0000000000026529
AUTHOR
Marta Millán
The Impact of Estrogen Decline on Other Noncommunicable Diseases
Estrogens have specific receptors spread out in various systems of the organism. The drastic hormonal fall after menopause may be followed by a series of effects, which may be more or less relevant in the different areas of the organism. The bone constitutes a field that clearly reflects that impact, and postmenopausal osteoporosis has received attention in one ad hoc chapter. The present chapter reviews the impact on functions of the central nervous system, particularly cognition and mood, the skeletal system, specifically osteoarthritis, and the cardiovascular system. The obvious interest of the chapter derives from the importance of the selected systems, which may house highly prevalent …
The Impact of Hormone Therapy on Health
Hormone therapy (HT) has menopausal symptom control as the main indication. However, and because estrogens have receptors spread over many systems in the body, the use of hormones may have consequences on health. Hormone therapy consists of estrogens essentially, since menopausal symptoms mainly derive from estrogen deprivation at different target tissues. However, the normal ovarian cycle includes the regular secretion of progesterone during the days of the luteal phase. Progesterone has a neutralizing effect over endometrial proliferation, this being the reason for adding progestogens to HT formulations in order to protect endometrium. So, guidelines recommend that women with uterus use e…