0000000000062091
AUTHOR
U. Cordes
Plasma noradrenaline and the pressor action of exogenous noradrenaline in normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension.
1. An inverse relationship was found between plasma noradrenaline and reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline in normotensive subjects. 2. The relationship between plasma noradrenaline and reactivity was disturbed in age-matched patients with essential hypertension. 3. A multiple-regression analysis showed a highly significant correlation between adrenergic activity and reactivity to noradrenaline and the mean arterial blood pressure level (r = 0·91). The results suggest that adrenergic activity and pressor response to noradrenaline combined are important determinants of arterial blood pressure. 4. An inverse relationship could also be demonstrated between plasma renin activity and reactivity…
Gonadotropin Secretion in Eugonadotropic Human Males and Postmenopausal Females Under Long Term Application of a Potent Analog of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
Long-acting analogs are of special interest in long-term treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). However, inhibitory effects of agonist analogs on gonadotropin secretion or on reproductive processes have been observed in rats as well as in human males. Since these inhibitory effects seem to be dose-related, we checked the findings for d-Leu 6 -des-Gly 10 -GnRH-ethylamide within the dose range proposed by us for treatment. In six eugonadotropic human males, a significant decrease of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness to a standard dose of GnRH and significant decrease of testosterone basal secretion were observed after 2 and 4weeks of subcutaneo…
The effects of equal caloric amounts of xylitol, sucrose and starch on insulin requirements and blood glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetics
Xylitol has been suggested as a potentially useful sweetener in the diabetic diet. In 14 insulin-dependent diabetics a standard diabetic diet regimen was compared with diets in which starch was isocalorically exchanged in the breakfast meal by either 30 g xylitol or 30 g sucrose. Insulin requirement and blood glucose were measured using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. The results following breakfast with xylitol were similar to those after starch breakfasts. Sucrose, in contrast, induced a greater post-prandial rise in blood glucose levels despite counter-regulation by the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. Insulin requirement after sucrose significantly exceeded (p l…
The influence of penbutolol and placebo on blood sugar levels and insulin consumption in the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system ("artificial endocrine pancreas").
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of 40 mg of the beta-blocker penbutolol (Betapressin TM; Hoechst Ltd., Frankfurt/Main) in comparison to placebo on the insulin consumption on the blood sugar profile in twelve insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) patients. The patients were treated with penbutolol and placebo for a period of three days, and then were examined with the help of the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. The blood sugar profile and insulin consumption over a 24 hour period was not affected by either penbutolol or placebo, nor could any changes be measured in these parameters when measured after food intake. After a submaximal exercise load on the bicycle …
Gonadotropin and Testosterone Secretion in Normal Human Males After Stimulation With Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (Gnrh) or Potent Gnrh Analogs Using Different Modes of Application
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and some potent long-acting GnRH analogs, applied by different routes of administration, were tested in six healthy human males. The effects on gonadotropin secretion were compared with the one after intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of 25 microgram of GnRH. The net increase of luteinizing hormone (deltaLH) in serum produced by 25 microgram of GnRH i.v. was matched by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of 100 microgram of GnRH, dissolved in 20% gelatin or without gelatin; 5 microgram of D-Ser (TBU)6-des-Gly10-GnRH-ethylamide i.v.; 5 microgram of D-Leu6-des-Gly10-GnRH-ethylamide i.v.; and 50 microgram of D-Trp6-des Gly10-GnRH-ethylamide given pernasally (p.n…
Comparison of131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy with urinary and plasma catecholamine determinations in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma
In a retrospective study of 31 patients with suspected pheochromocytoma we examined the preoperative results of 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131-I-MIBG) scintigraphy and a fluorimetric urine catecholamine determination test. An additional radioenzymatic plasma catecholamine determination test was performed in 25 patients. In 14 of the 31 patients the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was later histologically confirmed. In the remaining 17 patients the suspected diagnosis was finally rejected after a clinical decision had been made on the basis of clinical history, symptoms, laboratory and imaging tests. 131-I-MIBG scintigraphy apparently had a very high specificity (no false-positive results a…
Nachweis der verbesserten Kohlenhydrattoleranz bei juvenilen Diabetikern durch Ein-satz eines neuen Saccharase-Hemmers
Wir haben versucht mit Hilfe eines Glykosidhydrolasen-Inhibitors die Aufnahme von Kohlenhydraten zu vermindern und somit eine Glattung im Tagesprofil und eine Insulineinsparung zu erreichen. Dabei wurde untersucht, ob eine Verbesserung der Glukosetoleranz durch Verminderung der postprandialen Blutzuckerspritzen, Senkung der Nuchternblutzuckerwerte und geringeren Insulinverbrauch zu erreichen sei. Es wurden an der „kunstlichen B-Zelle“ zehn juvenile Diabetiker uber je 2mal 48 Std beobachtet. Die Patienten hielten wahrend des Behandlungszeitraumes ihre bisherige Insulin-Therapie und isokalorische Ernahrung bei. In randomisierter Reihenfolge bekamen durch 2–3 Wochen Placebo und dann eine gleic…
Subcutaneous gonadotropin therapy in male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Objective The response to subcutaneous (SC) gonadotropin replacement therapy, using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) or hCG alone, was evaluated in male hypothalamic hypogonadism. Design Sixteen patients with hypothalamic hypogonadism were treated with gonadotropins for induction of puberty and normalization of spermatogenesis. The results were analyzed retrospectively. Setting The study was carried out in a clinical endocrinology department providing tertiary care and in private practices of endocrinology. Patients Eight patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and eight patients with Kallmann's syndrome in prepubertal or early pubert…
Szintigraphie adrenerger Tumoren mit 131J-meta-Benzylguanidin
Pheochromocytoma scanning using 131J-meta-benzylguanidine was done in one patient with metastasizing paraganglioma, one patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIb. No activity of tumour tissue could be demonstrated in the patient with metastasizing paraganglioma, whereas the pheochromocytoma could be clearly defined in the patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIa. The female with multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIb showed a suspect space-occupying lesion of the left adrenal using computed tomography. Pheochromocytoma could be excluded by 131J-benzylguanidine scanning, selective estimation of catecholamines in adrenal venous blood as well as the glucagon stimulation and c…
Knochenveränderungen bei Akromegalie
An 2 7 Frauen und 11 Mannern mit Akromegalie wurde die Knochendichte in Single-Photonenabsorptionstechnik am proximalen (uberwiegend Kompakta) und distalen (uberwiegend Spongiosa) Mespunkt des Unterarms untersucht. Die Knochendichte lag dabei am proximalen Mespunkt im zu erwartenden Altersnormbereich, am distalen Mespunkt war sie deutlich erhoht (p < 0,001). Die mit quantitativer Computertomographie gemessene Spongiosa der Lendenwirbelsaule fanden wir uber das Alter hinaus vermindert. Als Ausdruck eines gesteigerten Knochenabbaus fanden wir das Hydroxyprolin im Urin erhoht, wahrend sich das Osteocalcin als Marker der Osteoblastenaktivitat invers dazu verhielt.
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Abstract In normotensive subjects an inverse correlation was observed between an index of sympathetic nervous activity (the plasma-noradrenaline concentration during physical exercise) and reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline. This relationship was invariably disturbed in age-matched patients with essential hypertension. Multiple-regression analysis revealed a highly significant correlation between the combination of both factors and the height of mean arterial blood-pressure ( r =0·91). The findings suggest that sympathetic nervous activity and pressor response to noradrenaline together form an important determinant of the arterial blood-pressure level. An inverse relationship could be de…