The Different Roles of Structural and Cognitive Social Capital on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Adolescents

This study evaluated the relationship of structural and cognitive dimensions of social capital with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of adolescents from southern Brazil. OHRQoL was evaluated using the short version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ11-14). Structural social capital was measured by attendance of religious meetings and social networks from friends and neighbours. Cognitive social capital was evaluated through trust in friends and neighbours, perception of relationships in the neighbourhood, and social support during hard times. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis was performed…

Contextual and local determinants associated with the achievement of goals in the endodontics specialty in Brazilian dental speciality centres: A multilevel analysis.

To assess which factors were associated with the achievement of endodontic goals.Cross-sectional study using secondary data from the second cycle of the Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality in the dental speciality centres-in Portuguese PMAQ-CEO. The independent variables extracted from this database were related to dental speciality centres (CEO in Portuguese). In addition, variables referring to the CEO host city were incorporated into the model. The outcome variable was the number of endodontic goals achieved calculated from the production of the CEO available in the Ambulatory Health Information System in 2018. Descriptive analyses and multilevel Poisson regression were per…

The relationship of dental students’ characteristics to social support, psychosocial factors, lifestyle, and quality of life

To examine the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, student academic information, social support, sense of coherence, anxiety, lifestyle, and quality of life among dental students.A cross-sectional study among 233 dental students in Brazil. We captured data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, social support through Social Support Appraisal, psychosocial factors (sense of coherence and anxiety based on SOC-13 and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 - anxiety subscale, respectively), lifestyle as per individual Lifestyle Profile and quality of life based on VERAS-Q. Data was analysed through Structural Equation Modelling.Greater social support, higher…

Malocclusion characteristics amongst individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta‑analysis

Abstract Background To estimate the prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to assess the relationship between ASD and malocclusion. Methods We searched electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, SciELO LILACS, Proquest, OpenGrey and Google Scholar. There were no language or publication dates restrictions. Two researchers independently performed selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Quality assessment and risk of bias were evaluated through the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and ROBINS-E tool. Meta-analyses using random effect models were used to estimate pooled measures of prevalence of malocclusion chara…

The foreseen loss of the battle against COVID-19 in South America: A foretold tragedy

What grafting materials produce greater alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction? A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Abstract A systematic review and network meta-analysis was conducted to compare different bone-substitute materials used for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction. The electronic search was carried out on Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and grey literature up to March 22, 2020 (registration number INPLASY202030005). Only randomized controlled trials were included to answer the following PICOS question: ‘What grafting materials produce greater alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction?’ The primary outcomes were the alveolar width resorption 1 mm below the alveolar crest and buccal height resorption in millimeters. Of the 4379 studies i…

Does using the sociodental approach in oral health care influence use of dental services and oral health of adolescents living in deprived communities? a one-year follow up study

Background Oral health needs assessment is important for oral health care planning. This study compared dental treatment needs between normative and sociodental needs. We also longitudinally examined the relationships of baseline sociodental needs measures and socioeconomic status with one-year follow up measures of use of dental services, dental caries, filled teeth, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Methods A prospective study was conducted with 12-year-old adolescents from public schools in deprived communities in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Validated questionnaires were used to collect adolescents’ sex and socioeconomic status, OHRQoL (CPQ11−14) and behaviours (sugar int…

A influência de fatores psicossociais protetores sobre a incidência de dor dentária

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of protective psychosocial factors on the incidence of dental pain in the last six months among 12-year-old children living in Manaus (AM). METHODS A prospective school-based cohort study was conducted with 210 12-year-old students enrolled in public schools in the eastern zone of Manaus (AM). Students were followed up for two years. Validated questionnaires were used to assess sociodemographic characteristics, protective psychosocial factors, including sense of coherence, social support, and self-esteem at baseline and after two years. Calibrated examiners clinically assessed dental caries and gingival bleeding. Multivariate multilevel Poisso…

Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Version of GOHAI among Community-Dwelling Elderly People

This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). A representative sample of 613 community-dwelling elderly people aged from 65 to 74 years was selected. Sociodemographic data, GOHAI and self-perceived oral health measures were collected. Dental clinical measures were obtained through oral examinations. The dimensional structure and adequacy of components were assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), inter-item correlations and item–scale correlations. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients. Correlations between GOHAI scores and self-reported oral …

Are oral health conditions associated with schoolchildren’s performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain? A life‐course perspective

Background: The link between oral diseases and school performance and school attendance remains unclear among Middle Eastern children.Aim: To investigate the relationship of oral conditions with schoolchildren's school performance and attendance using the life- course approach.Design: A cross- sectional study was conducted with 466 schoolchildren aged 7- 8 years from Kingdom of Bahrain (KoB) and their parents. Questionnaire data on children's current and at- birth environmental characteristics were completed by their parents. Children's oral health measures, including ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), PUFA (pulp, ulcer, fistula, abscess), and DDE (developmental d…

The impact of orthognathic surgery on quality of life in individuals with oral clefts

Summary Background/objectives To evaluate the relationships between individual, environmental, clinical factors and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) following orthognathic surgery. Materials and methods A follow-up study was conducted involving 69 adults with unilateral and bilateral CLP under orthodontic treatment. Interviews and oral examinations were conducted prior to orthognathic surgery (T0) to evaluate age, gender, psychological well-being, dental caries, malocclusion, social support, social networks, family income and education and OHRQoL. All participants were reviewed after 6 months (T1) to re-assess psychological well-being,…

Demographics, Socioeconomic Status, Social Distancing, Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Well-Being among Undergraduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted on academic routine because of the social distancing measures. This study examined the relationships of sociodemographic characteristics, social distancing aspects and psychosocial factors on psychosocial well-being among undergraduate students during the social distancing period due to COVID-19. A web-based survey was conducted of undergraduate students at a public university in Brazil (n = 620). Demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), social distancing factors, negative affectivity (DASS-21), sense of coherence (SOC-13), social support and psychosocial well-being (GHQ-12) were measured. The direct and indirect links between was variables was tested using s…

Socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, health behaviours and incidence of dental caries in 12-year-old children living in deprived communities in Manaus, Brazil

Objectives This study examines the relationships between socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, health-related behaviours and the incidence of dental caries amongst 12-year-old schoolchildren living in deprived communities in Manaus, Brazil. Methods A longitudinal study involving 312 children aged 12 years was conducted in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Baseline data including socio-economic status (number of goods, household overcrowding, parents’ schooling, family income), psychosocial factors (sense of coherence [SOC-13], social support [Social Support Appraisals questionnaire]) and health-related behaviours (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar consumption, sedentary behaviour) were col…

Periodontal diseases: is it possible to prevent them? A populational and individual approach

Abstract Periodontal diseases are infectious inflammatory chronic diseases of a multifactorial nature. They are primarily caused by dysbiotic ecological changes in dental biofilm, which may be influenced by risk factors. The prevention of periodontal diseases may involve different strategies focused on reducing distal, intermediate, and proximal risk factors at both the population and individual levels. Effective prevention depends on interdisciplinary and common risk factor approaches. Also, patient-centered preventive models are more effective than professional-centered models in the management of periodontal diseases. Regular and periodic control of dental biofilm is an essential measure…

Common determinants of dental caries and obesity in children: A multi-ethnic nested birth cohort study in the United Kingdom

The article examines the common determinants of childhood dental caries and obesity. Longitudinal data from the Born in Bradford cohort study (BiB1000) (n = 1735) and dental data (dental general anaesthetics (GA) and oral health survey 2014/15) (n = 171) were used to test a framework on the social determinants of childhood dental caries (decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index) and obesity (body mass index (BMI)). The BiB1000 data were collected at pregnancy week 26–28 and after birth at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months. The determinants were demographics, wellbeing, socio-economic status (SES), dietary behaviours and physical activity behaviour of the children. Missing data were accounted f…

The influence of change on sense of coherence on dental services use among adolescents: a two-year prospective follow-up study.

Abstract Background To investigate the influence of change on sense of coherence (SOC) on dental services use in adolescents over a two-year period. Methods A prospective follow-up study was conducted involving 334 12-year-old adolescents from public schools in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The predictors of use of dental services in the last 12 months were selected according to the Andersen’s behavioural theoretical model. The predisposing factors included sex, self-reported skin colour and SOC. The enabling factors were dental insurance, monthly family income and parents/guardians schooling. Dental pain, perceived oral health status, dental caries and gingival status were used to …

Frailty and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Poor oral health has been associated with frailty among older adults. However, limited evidence has been available on whether frailty can affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between frailty and OHRQoL among community-dwelling older adults. A household-based cross-sectional study involving community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older was conducted in the city of Bauru, Brazil. Data on frailty status, sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived dental care needs, and OHRQoL (OHIP-14) were collected through individual interviews. The use of and the need for total dental prostheses were as…

Making white spots disappear! Do minimally invasive treatments improve incisor opacities in children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation?

BACKGROUND Children with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) frequently seek aesthetic treatment for incisor opacities. Surprisingly few studies have evaluated the clinical success of such interventions. AIM To quantify the effectiveness of minimally invasive treatments in reducing enamel opacity visibility in children with MIH. DESIGN This in-vitro study used digital clinical images of 23 children aged 8-16 years with MIH who underwent microabrasion and/or resin infiltration for management of incisor opacities. Standard images were taken pre- and six-months post-treatment. Image software (Image-Pro Plus®V7) was employed to convert 24-bit RGB images to 16-bit grey-scale and 45% magnifica…

Frailty and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Poor oral health has been associated with frailty among older adults. However, limited evidence has been available on whether frailty can affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between frailty and OHRQoL among community-dwelling older adults. A household-based cross-sectional study involving community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older was conducted in the city of Bauru, Brazil. Data on frailty status, sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived dental care needs, and OHRQoL (OHIP-14) were collected through individual interviews. The use of and the need for total dental prostheses were as…

Periodontal diseases: is it possible to prevent them? A populational and individual approach

Abstract Periodontal diseases are infectious inflammatory chronic diseases of a multifactorial nature. They are primarily caused by dysbiotic ecological changes in dental biofilm, which may be influenced by risk factors. The prevention of periodontal diseases may involve different strategies focused on reducing distal, intermediate, and proximal risk factors at both the population and individual levels. Effective prevention depends on interdisciplinary and common risk factor approaches. Also, patient-centered preventive models are more effective than professional-centered models in the management of periodontal diseases. Regular and periodic control of dental biofilm is an essential measure…