0000000000001376
AUTHOR
Anna Vadalà
Relationship of transforming growth factor-beta(1) with tumour necrosis factor-alpha and endothelial activation in patients with stable renal transplantation.
SUMMARY: Aim: To evaluate whether or not transforming growth factor-beta1 is related to inflammation markers and to intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules in patients with stable renal transplantation. Methods: Serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein and adhesion molecules were analysed in 33 renal transplanted patients, 33 patients with chronic renal insufficiency (matched to the transplanted group for level of renal function), and 33 hypertensives with normal renal function. anova, Student's t-test and simple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Results: Transplanted patients showed higher valu…
Endothelin-1 and F2-isoprostane relate to and predict renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients.
Background. Hypertension and additional non-traditional risk factors can damage the kidney directly and by promoting atherogenesis. Evidence indicates that increased oxidative stress and inflammation may mediate a large part of the effects of risk factors on the kidney. We hypothesized that in hypertensive patients (HT), oxidative stress, measured as 8-ISO-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-ISO-PGF2alpha), should raise paralleling decreasing renal function and should correlate with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods. In 626 HT with renal function ranging from stages 1 to 5 and 100 healthy controls, plasma levels of 8-ISO-PGF2alpha, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), transfor…
Interleukin 6 plasma levels predict with high sensitivity and specificity coronary stenosis detected by coronary angiography
SummaryIn recent years new biomarkers able to measure the coronary atherosclerotic burden have been investigated. The aim of the present study was: i) to measure plasma levels of four biomarkers: C reactive protein (CRP), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), 8-isosprostane (8-ISO),in a series of patients undergoing coronary angiography; ii) to assess the power of the biomarkers to predict critical coronary stenosis detected by angiography. The study population consisted of a group of 438 subjects undergoing coronary angiography; 160 patients with 0, 1, 2, or 3 critical vessels were selected, and biomarkers plasma levels were measured in plasma samples o…
Relationship between aortic stiffness and albumin excretion rate in untreated essential hypertensive patients
Microalbuminuria and endothelial activation in treated and untreated diabetic and non-diabetic hypertensives
Sympathetic Overactivity and 24-Hour Blood Pressure Pattern in Hypertensives with Chronic Renal Failure
In order to assess the activity of the sympathetic system and to evaluate the 24-h blood pressure pattern in hypertensives with chronic renal failure (CRF), 12 CRF patients and 16 essential hypertensives (EHs) were studied. In all subjects, plasma samples for catecholamines and renin activity were obtained both in the basal condition and after standing, and 24-h blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed. The 24-h mean blood pressure results were quite similar between CRFs and EHs. In 50% of the CRFs, ABPM showed a nighttime decrease in diastolic BP (DBP) greater than 10%, while in the remaining 50% the ABPM indicated a nondipper blood pressure pattern. Of the 16 EHs, 4 had a nighttime …
Influence of Vascular Load on Plasma Endothelin-1, Cytokines and Catecholamine Levels in Essential Hypertensives
In vitro studies demonstrated a relationship between ET-1 and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), and of bFGF with Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF). The present study was carried out to investigate in vivo the behaviour after vascular stress of circulating ET-1, bFGF and PDGF, and catecholamines, and their relationship. In 12 healthy normotensives (NTs) and 15 essential hypertensives (Ehs) venous blood samples to determine circulating ET-1, bFGF and PDGF, and catecholamine (EPI and NE) levels were drawn before and at the third minute of a handgrip test. Blood pressures (BP) and heart rate were automatically recorded before starting, and at 1, 2, and 3 minutes during the test. The NT…
Endothelial activation and insulin resistance: Comparison between essential hypertensives and hypertensive patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Evaluation of oxidative stress in hypertensive patients with transplanted kidney
Changes of plasma endothelin and growth factor levels, and of left ventricular mass, after chronic AT1-receptor blockade in human hypertension.
The stimulation of autocrine and paracrine factors such as basic fibroblast- (bFGF) and platelet-derived (PDGF) growth factors mediates many of the growth-promoting actions of angiotensin II. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic AT1-receptor blockade on plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) and growth factors levels, and on left ventricular mass, in essential hypertension (EH). The study population consisted of 16 patients with mild-moderate EH, and 25 normotensive controls. In the EH patients under basal conditions, and after 3 and 6 months of chronic therapy with Losartan 50 mg/day, we measured serum levels of ET-1, bFGF and PDGF, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). At the same t…
Microalbuminuria and early endothelial activation in essential hypertension
We hypothesized that in essential hypertensive patients (EHs), plasma levels of pro-atherogenic adhesion molecules would be increased and related with urine albumin excretion (UAE). Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating biochemical markers of endothelial activation and their relationship with UAE in a group of patients with uncomplicated EH. In basal condition soluble forms of adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, as well as 24-h UAE were assayed. One hundred patients with essential hypertension and no diabetes or ultrasonographic evidence of atherosclerosis were included in the study. Seventy normotensive healthy subjec…
Relation of C-reactive protein to oxidative stress and to endothelial activation in essential hypertension.
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) predicts cardiovascular outcome. Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in endothelial alteration. We hypothesized that in essential hypertension (EH), oxidative stress, as measured by 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2 alfa (8-iso-PGF2alfa), should be associated with increased CRP and endothelial activation, as evaluated by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule–1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule–1 (VCAM-1) plasma levels. Methods: In 83 subjects with mild EH and in 50 healthy control subjects we measured, in basal conditions, plasma levels of hs-CRP, 8-iso-PGF2 alfa, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and tumor necrosis factor–alfa (TNF-alfa). Results: Subjects with…
Endothelial adhesion molecules in essential hypertension: response to arginine infusion
Inhibition of sympathetic activity induced by losartan in essential hypertensives.
Circulating Levels of Adhesion Molecules in Chronic Kidney Disease Correlate with the Stage of Renal Disease and with C-Reactive Protein
Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) suffer from a series of complications linked to the atherosclerotic process in which the endothelial dysfunction mediated by the activation of some adhesion molecules plays an important role. This study aims to evaluate circulating levels of intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) in patients with predialysis CRF, on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and after kidney transplantation (KTx) and to correlate them with some inflammation and nutritional indexes.Thirty two patients with predialysis CRF, 30 on maintenance HD, 36 after KTx and 28 subjects as a control group (C) were included in this study. Cir…
Oxidative stress and inflammation in long-term renal transplanted hypertensives.
INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown that chronic renal failure (CRF) is characterized by "accelerated atherosclerosis". More recent studies emphasize that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in atherosclerosis, and it is well-established that C-reactive protein (CRP) is a cardiovascular risk marker in the general population, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and in allograft recipients. METHODS We measured the serum concentration of high sensitivity CRP, TNFalpha, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha, an in vivo oxidative stress marker) in 15 CRF patients and in 15 transplant recipients. Exclusion criteria were age 65 years, smoking, diabetes mellitus …
Endothelium-derived factors in microalbuminuric and nonmicroalbuminuric essential hypertensives
Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between growth factors and cardiovascular diseases. This study was aimed at evaluating levels of some endothelium-derived growth factors, and their relationship with microalbuminuria (MAU), in essential hypertension. Ninety-nine mild-moderate essential hypertensives (EH) and 25 healthy controls were studied. All patients underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring, serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and 24-h MAU assays. Later, EH were divided into two subsets consisting of microalbuminurics (MAU >11 microg/min) and nonmicroalbuminurics (MAU <11 microg/min). In microalbumin…
Adhesion molecules, endothelial products, and microalbuminuria in essential hypertension
Comparison of tumour necrosis factor and endothelin-1 between essential and renal hypertensive patients
The present study was performed to compare circulating levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and plasma endothelin 1 (ET-1), of hypertensive patients with or without renal failure and with those of normotensive healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 21 healthy normotensive subjects and 22 hypertensive patients, 11 with essential hypertension, and 11 with hypertension and chronic renal failure (CRF). Plasma ET-1 levels, serum TNFalpha and creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24-h urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were assayed, and 24-h blood pressure monitoring was obtained in all subjects. Office blood pressure was similar between hypertensive patients with and without C…
Inflammation and endothelial activation are linked to renal function in long-term kidney transplantation
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between inflammation and adhesion molecules in long-term kidney transplantation. We measured serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) in 35 renal transplant recipients (mean age of transplantation 5 +/- 3 years) and in 35 chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) patients; twenty-six healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. Transplanted showed higher values than controls of TNFalpha (P < 0.0001), ICAM-1 (P < 0.0001), and VCAM-1 (P < 0.0001). CRI group as well exhibited higher concentrations than controls of TNFalpha (P < 0.0001), ICAM-1 (P < …
Relationship between albumin excretion rate and aortic stiffness in untreated essential hypertensive patients
. Objectives. To evaluate, in a group of nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function, the relationship between albumin excretion rate (AER) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), as an index of aortic stiffness. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Outpatient hypertension clinic. Subjects. Seventy patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, aged 42 ± 8 years, never pharmacologically treated. All subjects underwent routine laboratory tests, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, measurement of carotid-femoral PWV, by means of a computerized method, and AER. Results. Microalbuminuric patients (AER ≥ 20 μg min−1; n = 19), when comp…
Acute prostaglandins and sympathetic activity changes due to amino acids load in essential hypertension
Correlation between a marker of oxidative stress and few indexes of endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertensive patients
C-reactive protein and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are stronger predictors of oxidant stress than blood pressure in established hypertension
Oxidant stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to test oxidative stress, as 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha), and its relationship with inflammation markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), and endothelial activation assayed as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in essential hypertension.In 216 essential hypertensive patients and 55 healthy control individuals, plasma levels of high-sensitivity CRP and TNFalpha, 8-iso-PGF2alpha, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured in basal conditions. Moreover, basal and 24-h ambulatory blood p…
Association between biomarkers of inflammation and left ventricular hypertrophy in moderate chronic kidney disease.
Aims: Left ventricular hyper- trophy (LVH) is a predictor for cardiovascu- lar mortality, and it is considered to be a surro- gate marker of preclinical cardiovascular dis- ease. This study aimed at evaluating whether fetuin-A plasma levels are decreased in pa- tients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their linkage to plasma concentra- tions of hs-C-reactive protein (CRP), cardio- trophyn-1 (CT-1), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), propeptide of collagen Type I (PIP) and to LVH. Material and methods: We enrolled 64 moderate CKD and 55 essential hypertensives (EH) with normal renal func- tion as controls. All the patients underwent an echocardiographic examination; plasma sam- ples…