Hybrid layers of etch-and-rinse versus self-etching adhesive systems.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness in the formation of resin tags, adhesive lateral branches and hybrid layers of five adhesive systems, when bonding to dentine. Material and Methods: Flat dentin surfaces from 25 molars were bonded with several adhesive systems according to the manufacturers? instructions. Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally with Tetric Ceram. The Specimens were sectioned parallel to the long axis. One section was treated with phosphoric acid and sodium hypochlorite in order to reveal the hybrid layer formation. The other section was stored in 30% hydrochloric acid to detect resin tags and adhesive lateral branch formation. Results: The two etch-and-rin…

Raccomandazioni cliniche in odontostomatologia

L’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità considera la salute orale come parte integrante, non solo dello stato di salute generale, ma anche della qualità della vita di ciascun individuo. In tale ottica, in accordo e con il sostegno del mondo professionale e della comunità scientifica di questo settore, le raccomandazioni cliniche in odontostomatologia contenute nel presente volume forniscono indicazioni e definiscono standard di intervento per la prevenzione e la cura delle più comuni patologie del cavo orale nonché per l’identificazione di percorsi terapeutici appropriati a supporto degli operatori pubblici e privati. Esse costituiscono, inoltre, uno strumento utile per mantenere alto il liv…

Biceps brachii muscle oxygenation in electrical muscle stimulation

The purpose of this study was to compare between electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and maximal voluntary (VOL) isometric contractions of the elbow flexors for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation (tissue oxygenation index, TOI) and haemodynamics (total haemoglobin volume, tHb = oxygenated-Hb + deoxygenated-Hb) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The biceps brachii muscle of 10 healthy men (23-39 years) was electrically stimulated at high frequency (75 Hz) via surface electrodes to evoke 50 intermittent (4-s contraction, 15-s relaxation) isometric contractions at maximum tolerated current level (EMS session). The contralateral arm performed 50 intermittent (4-s contrac…

Root canal adaptation and intra-tubular penetration of three fiber-post cementation systems

Background To measure the penetration of three bonding systems for the luting of fiber glass posts in endodontically treated teeth, using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and Methods A total of 30 maxillary incisors were shaped with the Mtwo system and filled with gutta-percha and Top Seal cement. The sample was divided into three groups (ni=10) according to the bonding system used to cement the posts: Group 1 (Prime&Bond NT and Rebilda DC with a total-etch technique); Group 2 (Futurabond DC and Rebilda DC with a dentin self-etch technique); and Group 3 (BisCem self-adhesive cement). Rhodamine B was added to the bonding systems to allow visualization by CLSM. Three 1-mm t…

Toothguide Training Box for Dental Color Choice Training

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the Toothguide Training Box (TTB) for training dental students in color identification. The seventy-four volunteers who took part in the study attended a seminar on the Vita 3D Master Guide (MG) and the TTB system as well as a demonstration of the equipment before training began. At the end of the training they took the TTB final test. In addition, the participants were asked to recognize ten MG shade tabs in a blind manner before and after TTB training. The training times and percentages of correct answers were compared using the paired t-test. Variations in scores with training times and percentages of correct answers before and after t…

Archaeology

I contributi della sezione "Archeologia" hanno offerto sguardi sul rapporto archeologia-architettura differenti, ma non diversi. Anzi in stretta relazione o similitudine analogica. Differenti, questi sguardi, perché diversi erano i luoghi, i contesti, i campi di applicazione di studio, di lettura critico-interpretativa e, in taluni casi, di sperimentazione di mirate idee progettuali. Da Villa Adriana a Palestrina, dal parco archeologico di Centocelle a quello di Elea-Velia nel Cilento, dalle vaste aree archeologiche urbane di Roma e di Milano alle straordinarie valli boscose dell’Etruria meridionale e a Bomarzo, sino al sito archeologico di Delo, nell'isola sacra di Apollo al centro dell'ar…

Assessment of gutta-percha adaptation with different root canal obturation techniques.

Geospatial modelling and map analysis allowed measuring regression of the upper limit of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows under human pressure

Abstract Marine coastal ecosystems are facing structural and functional changes due to the increasing human footprint worldwide, and the assessment of their long-term changes becomes particularly challenging. Measures of change can be done by comparing the observed ecosystem status to a purposely defined reference condition. In this paper, a geospatial modelling approach based on 2D mapping and morphodynamic data was used to predict the natural position of the upper limit (i.e., the landward continuous front) of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows settled on soft bottom. This predictive model, formerly developed at the regional spatial scale, was here applied for the first time at the Medit…

Ultrasound Effects after Post Space Preparation: An SEM Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on occlusion of dentine tubules in root canal walls after post space preparation in endodontically treated teeth. Twenty-four premolars were instrumented and filled using warm vertical condensation; after post space preparation, they were divided into two groups. The control group was treated using the etching procedure. The experiment samples were treated with EDTA irrigation and ultrasound activation for 30 s before the etching procedure. The roots were divided and the canal walls were examined under SEM at 1000x magnification. The debris and open tubule marks were observed at 2, 6, and 10 mm levels using a three-ste…

How can droplet formation occur in endodontically treated teeth during bonding procedures?

PURPOSE: The aim of this in vivo study was to clarify how blistering formation occurs along intraradicular dentin bonded interfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were selected and post space was prepared in vivo in endodontically treated teeth. Post space was etched, dried with ethanol, and bonded with one of the following adhesive systems: All Bond 2, XP-Bond, Clearfil SE Bond, Xeno III. The four adhesives were considered as representative of each bonding system class. An additional group was prepared with phosphoric acid treatment + application of Pre-Bond unfilled resin of All Bond 2, without the use of the primer agent. Etching was avoided for self-etching materials. Replicas of the …

Effectiveness of passive ultrasonic irrigation in improving elimination of smear layer and opening dentinal tubules

Objective: To compare the ability to eliminate debris and open dentinal tubules of different ultrasound irrigation procedures. Study Design: Forty extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with mechanical rotatory instrumentation, and divided into four groups: (n=10) according to the final irrigation technique: group A (control), 2.5% NaOCl irrigation with the Miraject needle and no ultrasonic agitation; group B, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with 2.5% NaOCl and Irrisafe 20 tips; group C, PUI with 2.5% NaOCl and Irrisafe 25 tips; group D, PUI with 2.5% NaOCl and K 25 tips. The amount of debris and the number of opened dentinal tubules was established by scanning electronic…

Surface debris of canal walls after post space preparation in endodontically treated teeth: A scanning electron microscopic study

Abstract Purpose To evaluate surface cleanliness of root canal walls along post space after endodontic treatment using 2 different irrigant regimens, obturation techniques, and post space preparation for adhesive bonding. Study design Forty teeth, divided into 4 groups, were instrumented, using Ni-Ti rotary files, irrigated with NaOCl or NaOCl + EDTA and obturated with cold lateral condensation (CLC) or warm vertical condensation (WVC) of gutta-percha. After post space preparation, etching, and washing procedure, canal walls were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Amount of debris, smear layer, sealer/gutta-percha remnants, and visibility of open tubules were rated. Result…

Cement system and surface treatment selection for fiber post luting

This literature review summarizes the recent research on fiber posts and provides information regarding their bonding to resinous cement or composites, based on the results of original scientific full-papers from peer-reviewed journals listed in Pub Med. The search was conducted evaluating the different materials available for luting fiber posts to radicular dentin. A consistent number of in vitro studies investigating different combinations of adhesive systems and luting agents for improving bond strength have been published so far. Their results have been summarized in the following categories: conventional resinous cements and self-adhesive cements. Low bond strength values and the lack …