Leptonic Flavor-changing Z0 Decays in SU(2)xU(1) Theories with Right- handed Neutrinos

We analyze possible lepton-flavor-violating decays of the $Z^0$ particle in a minimal extension of the Standard Model, in which one right-handed neutral field for each family has been introduced. Such rare leptonic decays are induced by Majorana neutrinos at the first electroweak loop level and are generally not suppressed by the ordinary "see-saw" mechanism. In particular, we find that experimental bounds on branching ratios of the order of $10^{-5}-10^{-6}$ attainable at $LEP$ may impose constraints on lepton-flavor-mixing parameters and the masses of the heavy Majorana neutrinos.

A QCD calculation of the pion-nucleon sigma-term

We present the results of a QCD sum rule calculation of the pion-nucleon sigma-term. Depending on the uncertain value of the four quark condensate we obtain σ=10...40 MeV.

Finite energy chiral sum rules in QCD

The saturation of QCD chiral sum rules of the Weinberg-type is analyzed using ALEPH and OPAL experimental data on the difference between vector and axial-vector correlators (V-A). The sum rules exhibit poor saturation up to current energies below the tau-lepton mass. A remarkable improvement is achieved by introducing integral kernels that vanish at the upper limit of integration. The method is used to determine the value of the finite remainder of the (V-A) correlator, and its first derivative, at zero momentum: $\bar{\Pi}(0) = - 4 \bar{L}_{10} = 0.0257 \pm 0.0003 ,$ and $\bar{\Pi}^{\prime}(0) = 0.065 \pm 0.007 {GeV}^{-2}$. The dimension $d=6$ and $d=8$ vacuum condensates in the Operator P…

Higgs-boson radiative corrections to the decayS13(QQ¯)→Hγ

We consider one-loop radiative corrections to the Wilczek mechanism (/sup 3/S/sub 1/(QQ-bar)..-->..H..gamma..) due to a subset of the electroweak theory, the Higgs sector, in the standard model and discuss extensions to two-Higgs-doublet models. We discuss the circumstances under which such corrections can be important.

form factor at order of chiral perturbation theory

Abstract This paper describes the calculation of the electromagnetic form factor of the K 0 meson at order p 6 of chiral perturbation theory which is the next-to-leading order correction to the well-known p 4 result achieved by Gasser and Leutwyler. On the one hand, at order p 6 the chiral expansion contains 1- and 2-loop diagrams which are discussed in detail. Especially, a numerical procedure for calculating the irreducible 2-loop graphs of the sunset topology is presented. On the other hand, the chiral Lagrangian L (6) produces a direct coupling of the K 0 current with the electromagnetic field tensor. Due to this coupling one of the unknown parameters of L (6) occurs in the contribution…

Spectral Functions for Heavy-Light Currents and Form Factor Relations in Hqet

We derive relations among form factors describing the current-induced transitions: (vacuum) $\rightarrow B,B^{*}, B \pi, B^{*} \pi, B \rho$ and $B^{*} \rho$ using heavy quark symmetry. The results are compared to corresponding form factor relations following from identities between scalar and axial vector, and pseudoscalar and vector spectral functions in the heavy quark limit.

Generalized on-shell renormalization of heavy quarks

A generalized on-shell (GOS) renormalization scheme of QCD is developed to evaluate the renormalization of heavy quark wave functions and currents. All large logarithms arising from the physical range of quark masses and momentum transferq 2 can be absorbed into wave function and vertex renormalization. Our results are more general than those of the heavy quark effective theory and agree with the latter only at zero recoil. The proposed GOS scheme is very suitable for the μ/m Q expansion. As an application we discuss the renormalization of the flavour changing currentsb-c, t-b andt-c.

Scaling violation in the infinite-momentum frame

The theory of scaling violation is studied in asymptotically free gauge theories formulated in the infinite-momentum frame. The transition probabilities occurring in the equation governing the q/sup 2/ dependence of the parton distributions are calculated directly. The equivalence of this formalism for the longitudinal parton distributions with the usual one based on the operator-product expansion is demonstrated. The assets of our method are calculational simplicity and reference to physical intuition.

Strange quark condensate from QCD sum rules to five loops

It is argued that it is valid to use QCD sum rules to determine the scalar and pseudoscalar two-point functions at zero momentum, which in turn determine the ratio of the strange to non-strange quark condensates $R_{su} = \frac{}{}$ with ($q=u,d$). This is done in the framework of a new set of QCD Finite Energy Sum Rules (FESR) that involve as integration kernel a second degree polynomial, tuned to reduce considerably the systematic uncertainties in the hadronic spectral functions. As a result, the parameters limiting the precision of this determination are $\Lambda_{QCD}$, and to a major extent the strange quark mass. From the positivity of $R_{su}$ there follows an upper bound on the latt…

Determination of the strange-quark mass from QCD pseudoscalar sum rules

A new determination of the strange-quark mass is discussed, based on the two-point function involving the axial-vector current divergences. This Green function is known in perturbative QCD up to order O(alpha_s^3), and up to dimension-six in the non-perturbative domain. The hadronic spectral function is parametrized in terms of the kaon pole, followed by its two radial excitations, and normalized at threshold according to conventional chiral-symmetry. The result of a Laplace transform QCD sum rule analysis of this two-point function is: m_s(1 GeV^2) = 155 pm 25 MeV.

Chiral sum rules and duality in QCD

The ALEPH data on the vector and axial-vector spectral functions, extracted from tau-lepton decays is used in order to test local and global duality, as well as a set of four QCD chiral sum rules. These are the Das-Mathur-Okubo sum rule, the first and second Weinberg sum rules, and a relation for the electromagnetic pion mass difference. We find these sum rules to be poorly saturated, even when the upper limit in the dispersion integrals is as high as $3 GeV^{2}$. Since perturbative QCD, plus condensates, is expected to be valid for $|q^{2}| \geq \cal{O}$$(1 GeV^{2})$ in the whole complex energy plane, except in the vicinity of the right hand cut, we propose a modified set of sum rules with…

Theoretical determination of the hadronic (g-2) of the muon

An approach is discussed on the determination of the leading order hadronic contribution to the muon anomaly, $a_\mu^{HAD}$, based entirely on theory. This method makes no use of $e^+ e^-$ annihilation data, a likely source of the current discrepancy between theory and experiment beyond the $3\, \sigma$ level. What this method requires is essentially knowledge of the first derivative of the vector current correlator at zero-momentum. In the heavy-quark sector this is obtained from the well known heavy quark expansion in perturbative QCD, leading to values of $a_\mu^{HAD}$ in the charm- and bottom-quark region which were fully confirmed by later lattice QCD (LQCD) results. In the light-quark…

Light quark condensates from QCD sum rules

The light quark condensates have been determined by two different methods: By Laplace transformed QCD sum rules together with an improved hadronic continuum from extended PCAC and by analytic continuation by duality (ACD) of the asymptotic QCD amplitude. Both methods yield compatible results. The PCAC corrections are considerably large: for theu, d quarks near 8% and for theu, s quarks of order 60%.

A detailed analysis ofD-,D s - andB-meson transition form factors and the determination of |V cb |

We study various transition form factors in semi-leptonic decays ofD-,Ds-,B- andBs-mesons using the pole dominance assumption. The vector current form factor is found to have only a negligible contribution to the decay rates involving pseudoscalar to vector transitions. In view of this fact we evaluate the form factors from present experimental data on the exclusive semi-leptonic decay rateΓ and the ratioΓl/ΓT of the longitudinal and transverse partial decay rates. Some non-leptonic two-body decay rates are also investigated using the factorization ansatz. Consistency with the semi-leptonic decays is found. The transition form factors of theD- andDs-mesons are found to contradict the predic…

The electromagnetic mass difference of pions from asymptotic QCD

We show how the asymptotic behaviour of an analytic amplitude can yield information on the amplitude at small space-like momenta. Applying this to QCD two-point functions, we are able to obtain low energy parameters without using resonance saturation. In the special case considered here, we have calculated the electromagnetic mass difference of pions using only the asymptotic QCD amplitude. The result, in very good agreement with experiment is\(\Delta m_\pi = 5.3 \pm 1.5MeV.\)

Unified QCD determination of all pseudoscalar leptonic decay constants

Leptonic decay constants of all pseudoscalar mesons are determined in QCD by means of a new QCD sum-rule method. In the light meson and heavy quark limit the results are very similar and also agree with the well-known PCAC and scaling predictions respectively. The corrections to light meson pole dominance are generally small while those to the heavy quark limit are found to be sensitive to the binding energy (i.e. meson and quark mass differences). For standard values of quark masses we obtainfπ=132 MeV,fk=161 MeV,fB=128±28 MeV,fD=175±13 MeV,fBs=144±30 MeV andfDs=193±12 MeV.

NonleptonicKdecay rate in terms of spectral-function integrals: A short-distance approach

In unified gauge theories of the weak and electromagnetic interactions it is shown that the matrix element for the decay ${K}_{S}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\pi}$ can reliably be expressed in terms of integrals over spectral functions if (i) modified spectral-function sum rules of the Das, Mathur, and Okubo type are valid, or if (ii) the strong interactions are asymptotically free and the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism holds. In these cases the contributions of the low-lying pseudoscalar and vector mesons to the spectral-function integrals suffice to account for the decay rate.

The factorization method for electrical impedance tomography data from a new planar device.

We present numerical results for two reconstruction methods for a new planar electrical impedance tomography device. This prototype allows noninvasive medical imaging techniques if only one side of a patient is accessible for electric measurements. The two reconstruction methods have different properties: one is a linearization-type method that allows quantitative reconstructions; the other one, that is, the factorization method, is a qualitative one, and is designed to detect anomalies within the body.

Parity-violating effects in electroproduction of theΔ(1232)by polarized electrons

Parity-violating effects in the (quasi)elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from spin-\textonehalf{} targets are discussed in the framework of the unified guage theories of weak and electromagnetic interactions. In particular, the $R\ensuremath{-}L$ asymmetry in electroproduction of the $\ensuremath{\Delta}(1232)$ is studied in considerable detail, taking into account the full spin-$\frac{3}{2}$ structure of this resonance. Our results are valid for all values of $E$ and the entire range of ${Q}^{2}$. Numerical predictions are given for the standard Weinberg-Salam model at several energies of the electron beam.

A QCD calculation of the pion scalar form factor (σ-term)

Abstract The scalar pion form factor (also known as σ-term) is calculated from the QCD Green function approach. The result at q 2 = 0 is in excellent agreement with the PCAC prediction. We also present the q 2 -dependence of the form factor which allows us to obtain the scalar radius of the pion as 〈 r 2 〉 π s = 12.6 ± 1.3 GeV −2 .

The scalar form factor in the exclusive semi-leptonic decay of B→π+τ+ντ

Abstract Using current algebra and the soft pion theory we derive the Callan-Treiman type relation ƒ(t max )≅ ƒ B ƒ π for the scalar form factor in the exclusive semi-leptonic decay B→π+τ+ντ.

Determination of resonance parameters in QCD by functional analysis methods

A mathematically rigorous method based on functional analysis is used to determine resonance parameters of an amplitude from its given asymptotic expression in the space-like region. This method is checked on a model amplitude where both the asymptotic expression and the exact function are known. This method is then applied to the determination of the mass and the width of the ρ-meson from the corresponding space-like asymptotic QCD expression.

Unified QCD determination of all vector meson coupling constants

Coupling constants of all vector mesons are determined in QCD by means of a new QCD sum-rule method. The results are found to be sensitive to the binding energy (i.e. meson and quark mass differences). For standard values of quark masses we obtainf ϱ=202 MeV,f K*=216 MeV,f D*=212±22 MeV,f B*=138±42 MeV, $$f_{D_s^* } = 238 \pm 21\,MeV$$ and $$f_{B_s^* } = 163 \pm 45\,MeV$$ . Based on this approach the spin-flavour symmetry for the heavy quark systems are also discussed.

Lepton hadron angular correlations in semileptonic ? decays

We studyT-odd triple momentum correlations in exclusive semileptonic ∋-decays into three pseudoscalar mesons. We define asymmetry ratios that measure theseT-odd correlations and show how to separate the unitarity contribution from the trueCP-violating contributions. TheCP-violating contributions to the asymmetry ratios would have to come from new non-Standard Model sources as theCP-violating Standard Model contributions to the asymmetry ratios are zero. We discuss two extensions of the Standard Model that give rise to nonvanishingCP-violating triple momentum correlations, namely a left-right symmetric model and a multi Higgs boson model. Numerical results on triple momentum correlations are…

Is a low-mass Z° in general SU (2) ⊗ U (1) gauge theories compatible with experiment?

Abstract It is shown that any simple SU (2) ⊗ U (1) gauge theory with a Z° mass much lower than the W ± mass leads to serious conflicts with experiment. The case of deep inelastic neutral current reactions is discussed in greater detail.

The strange-quark mass from QCD sum rules in the pseudoscalar channel

QCD Laplace transform sum rules, involving the axial-vector current divergences, are used in order to determine the strange quark mass. The two-point function is known in QCD up to four loops in perturbation theory, and up to dimension-six in the non-perturbative sector. The hadronic spectral function is reconstructed using threshold normalization from chiral symmetry, together with experimental data for the two radial excitations of the kaon. The result for the running strange quark mass, in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme at a scale of 1 ${GeV}^{2}$ is: ${\bar m}_{s}(1 GeV^{2}) = 155 \pm 25 {MeV}$.

Charm-quark mass from weighted finite energy QCD sum rules

The running charm-quark mass in the scheme is determined from weighted finite energy QCD sum rules involving the vector current correlator. Only the short distance expansion of this correlator is used, together with integration kernels (weights) involving positive powers of s, the squared energy. The optimal kernels are found to be a simple pinched kernel and polynomials of the Legendre type. The former kernel reduces potential duality violations near the real axis in the complex s plane, and the latter allows us to extend the analysis to energy regions beyond the end point of the data. These kernels, together with the high energy expansion of the correlator, weigh the experimental and theo…

A practicableγ 5-scheme in dimensional regularization

We present a new simpleγ5 regularization scheme. We discuss its use in the standard radiative correction calculations including the anomaly contributions. The new scheme features an anticommutingγ5 which leads to great simplifications in practical calculations. We carefully discuss the underlying mathematics of ourγ5-scheme which is formulated in terms of simple projection operations.

Mass singularities in light quark correlators: the strange quark case

The correlators of light-quark currents contain mass-singularities of the form log(m^2/Q^2). It has been known for quite some time that these mass- logarithms can be absorbed into the vacuum expectation values of other operators of appropriate dimension, provided that schemes without normal- ordering are used. We discuss in detail this procedure for the case of the mass logarithms m^4 log(m^2/Q^2), including also the mixing with the other dimension-4 operators to two-loop order. As an application we present an improved QCD sum rule determination of the strange-quark mass. We obtain m_s(1 GeV)=171 \pm 15 MeV.

Conductivity imaging with interior potential measurements

In this article, we present two reconstruction methods intended to be used for conductivity imaging with data obtained from a planar electrical impedance tomography device for breast cancer detection. The inverse problem to solve is different from the classical inverse conductivity problem. We reconstruct the electrical conductivity of a two-dimensional domain from boundary measurements of currents and interior measurements of the potential. One reconstruction algorithm is based on a discrete resistor model; the other one is an integral equation approach for smooth conductivity distributions.

Universality-Breaking Effects in Leptonic Z Decays

We analyze the possibility of universality violation in diagonal leptonic decays of the $Z$ boson, in the context of interfamily "see-saw" models. In a minimal extension of the Standard Model with right-handed neutrino fields, we find that universality-breaking effects increase quadratically with the heavy Majorana neutrino mass and may be observed in the running $LEP$ experiments.

enhancement and the Glashow-Schnitzer-Weinberg sum rule

Abstract In 1967 Glashow, Schnitzer and Weinberg derived a sum rule in the soft-pion and soft kaon limit relating the ΔI= 1 2 non-leptonic K→2π amplitude to integrals over strange and non-strange spectral functions. Using the recent ALEPH data from τ-decay, we show that the sum rule, slightly modified to reduce contributions near the cut, yields the correct magnitude decay amplitude corresponding to the ΔI= 1 2 rule.

QCD vacuum condensates from tau-lepton decay data

The QCD vacuum condensates in the Operator Product Expansion are extracted from the final ALEPH data on vector and axial-vector spectral functions from $\tau$-decay. Weighted Finite Energy Sum Rules are employed in the framework of both Fixed Order and Contour Improved Perturbation Theory. An overall consistent picture satisfying chirality constraints can be achieved only for values of the QCD scale below some critical value $\Lambda\simeq350 {MeV}$. For larger values of $\Lambda$, perturbation theory overwhelms the power corrections. A strong correlation is then found between $\Lambda$ and the resulting values of the condensates. Reasonable accuracy is obtained up to dimension $d=8$, beyon…

Problems with the Breitenlohner-Maison γ5-scheme in flavour changing neutral currents

Abstract We calculate the flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) decay Z → Q q at one-loop order using two different γ 5 -prescriptions, namely the Breitenlohner-Maison-'t Hooft-Veltman (BM) γ 5 -scheme and a naively anticommuting γ 5 . The results obtained in the two schemes differ from one another. The BM γ 5 -scheme calculation violates the conventional Ward identity relating the Z → Q q and the unphysical scalar φ z → Q q proper vertices which the naive γ 5 -calculation satisfies. Hence, we conclude that it is incorrect to naively apply the BM γ 5 -scheme if the standard model is renormalized on-shell.

LeptonicCPasymmetries in flavor-changingH0decays

Leptonic flavor-changing ${H}^{0}$ decays with branching ratios of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$-${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ may constitute an interesting framework when looking for large $\mathrm{CP}$-violating effects. We show that leptonic $\mathrm{CP}$ asymmetries of an intermediate ${H}^{0}$ boson can be fairly large in natural scenarios of the minimal standard model with right-handed neutrinos, at a level that may be probed at future ${H}^{0}$ factories.

Order-$\alpha_s^3$ determination of the strange quark mass

We present a QCD sum rule calculation of the strange-quark mass including four-loop QCD corrections to the correlator of scalar currents. We obtain $\bar m_s(1$ GeV$)=205.5\pm 19.1$ MeV.

Gauge-Independent Analysis of K_L --> e \mu in Left-Right Models

The lepton-flavour-violating decay K_L --> e \mu is studied in detail within the context of SU(2)_R x SU(2)_L x U(1)_(B-L) models, which include heavy Majorana neutrinos. Particular attention is paid to the gauge independence of this decay process to one loop. In analogy with earlier studies on the K^0\bar{K}^0 mixing, it is explicitly shown how restoration of gauge invariance occurs in the decay amplitude containing the box diagrams, when the relevant Higgs-dependent self-energy and vertex graphs are taken into account in the on-shell skeleton renormalization scheme. Based on the analytic expressions so derived, we find that the branching ratio B(K_L --> e \mu) can be considerably enhanced…

Radiative Decays of the P-Wave Charmed Mesons

Minor (mainly numerical) corrections.

Including long-distance effects in theKL−KSmass splitting

In the framework of the standard model we propose an approach to the computation of the {ital K}{sub {ital L}}-{ital K}{sub {ital S}} mass difference which does not rely on an effective local Hamiltonian. Using partial conservation of axial-vector current, low-momentum Ward identities, and working at leading order in 1/{ital N}{sub {ital c}}, we relate box diagrams to others where strong interactions can be resummed. After subtracting the {ital K}-to-vacuum transitions, an expression involving only hadronic quantities is obtained. A numerical evaluation is performed by using a method of analytic continuation from the high-energy behavior given by QCD. The resulting contribution is found sma…

Duality in semileptonicτdecay

The branching ratios for all channels of tau decay are reconsidered within the framework of perturbative and nonperturbative QCD. The predictions agree with experiment.

QCD condensates from tau-decay data: A functional approach

We study a functional method to extract the V − A condensate of dimension 6 from a comparison of τ -decay data with the asymptotic space-like QCD prediction. Our result is in agreement within errors with that from conventional analyses based on finite energy sum rules.

Chiral sum rules and vacuum condensates from tau-lepton decay data

QCD finite energy sum rules, together with the latest updated ALEPH data on hadronic decays of the tau-lepton are used in order to determine the vacuum condensates of dimension $d=2$ and $d=4$. These data are also used to check the validity of the Weinberg sum rules, and to determine the chiral condensates of dimension $d=6$ and $d=8$, as well as the chiral correlator at zero momentum, proportional to the counter term of the ${\cal{O}}(p^4)$ Lagrangian of chiral perturbation theory, $\bar{L}_{10}$. Suitable (pinched) integration kernels are introduced in the sum rules in order to suppress potential quark-hadron duality violations. We find no compelling indications of duality violations in t…

correction to ƒB

Abstract The 1/m corrections to the B-meson decay constant ƒB (and the D-meson decay constant ƒD) of the heavy quark effective theory are calculated in the Green function approach. The corrections are found to be sensitive to the difference of the meson mass mB and the heavy quark mass mb. For mb=4.81 GeV we obtain a 100% correction to the heavy quark limit mb=mB. The scaling law of the ratio ƒB/ƒD is, however, quite well satisfied because of cancellations. For reasonable values of quark masses we obtain ƒ B = (130±20) MeV and ƒ D = (170±10) MeV .

QCD condensates of dimension D=6 and D=8 from hadronic τ-decays

Abstract The high-precision data from hadronic τ decays allows one to extract information on QCD condensates. Using the finalized ALEPH data, we obtain a more rigorous determination of the dimension 6 and 8 condensates for the ( V − A ) correlator. In particular, we find that the recent data fix a certain linear combination of these QCD condensates to a precision at the level of O(2)%. Our approach relies on more general assumptions than alternative approaches based on finite energy sum rules.

Bottom quark mass and QCD duality

The mass of the bottom quark is analyzed in the context of QCD finite energy sum rules. In contrast to the conventional approach, we use a large momentum expansion of the QCD correlator including terms to order \alpha _{s}^{2}(m_{b}^{2}/q^{2})^{6} with the upsilon resonances from e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data as main input. A stable result m_{b}(m_{b})=4.19\pm 0.05 GeV} for the bottom quark mass is obtained. This result agrees with the independent calculations based on the inverse moment analysis.

T-odd andCP-odd triple momentum correlations in the exclusive semi-leptonic charm meson decayD→K *(Kπ)lv l

We studyT-odd andCP-odd triple momentum correlations in exclusive semi-leptonic charm meson decaysD→K*(Kπ)lvl. We define asymmetry ratios that measure the trueCP-violating effects, andT-odd triple momentum correlation effects from unitarity contributions. Possible newCP-violating contributions are parametrized in terms of an effective four-fermion Hamiltonian whereCP-violating effects should come from new non-standard sources. A detailed analysis of the left-right model and the Weinberg Higgs-boson model ofCP-violation is carried out.

Flavor-changing decays of theZ0and leptoquarks

Many extensions of the standard model, e.g., certain composite models and some superstring- inspired'' E{sub 6} models, contain new scalar matter fields which couple to both quarks and leptons, i.e., leptoquarks. We consider leptonic flavor-changing decays of the {ital Z}{sup 0}, e.g., {ital Z}{sup 0}{r arrow}{mu}{sup +}{tau}{sup {minus}}, due to one-loop diagrams involving such leptoquarks. We find branching ratios which are at most {approx}10{sup {minus}7}, even assuming generous values for unknown Yukawa couplings.

Conductivity reconstructions using real data from a new planar electrical impedance tomography device

Abstract In this paper, we present results of reconstructions using real data from a new planar electrical impedance tomography device developed at the Institut fur Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat, Mainz, Germany. The prototype consists of a planar sensing head of circular geometry, and it was designed mainly for breast cancer detection. There are 12 large outer electrodes arranged on a ring of radius  cm where the external currents are injected, and a set of 54 point-like high-impedance inner electrodes where the induced voltages are measured. Two direct (i.e. non-iterative) reconstruction algorithms are considered: one is based on a discrete resistor model, and the other one is an …

DandDSdecay constants from QCD duality at three loops

Using special linear combinations of finite energy sum rules which minimize the contribution of the unknown continuum spectral function, we compute the decay constants of the pseudoscalar mesons B and Bs. In the computation, we employ the recent three loop calculation of the pseudoscalar two-point function expanded in powers of the running bottom quark mass. The sum rules show remarkable stability over a wide range of the upper limit of the finite energy integration. We obtain the following results for the pseudoscalar decay constants: fB = 178±14 MeV and fBs = 200±14 MeV. The results are somewhat lower than recent predictions based on Borel transform, lattice computations or HQET. Our sum …

Neutral-current effects in elastic electron-nucleon scattering

Evaluation of the flavor-changing vertexb→s+Husing the Breitenlohner-Maison-'t Hooft-Veltmanγ5scheme

We reevaluate the one-loop-induced flavor-changing vertex {ital b}(bottom){r arrow}{ital s}(strange)+{ital H}(Higgs boson) using the Breitenlohner--Maison--'t Hooft--Veltman {gamma}{sub 5} scheme. Our result agrees with the result of previous calculations that employed a naive anticommuting {gamma}{sub 5} if one consistently employs left-chiral fermion fields in the perturbation expansion.

B and B-s decay constants from QCD duality at three loops

Using special linear combinations of finite energy sum rules which minimize the contribution of the unknown continuum spectral function, we compute the decay constants of the pseudoscalar mesons B and B_s. In the computation, we employ the recent three loop calculation of the pseudoscalar two-point function expanded in powers of the running bottom quark mass. The sum rules show remarkable stability over a wide range of the upper limit of the finite energy integration. We obtain the following results for the pseudoscalar decay constants: f_B=178 \pm 14 MeV and f_{B_s}=200 \pm 14 MeV. The results are somewhat lower than recent predictions based on Borel transform, lattice computations or HQET…

T-odd and CP-odd triple momentum correlations in the exclusive semi-leptonic bottom meson decay

Abstract We study T-odd triple momentum correlations in exclusive semi-leptonic (S l ) bottom meson decays B → D ∗ (→ D π)+ l +ν l . We define asymmetry ratios that measure these T-odd triple momentum correlation effects. We provide a careful discussion of possible unitarity contributions to the asymmetry ratios. The conclusion is that strong interaction unitarity contributions are small or, in the case of one particular T-odd observable, absent. CP-violating contributions to the asymmetry ratios would have to come from new non-standard sources as there are no standard model contributions. Possible new CP-violating contributions are parametrized in terms of an effective four-fermion hamilto…

Up and down quark masses from Finite Energy QCD sum rules to five loops

The up and down quark masses are determined from an optimized QCD Finite Energy Sum Rule (FESR) involving the correlator of axial-vector divergences, to five loop order in Perturbative QCD (PQCD), and including leading non-perturbative QCD and higher order quark mass corrections. This FESR is designed to reduce considerably the systematic uncertainties arising from the (unmeasured) hadronic resonance sector, which in this framework contributes less than 3-4% to the quark mass. This is achieved by introducing an integration kernel in the form of a second degree polynomial, restricted to vanish at the peak of the two lowest lying resonances. The driving hadronic contribution is then the pion …

QCD duality and the mass of the Charm Quark

The mass of the charm quark is analyzed in the context of QCD finite energy sum rules using recent BESII e+e- annihilation data and a large momentum expansion of the QCD correlator which incorporates terms to order (alpha_s)^2 (m_c^2/q^2)^6. Using various versions of duality, we obtain the consistent result m_c(m_c)=(1.37 +- 0.09)GeV. Our result is quite independent of the ones based on the inverse moment analysis.

Chiral condensates from tau decay: a critical reappraisal

The saturation of QCD chiral sum rules is reanalyzed in view of the new and complete analysis of the ALEPH experimental data on the difference between vector and axial-vector correlators (V-A). Ordinary finite energy sum rules (FESR) exhibit poor saturation up to energies below the tau-lepton mass. A remarkable improvement is achieved by introducing pinched, as well as minimizing polynomial integral kernels. Both methods are used to determine the dimension d=6 and d=8 vacuum condensates in the Operator Product Expansion, with the results: {O}_{6}=-(0.00226 \pm 0.00055) GeV^6, and O_8=-(0.0053 \pm 0.0033) GeV^8 from pinched FESR, and compatible values from the minimizing polynomial FESR. Som…

Three-loop relation of quark $$\overline {MS} $$ and pole masses

We calculate, exactly, the next-to-leading correction to the relation between the $$\overline {MS} $$ quark mass, $$\bar m$$ , and the scheme-independent pole mass,M, and obtain $$\begin{gathered} \frac{M}{{\bar m(M)}} \approx 1 + \frac{4}{3}\frac{{\bar \alpha _s (M)}}{\pi } + \left[ {16.11 - 1.04\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{N_F - 1} {(1 - M_i /M)} } \right] \hfill \\ \cdot \left( {\frac{{\bar \alpha _s (M)}}{\pi }} \right)^2 + 0(\bar \alpha _s^3 (M)), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ as an accurate approximation forN F−1 light quarks of massesM i <M. Combining this new result with known three-loop results for $$\overline {MS} $$ coupling constant and mass renormalization, we relate the pole mass to the…

Ratio of strange to non-strange quark condensates in QCD

Laplace transform QCD sum rules for two-point functions related to the strangeness-changing scalar and pseudoscalar Green's functions $\psi(Q^2)$ and $\psi_5(Q^2)$, are used to determine the subtraction constants $\psi(0)$ and $\psi_5(0)$, which fix the ratio $R_{su}\equiv \frac{}{}$. Our results are $\psi(0)= - (1.06 \pm 0.21) \times 10^{-3} {GeV}^4$, $\psi_5(0)= (3.35 \pm 0.25) \times 10^{-3} {GeV}^4$, and $R_{su}\equiv \frac{}{} = 0.5 \pm 0.1$. This implies corrections to kaon-PCAC at the level of 50%, which although large, are not inconsistent with the size of the corrections to Goldberger-Treiman relations in $SU(3)\otimes SU(3)$.

Confronting QCD with the experimental hadronic spectral functions from tau-decay

The (non-strange) vector and axial-vector spectral functions extracted from $\tau $-decay by the ALEPH collaboration are confronted with QCD in the framework of a Finite Energy QCD sum rule (FESR) involving a polynomial kernel tuned to suppress the region beyond the kinematical end point where there is no longer data. This effectively allows for a QCD FESR analysis to be performed beyond the region of the existing data. Results show excellent agreement between data and perturbative QCD in the remarkably wide energy range $s = 3 - 10 {GeV}^2$, leaving room for a dimension $d$ =4 vacuum condensate consistent with values in the literature. A hypothetical dimension $d$=2 term in the Operator Pr…

Strange quark mass from Finite Energy QCD sum rules to five loops

The strange quark mass is determined from a new QCD Finite Energy Sum Rule (FESR) optimized to reduce considerably the systematic uncertainties arising from the hadronic resonance sector. As a result, the main uncertainty in this determination is due to the value of $\Lambda_{QCD}$. The correlator of axial-vector divergences is used in perturbative QCD to five-loop order, including quark and gluon condensate contributions, in the framework of both Fixed Order (FOPT), and Contour Improved Perturbation Theory (CIPT). The latter exhibits very good convergence, leading to a remarkably stable result in the very wide range $s_0 = 1.0 - 4.0 {GeV}^2$, where $s_0$ is the radius of the integration co…