Differential Associations of Coping Strategies With Grief and Depression in Young Adults: The Role of Cause of Death and Relationship to the Deceased

2020

Introduction: The impact of loss by death in young adults has been underinvestigated, although higher rates of traumatic deaths are reported at this developmental stage. This study examined the relative differential consequences of bereavement-related factors for Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD) and depression. In addition, coping strategies predicting the study outcomes were examined as a function of bereavement-related factors.Methods: The study included 580 bereaved young adults with up to 5-year post loss. They were administered a battery of valided tools measuring PCBD symptoms, normal acute grief reactions as measured by the Core Bereavement Items scale, depressive sympt…

SOIGNER AUX FRONTIÈRES : REGARD PSYCHODYNAMIQUE SUR LE QUOTIDIEN TRAUMATIQUE DES SOIGNANTS/RÉFUGIÉS

2017

Les soignants d’hôpitaux habitant et travaillant aux frontières turco-syriennes sont aussi des migrants ou des réfugiés syriens. Comme la population sinistrée, ils exercent leur activité professionnelle au rythme de la guerre et nécessitent également un accompagnement. Dans le cadre de l’Unité psychosociale d’une ONG internationale, un soutien psychologique en visio-conférence est proposé aux soignants en Syrie et en Turquie. Cet article propose un commentaire et une réflexion clinique sur le quotidien de ces soignants, leur santé mentale, ainsi que sur leurs mécanismes de survie psychiques, groupaux et culturels. Quatre vignettes cliniques sont commentées et discutées pour comprendre la co…

Accompagner le déménagement des mineurs non accompagnés : une étude exploratoire en protection de l’enfance

2018

Resume Objectifs Cet article vise a mettre en evidence les caracteristiques des trajectoires de jeunes mineurs non accompagnes, avant, pendant et apres la migration, et d’identifier les tuteurs de resilience qui leur permettent un accrochage aux nouveaux environnements et la possibilite de maintenir une continuite dans leurs histoires. Il montre la necessite d’accompagner leur demenagement. Methode A partir de donnees cliniques et institutionnelles issues d’examens psychologiques et de dossiers de 16 mineurs non accompagnes, 6 analyseurs sont utilises pour les traiter : antecedents traumatiques, raisons du depart, conditions de la traversee, conditions d’arrivee, parcours depuis l’arrivee, …

Psychometric properties of the Haitian Creole version of the Resilience Scale with a sample of adult survivors of the 2010 earthquake

2015

Abstract Background Resilience is defined as the ability of people to cope with disasters and significant life adversities. The present paper aims to investigate the underlying structure of the Creole version of the Resilience Scale and its psychometric properties using a sample of adult survivors of the 2010 earthquake. Methods A parallel analysis was conducted to determine the number of factors to extract and confirmatory factor analysis was performed using a sample of 1355 adult survivors of the 2010 earthquake from people of specific places where earthquake occurred with an average age of 31.57 (SD = 14.42). All participants completed the Creole version of Resilience Scale (RS), the Imp…

Multiple traumas and resilience among street children in Haiti: Psychopathology of survival

2017

Abstract In Haiti, as in several developing countries, the phenomenon of street children has become a major public health issue. These children are often victims of traumas and adverse life events. This article aimed to investigate traumas experienced by street children and their coping and resilience strategies used to deal with adversities in a logic of survival, relying on a mixed method approach. A group of 176 street children, aged 7–18 (n = 21 girls), recruited in Port-au-Prince, completed measures assessing PTSD, social support and resilience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to document traumatic experiences, factors related to resilience and coping strategies. After perfor…

Prevalence and correlates of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and the major role of stigmatization in low- and middle-income countries: A mult…

2021

Highlights • There are significant differences on the prevalence of depression between the four LMICs. • Stigmatization related to COVID-19, but not exposure to COVID-19 was the strongest predictor of depression. • Resilience was a protective factor for DR Congo and Togo. • Younger age, gender (female), and exposure and stigmatization related to Covid-19, and resilience were associated with depression in the pooled data.

Prevalence and determinants of post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression symptoms in street children survivors of the 2010 earthquake in…

2017

International audience; Working with street children and adolescents who lived through the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince, this paper aims to assess the prevalence of symptoms of PTSD, anxiety and depression in relation to peritraumatic distress, and age, and to explore other risk factors and socio-demographic characteristics, four years after the events. Between March and June 2014, with a sample of 128 children and adolescents (120 boys and 8 girls) aged between 7 and 18, of an average age of 13.88 (SD = 2.15), all living on the streets of Port-au-Prince, we used the following scales: the Trauma Exposure (TE), the Life Events Subscale of the CAPS; the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (…

Psychometric properties of the Resilience Scale - 14 in a sample of college students from France.

2018

Abstract Introduction In recent years, the integration of resilience in several psychological and medical studies underscores a need for resilience assessment measures with robust psychometric properties. This study aimed to evaluate the underlying structure of the French version of the Resilience Scale (RS-14), a widely used measure to assess resilience both in general and clinical population. Method A sample of 2195 college students from France (18.68% of male; Mean age = 20.09 years old (± 1.21) completed the RS-14, the Child and Youth Resilience Measure, the Social Support Questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. EFA with parallel analysis was conducted to assess the …

Polyvictimization and Cybervictimization Among College Students From France: The Mediation Role of Psychological Distress and Resilience

2019

Few studies have explored potential associations between polyvictimization and cybervictimization and even fewer have involved in college-age sample. As it has been shown in the literature, polyvictimization is associated with higher psychological distress and lower resilience. This study is aimed to model the association between polyvictimization and cybervictimization by testing the mediating role of psychological distress and resilience. The sample included 4,626 undergraduates from France. Participants completed questionnaires assessing cybervictimization, polyvictimization (emotional abuse from parents, exposure to interparental violence, parental neglect, unwanted sexual touching, an…

Haiti Earthquake Trauma

2017

The Transcultural Community Resilience Scale: Psychometric Properties and Multinational Validity in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021

Few instruments assess community resilience. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the capacity of communities to support resilience of members deserves to be assessed to develop programs for improving mental health of affected populations. This article presents the development of the Transcultural-Community Resilience Scale (T-CRS), its underlying factorial structure and transcultural validity with a multilingual (English, French, Creole, Kinyarwanda), multinational (DR Congo, Haiti, Rwanda, Togo) and multicultural sample affected by this pandemic. A sample of 1,267 participants (40.9% women) were recruited in the four countries: DRC (n = 626, 43.4% women), Haiti (n = 225, 42.0% women), R…

Frequency and correlates of anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries: A multinational study

2021

Objective Studies have documented the significant direct and indirect psychological, social, and economic consequences of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in many countries but little is known on its impact in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) already facing difficult living conditions and having vulnerable health systems that create anxiety in individuals for themselves and their loved ones. Using a multinational convenience sample from four LMICs (DR Congo, Haiti, Rwanda, and Togo), this study aims to explore the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated risk and protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 1222 individuals (40.9% of women) complet…