Repeated Hyperosmolar Exposure Of Bronchial Epithelial Cells: A Model Of Exercise-Induced Airways Damage

Tissue oxygenation in brain, muscle and fat in a rat model of sleep apnea: differential effect of obstructive apneas and intermittent hypoxia.

Study Objectives: To test the hypotheses that the dynamic changes in brain oxygen partial pressure (PtO 2) in response to obstructive apneas or to intermittent hypoxia differ from those in other organs and that the changes in brain PtO 2 in response to obstructive apneas is a source of oxidative stress. Design: Prospective controlled animal study. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: 98 Sprague-Dawley rats. Interventions: Cerebral cortex, skeletal muscle, or visceral fat tissues were exposed in anesthetized animals subjected to either obstructive apneas or intermittent hypoxia (apneic and hypoxic events of 15 s each and 60 events/h) for 1 h. Measurements and Results: Arterial oxyge…

Pre-treatment with mesenchymal stem cells reduces ventilator-induced lung injury

ckground information: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce acute lung injury in animals challenged by bleomycin or bacterial lipopolysaccaride. It is not known, however, whether MSCs protect from ventilator- induced lung injury (VILI). Question of the study: Whether MSCs have a potential role in preventing or modulating VILI in healthy rats subjected to high-volume ventilation. Materials and methods: 24 Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were subjected to high- volume mechanical ventilation (25 ml/kg). MSCs (5x106) were intravenously or intratracheally administered (N=8 each) 30 min before starting over-ventilation and 8 rats were MSC-untreated. Spontaneously breathing anes…

Obesity and intermittent hypoxia increase tumor growth in a mouse model of sleep apnea.

Background: Intermittent hypoxia and obesity which are two pathological conditions commonly found in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), potentially enhance cancer progression. Objective: To investigate whether obesity and/or intermittent hypoxia (IH) mimicking OSA affect tumor growth. Methods: A subcutaneous melanoma was induced in 40 mice [22 obese (40–45 g) and 18 lean (20–25 g)] by injecting 106 B16F10 cells in the flank. Nineteen mice (10 obese/9 lean) were subjected to IH (6 h/day for 17 days). A group of 21 mice (12 obese/9 lean) were kept under normoxia. At day 17, tumors were excised, weighed and processed to quantify necrosis and endothelial expression of vascular endothe…

International consensus document on obstructive sleep apnea

"Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM"

Challenges and perspectives in obstructive sleep apnoea: Report by an ad hoc working group of the Sleep Disordered Breathing Group of the European Respiratory Society and the European Sleep Research Society

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a major challenge for physicians and healthcare systems throughout the world. The high prevalence and the impact on daily life of OSA oblige clinicians to offer effective and acceptable treatment options. However, recent evidence has raised questions about the benefits of positive airway pressure therapy in ameliorating comorbidities.An international expert group considered the current state of knowledge based on the most relevant publications in the previous 5 years, discussed the current challenges in the field, and proposed topics for future research on epidemiology, phenotyping, underlying mechanisms, prognostic implications and optimal treatment of pat…

Early and mid-term effects of obstructive apneas in myocardial injury and inflammation.

Abstract Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disorders, but the different comorbidities in OSA patients make it difficult to know their specific effects on the development of cardiovascular injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether recurrent obstructive apneas could lead to myocardial injury. Methods Thirty-six male Sprague–Dawley rats (300–350 g) were either acutely (3 h) or sustainably (5 h/day, for 10 days) subjected to obstructive apneas with a pattern of 15 s each, 60 apneas/h. Corresponding control groups were formed for the acute and sustained models. To assess the induction of systemic inflammation, IL1-β was measured in p…