0000000000023562
AUTHOR
Ricardo Jimenez
Effect of the juvenile hormone analogue fenoxycarb applied via the host on the parasitoid Phanerotoma (Phanerortoma) ocularis Kohl (Hym. Braconidae)
Abstract Concentrations of 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 μg/ml of fenoxycarb (Ro 13-5223) were applied topically to larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller parasitized by Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis Kohl. The effect of the treatment and concentration on parasitism rates, preimaginal mortality and emergence rates of the parasitoid were studied comparatively for each larval instar of the host considered. The preimaginal mortality was high when the fenoxycarb was applied on the first larval instar of the host (23–46%) and more higher when applied to the sixth larval instar of the host (40–86%). Consequently, fenoxycarb treatment of the last larval instar of the host produced a reduction…
Morphological abnormalities induced by Fenoxycarb on the ectoparasitic larval stage ofPhanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularisKohl (Hym., Braconidae)
The Juvenile Hormone Analog Fenoxycarb at concentrations of 0.001 μg/ml, 0.005 μ/ml, 0.01 μg/ml, 0.05 μg/ml and 0.1 μg/ml had an adverse effect on the ectoparasitic larva of Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis when topically applied. The total percentage of abnormalities obtained was higher (63.3 %-93.3 %) if the treatment was applied on the third substage than when it was applied on the fourth substage (53.3 %-76.7%). The activity rate was concentration dependent for both substages. Zusammenfassung Durch Fenoxycarb-Behandlung hervorgerufene Abnormitaten bei Larven des Ektoparasiten Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis Kohl (Hym., Braconidae) Topikalbehandlung der Larven von Phanerotoma (Phane…
Parasitization ofEphestia kuehniellaZeller (Lep., Pyralidae) byPhanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularisKohl (Hym., Braconidae)
Laboratory studies of the parasitism by P. (P.) ocularis into E. kuehniella showed that this parasitoid had a great capacity to parasitize the host. Real parasitism rate turned between 84.5% and 100% whereas effective parasitism and adult emergence rate were, comparatively, lower. Superparasitism rate was low (16.57 %). Zusammenfassung Parasitierung von Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep., Pyralidae) durch Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis Kohl (Hym., Braconidae). Parasitismus, Superparasitismus und Schlupfraten Laboruntersuchungen zur Parasitierung von Ephestia kuehniella durch P. (P.) ocularis zeigten, das dieser Parasitoid eine sehr hohe Parasitierungsleistung hat. Die reale Rate lag zwisc…
New Spanish Dinotrema species with propodeal areola or mainly sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)
The illustrated descriptions of eight new species of the genus Dinotrema with either the propodeum mainly sculptured ora large propodeal areola from Spain are provided, viz. D. amparoae sp. n., D. benifassaense sp. n., D. lagunasense sp. n., D. pilarae sp. n., D. robertoi sp. n., D. teresae sp. n., D. tinencaense sp. n., and D. torreviejaense sp. n..
Morphological abnormalities induced by Fenoxycarb on the pupa ofPhanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularisKohl (Hym., Braconidae)
Fenoxycarb at concentrations of 0.001 μg/ml, 0.005 μg/ml, 0.01 μg/ml, 0.05μg/ml and 0.1 μg/ml had an adverse effect on the pupa of Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis. When topically applied, it induced morphological abnormalities. The percentage of anomalous obtained depended of developmental pupal stage and was higher when was applied in the first moment of development (80 %-90 %) than in the final of development (50%-60%). These anomalous was inviables. Zusammenfassung Morphologische Abnormitaten bei Puppen von Phanerotoma (Phanerotoma) ocularis Kohl (Hym., Braconidae) nach Einwirkung von Fenoxycarb Fenoxycarb, in Konzentrationen von 0.001 μg/ml, 0.0005 μg/ml, 0.01 μg/ml, 0.05 |μg/ml und …
Blattabacteria, the endosymbionts of cockroaches, have small genome sizes and high genome copy numbers.
Summary Blattabacteria are intracellular endosymbionts of cockroaches and primitive termites that belong to the class Flavobacteria and live only in specialized cells in the abdominal fat body of their hosts. In the present study we determined genome sizes as well as genome copy numbers for the endosymbionts of three cockroach species, Blattella germanica, Periplaneta americana and Blatta orientalis. The sole presence of blattabacteria in the fat body was demonstrated by rRNA-targeting techniques. The genome sizes of the three blattabacteria were determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The resulting total genome sizes for the three symbionts were all approximately 650 15 kb. Compari…
The requirement for the inclusion of formulation efficacy trials in pesticide preregistration evaluations
BACKGROUND: Optimization of biocide use could serve to reduce the risks of biocides on human health. To optimize the risk/benefit ratio, it is important to develop procedures for evaluating the efficacy of biocide formulations. The authors examined the effectiveness of ten pyrethroid insecticide aerosol formulations registered for the household control of flies. Tests were performed using adult Musca domestica L. Knockdown effects and mortality were measured in a test chamber using the manufacturer's recommended discharge time. RESULTS: The knockdown effect varied greatly between aerosols of similar composition. The knockdown 15 min post-treatment was 66–98% for flies placed 120 cm above fl…