradiations[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]020210 optoelectronics & photonicsAluminosilicatelaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringMaterials Chemistryradiation-induced attenuationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComposite materialComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010308 nuclear & particles physicsAttenuationSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsaluminosilicate glassesradiation effectsphysica status solidi (a)
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Partial Data Problems and Unique Continuation in Scalar and Vector Field Tomography

2022

AbstractWe prove that if P(D) is some constant coefficient partial differential operator and f is a scalar field such that P(D)f vanishes in a given open set, then the integrals of f over all lines intersecting that open set determine the scalar field uniquely everywhere. This is done by proving a unique continuation property of fractional Laplacians which implies uniqueness for the partial data problem. We also apply our results to partial data problems of vector fields.

osittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötvector field tomographyinverse problemstomografiaApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsX-ray tomographyregion of interest tomographyunique continuationinversio-ongelmatAnalysisJournal of Fourier Analysis and Applications
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Oxidation of aromatic alcohols in irradiated aqueous suspensions of commercial and home-prepared rutile TiO(2): a selectivity study.

2008

WOS: 000256241700021

oxidationPhotochemistryUltraviolet RaysAlcoholAnisolesAldehydeAlcohols Oxidation Photocatalysis Rutile SelectivityCatalysisCatalysisalcoholschemistry.chemical_compoundX-Ray DiffractionOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_classificationTitaniumSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaAqueous solutionalcohols;oxidation;photocatalysis;rutile;selectivityMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryselectivityWaterGeneral ChemistrychemistryBenzyl alcoholPhotocatalysisSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSelectivityrutilephotocatalysisOxidation-ReductionBenzyl AlcoholChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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