0000000000043150
AUTHOR
R. Aderjan
Postmortem distribution of dihydrocodeine and metabolites in a fatal case of dihydrocodeine intoxication.
A report of a fatal dihydrocodeine ingestion under substitution therapy is given. Quantitation of dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, N-nordihydrocodeine, dihydrocodeine-6-, dihydromorphine-6- and dihydromorphine-3-glucuronide was performed simultaneously after solid-phase extraction prior to HPLC analysis, and the analytes were detected using their native fluorescence. Postmortem concentrations of blood samples from different sampling sites as well as from liver, kidney and cerebrum are reported. A hair sample was investigated to prove long-term use of the substitute drug. Site-to-site differences of the analytes from blood samples were very small. The partition behavior of the opioid glucuro…
Freie und glucuronidierte Cannabinoide im Urin - Untersuchungen zur Einschätzung des Konsumverhaltens
Spontanurinproben (n = 135) von ¶49 Cannabiskonsumenten wurden auf freie und glucuronidierte Tetrahydrocannabinolcarbonsaure (THCCOOH) mittels LC/MS/MS sowie auf freies und glucuronidiertes Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) und 11-Hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) mittels GC/MS direkt sowie nach enzymatischer Hydrolyse bis zu 10 Tagen nach dem letztmaligen Konsum untersucht. Die Einteilung des Konsumverhaltens erfolgte in schwer, moderat und leicht und orientierte sich an den Zuordnungskriterien neuerer, einschlagiger Publikationen. Die Konzentrationsangaben fur freie und glucuronidierte THCCOOH wurden auf 100 mg Kreatinin/dL Urin bezogen. In den Konsumentengruppen schwer, moderat und leicht…
An In Vitro Experiment for Postmortem Vascular Permeation. The Passage of Morphine and Morphine Glucuronides Across a Vascular Wall
A venous blood sample taken at autopsy cannot be considered to represent the antemortem blood concentration of a particular substance. Autolytic processes cause disintegration and increasing permeability of the physiological and anatomical barriers such as vascular walls and lead to changes in substance concentrations. In the present study, the experimental design represents an in vitro postmortem simulation of a drug substance crossing a venous wall. The postmortem behavior of morphine, morphine-3- and morphine-6-glucuronide was investigated. A Chien-Valia-diffusion chamber with a patch of inferior vena cava as diffusion barrier was used. For optimal simulation of postmortem events, vein s…
Short-Term Stability of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD), N-Desmethyl-LSD, and 2-Oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD in Urine, Assessed by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is one of the most potent hallucinogenic agents known. Recently, data on emergency department episodes related to the use of drugs commonly thought as “club drugs” have also included LSD (1). Confirmation of LSD use by testing biological fluids is still an analytical challenge because of its extensive, rapid metabolism and its instability (2)(3)(4). After ingestion of a typical street dose (40–120 μg), the concentration of LSD in urine falls to <1 μg/L within a few hours (2)(5)(6). Recently, N -desmethyl-LSD (nor-LSD) and 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD) have been identified as LSD metabolites in human urine (7)(8). Measured nor-LSD concentrations were reported…
Saliva testing after single and chronic administration of dihydrocodeine.
In the present study, concentrations of dihydrocodeine and its metabolites in saliva and serum were compared after single low-dose and chronic high-dosage administration of the drug. In the first investigation, blood and saliva were collected periodically from six subjects after oral administration of 60 mg dihydrocodeine. In the second study, 20 subjects on oral dihydrocodeine maintenance provided single samples of blood and saliva simultaneously. Serum protein binding of salivary analytes and their recovery from the adsorbing material of the collection device as well as pH values of saliva samples were determined. The fluids were analyzed for dihydrocodeine and the major metabolites by hi…