On eleven-dimensional supergravity and chern?SIMONS Theory
We probe in some depth into the structure of eleven-dimensional, osp(32|1)-based Chern-Simons supergravity, as put forward by Troncoso and Zanelli (TZ) in 1997. We find that the TZ Lagrangian may be cast as a polynomial in 1/l, where l is a length, and compute explicitly the first three dominant terms. The term proportional to 1/l^9 turns out to be essentially the Lagrangian of the standard 1978 supergravity theory of Cremmer, Julia and Scherk, thus establishing a previously unknown relation between the two theories. The computation is nontrivial because, when written in a sufficiently explicit way, the TZ Lagrangian has roughly one thousand non-explicitly Lorentz-covariant terms. Specially…
El rebus sic stantibus en la contratación internacional
Luego de ser olvidada en el siglo XIX la doctrina del rebus sic stantibus fue rescatada a inicios del siglo XX, cuando se hizo necesario restablecer el equilibrio inicial de un contrato que se hubiera alterado por la ocurrencia de eventos imprevistos. Actualmente está consagrada en diversos ordenamientos jurídicos y goza de una aceptación general en el comercio internacional, donde se la considera como un principio de derecho y parte de la lex mercatoria, y es de mucha utilidad, sobre todo cuando se contrata con nacionales de países jurídica y políticamente inestables, donde hay mayor riesgo de que ocurran eventos imprevistos que alteren las obligaciones del contrato. After being forgotten …
Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe
Manuscript no. 2016-1147 Supplemental material is available at www.aaojournal.org/; International audience; [u]Purpose:[/u] Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a frequent, complex disorder in elderly of European ancestry. Risk profiles and treatment options have changed considerably over the years, which may have affected disease prevalence and outcome. We determined the prevalence of early and late AMD in Europe from 1990 to 2013 using the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium, and made projections for the future. [u]Design:[/u] Meta-analysis of prevalence data. [u]Participants:[/u] A total of 42 080 individuals 40 years of age and older participating in 14 population-based cohor…