0000000000111294
AUTHOR
Rosa Maria Serio
“Intracellular events following P2Y receptor activation in murine colonic circular muscle”.
Relaxation induced by glucagon-like peptide-2 in mouse gastric preparation.
Effects of vasostatin-1 on mouse gastric mechanical activity.
Novel evidences for a role of dopamine as modulator of intestinal motility: a study on mouse distal colon
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. It has been classically considered that the pathological hallmarks of PD affect primarily the substantia nigra. Nevertheless, it has become increasingly evident that PD is a multicentric neurodegenerative process that affects several neuronal structures outside the substantia nigra, among which is the enteric nervous system (ENS). Pathological alterations within the ENS could be involved in the gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction frequently encountered by PD patients. Dopamine (DA) seems to be a major candidate for the impairment of GI function in PD since its levels were found to be decrea…
Effects of vasostatin-1 on the mouse gastric mechanical activity.
Effects of the chromogranin A 7-57 synthetic peptide on the spontaneous contractions of rat proximal colon
Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in gastric relaxation of dystrophyc (mdx) mice.”
Mechanisms involved in adenosine-induced relaxation of mouse colon
Tachykinergic neurotransmission is enhanced in duodenum from dystrophic (mdx) mice
1 Duodenal longitudinal muscle of mdx mice, an animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, showed a decrease in the electrically evoked nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) inhibitory responses associated with a reduction of the participation of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we investigated whether the impairment of NO could also lead to alterations in the NANC excitatory transmission. 2 Nerve-evoked responses consisted of an inhibitory phase followed, at the end of stimulation, by an excitatory response characterised by an increase in amplitude of the spontaneous contractions. In mdx mice, the amplitude of the nerve-evoked contractions was significantly higher than in normals. 3 N(om…
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors counteract pro-fibrotic signalling in experimental colitis through modulation of TGF-beta/SMAD network
Aims. Cyclooxygenase isoforms (COX-1, COX-2) have been implicated in the development of fibrosis at gastrointestinal sites. Under bowel inflammation, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) has been identified as the main regulator of fibrotic remodelling. The present study investigated the effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on pro-fibrotic signalling mediated by the TGF-beta/SMAD pathway in experimental colitis. Methods. Colitis was induced in rats by intrarectal 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS, 30 mg/rat in 0.25 ml ethanol 50%). After 6 days, systemic [body and spleen weight] and tissue inflammatory parameters [macroscopic and microscopic damage] were assessed. Three days befor…
Modulatory role of cannabinoids on the spontaneous mechanical activity of mouse ileal longitudinal muscle. Acta Physiologica
Cellular transduction mechanisms underlying P2Y receptor activation in mouse colonic muscle
Role of NK2 tachykinergic receptors in stomach of dystrophic (mdx) mice
Peripheral Glucagon-like peptide 2 administration inhibits food intake in mice: Analysis of the mechanism of action.
OBJECTIVE: Previously we showed that, in mice, peripheral administration of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) or [Gly2]GLP-2, the degradation-resistant analogue of GLP-2, reduces food intake in the short term. The purposes of the present study were to compare the influence of [Gly2]GLP-2 with the anorectic effect induced by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and to analyze the mechanism of action responsible for GLP-2-induced effects. METHODS: Food intake was measured in mice, fasted for 16-18 h, at the first hour following peptide or vehicle intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration. The effects of GLP-2 (3-33), GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) antagonist, and exendin (9-39), GLP-1R antagonist were also e…
"In medio stat virtus": Concentration-dependent effects of GABA on colonic motor patterns in mice
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the enteric nervous system, GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) has been shown to modulate neuronal activity via activation of different GABAergic receptors. The consequences of this modulation remain poorly understood and depend on the region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or on the animal species examined. Although several studies have been addressed the role of GABA as neuromodulator in the upper part of GI tract, accumulating data suggest that it may play a key role also in GI distal tract function in health and disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GABA in both spontaneous and electrically-evoked contractions and in the perista…
INVOLVEMENT OF GUANINE-BASED PURINES IN THE MODULATION OF CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION IN MOUSE COLONIC PREPARATIONS
Flavonoid-induced gastric relaxation: structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action.
ADENOSINE IS A MODULATOR OF THE CONTRACTILITY OF THE DUODENAL LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE IN MICE
Non cholinergic excitatory transmission is enhanced in duodenum from dystrophic (mdx) mice
Excitatory neurotransmission in duodemun from dystrophic (mdx) mice
AT1 receptors mediate contractile effects of Angiotensin II on mouse colon
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent smooth muscle contractile neurohumoral agonist via interaction with AT1 and AT2 receptors. Although these receptors are well expressed in the gut, very little research has been devoted to analysed the physiological role played by Ang II (and its receptors) in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility. The effects of Ang II on mouse proximal and distal colon contractility, the receptor subtypes involved were investigated in vitro, using the organ bath technique. Longitudinally-oriented segments from mouse proximal and distal colon displayed ongoing contractile activity, characterized by phasic contractions. Ang II induced a concentration-dependent muscul…
Pharmacological characterization of Uracil nucleotide-sensitive P2Y receptors in mouse ileum
Since uracil nucleotide-preferring receptors, belonging to the P2Y receptor family and responding to either uridine triphosphate (UTP) or uridine diphosphate (UDP), have been proposed to be present at different cellular level in the gut, regulating various functions, we aimed to investigate whether their activation by uracil nucleotides may modulate the contractility of the intestinal muscle. Experiments were carried out in vitro, and the contractility of the longitudinal muscle from mouse ileum was recorded as changes of the isometric tension. UDP or UTP evoked a concentrationdependent, tetrodotoxin insensitive, contractile response. UDP effect was antagonized by suramin and by PPADS, P2 r…
Influence of glucagon-like peptide-2 on mouse proximal colon motility.
Defective dopaminergic control of contractility in colon from hypoxanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient (HPRT‐) knockout mice
Proprietà speciali del muscolo liscio.
Ruolo del GABA come modulatore della attività contrattile nel duodeno di topo :coinvolgimento dei recettori GABAA E GABAC.”
Influence of cannabinoids on NANC neural transmission in mouse colon.
Prejunctional modulation by CB2 receptor agonists on cholinergic evoked responses in mouse stomach.
Mechanisms underlying nitric oxide inhibitory effects in mouse ileal longitudinal muscle
Inhibitory control of duodenal contractility by adenosine in mice
Prejunctional Modulation of Purinergic Neurotransmission by P2Y1 Receptors in Mouse Caecum
Relaxation induced by vasostatin 1 in mouse gastric preparations
A1 receptor-mediated modulatory effects of adenosine on the contractility in mouse ileum: characterization of signal transduction pathway
Functional analysis of the digestive tract in mdx mice
Nitric oxide and gastrointestinal motility
Control of enteric neuromuscular functions by purinergic P2X7 receptors in normal rat distal colon and experimental bowel inflammation
Introduction: Purinergic signalling plays a pivotal role in the physiological regulation of several enteric functions, as well as in the modulation of immune/inflammatory cell activity. Recent evidence has shown an active involvement of the purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in the fine tuning of immune functions, as well as its critical role in driving enteric neuron apoptosis under intestinal inflammation. However, the participation of this receptor pathway in the regulation of enteric neuromuscular functions remains undetermined. Aims: This study investigated the role of P2X7Rs in the control of colonic motility, both under normal conditions and in the presence of experimental colitis. Met…
Adenosine negatively regulates duodenal motility in mice: role of A1 and A2a receptors .
DEFECTS IN DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAY AFFECT CONTRACTILITY OF COLON FROM HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE (HPRT) KNOCKOUT MICE.
Lesch-Nyhan disease is an X-linked neurobehavioral and metabolic disorder caused by lack of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT), a housekeeping enzyme responsible for recycling purines. The mechanisms underlying the neuropathology are not well understood, but the main neurochemical defect, in central nervous system, is linked to a dysfunction of dopaminergic pathway. In the enteric nervous system the dopaminergic nerves are a subset neurons of regulating gut motility, thus we investigated possible changes in colonic motility of HPRT ¯mice related to the dopaminergic control. We evaluated, in vitro, the mechanical activity of circular muscle strips from wild type and HPRT – mouse c…
Effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 on intestinal mechanical activity in mouse
Gastric relaxation induced by flavonoids: analysis of the underlying mechanisms.
GUANOSINE EFFECTS ON THE MOTOR ACTIVITY OF THE MOUSE STOMACH
Guanine-based purines are part of the purinergic system and recently have been shown to act as neuromodulators, interfering with acetylcholine release by enteric neurons in mouse colon. Due to the pivotal role played by enteric neurons in the control of gastrointestinal motility, the aim of the present study was to verify whether guanosine may affect gastric emptying and the mechanical tone, detected in vitro as changes in intraluminal pressure, of the isolated mouse stomach. Guanosine induced a TTX-insensitive concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated stomach, which at the maximal concentration tested (1 mM), reached about 60% of the relaxation induced by 1 mM isoproterenol. The inhib…
Guanine-based purines affects the enteric cholinergic neurotransmission via a mechanism not involving membrane receptors
Increasing evidence indicate that guanine-based purines, known as modulators of intracellular processes, can exert extracellular effects, raising the possibility of the existence of specific receptors for these compounds. We investigated if guaninebased purine receptors may be present in the rodent gastrointestinal tract modulating intestinal contractility, as the well known adenine-based purine receptors. Experiments were performed in vitro recording spontaneous and neurally-evoked contractile activity, as changes in isometric tension, in mouse distal colon circular muscle. Guanosine up to 3 mM or guanine up to 1 mM, did not affect the spontaneous mechanical activity, but they significantl…
Effects of chromogranin A 7-57 synthetic peptide on the spontaneous contractions of rat proximal colon
GABA & “LITTLE BRAIN”: RUOLO EMERGENTE NEL CONTROLLO DELLA MOTILITÀ INTESTINALE
L’acido gamma-ammino butirrico (GABA) è ampiamente riconosciuto come principale neurotrasmettitore inibitore nel sistema nervoso centrale dei mammiferi. Tuttavia numerose evidenze sperimentali suggeriscono una sua azione anche a livello del sistema nervoso enterico (o “little brain”), sezione del sistema nervoso periferico deputata al controllo della funzionalità del tratto gastrointestinale (GI). Dal momento che, ad oggi, gli effetti del GABA rimangono ancora non chiari e sembrerebbero dipendere dalla porzione del tratto GI considerata o dal modello animale esaminato, lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di studiare l’effetto del GABA sulla contrattilità della muscolatura circolare del…
Angiotensin II type-2 receptors and colonic dysmotility associated to experimental colitis in rats
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a newly discovered modulator of intestinal motility, mainly via activation of excitatory AT1 receptors (AT1R). We demonstrated that during gut inflammation there is a recruitment of inhibitory AT2 receptors (AT2R) which would counteract the AT1R-induced effects. Our objective was to explore the consequence of AT2R activation in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis. Colitis was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of 2,4-Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Colonic damage was assessed by macro- and microscopic scores, myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cytokine expression on day 6 after colitis induction. Colonic contractility was recorded in vi…
Un’alterata funzionalita’ del sistema nitrergico determina modificazioni della motilita’ del duodeno di topi distrofici (mdx)”
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF GUANINE-BASED PURINES AND IDENTIFICATION OF A CANDIDATE RECEPTOR
NANC inhibitory neurotransmission in mouse isolated stomach: Involvement of nitric oxide, ATP and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
1. The neurotransmitters involved in NANC relaxation and their possible interactions were investigated in mouse isolated stomach, recording the motor responses as changes of endoluminal pressure from whole organ. 2. Field stimulation produced tetrodotoxin-sensitive, frequency-dependent, biphasic responses: rapid transient relaxation followed by a delayed inhibitory component. 3. The inhibitor of the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), L-NAME, abolished the rapid relaxation and significantly reduced the slow relaxation. Apamin, blocker of Ca 2+-dependent K + channels, or ADPβS, which desensitises P 2y purinoceptors, reduced the slow relaxation to 2-8 Hz, without affecting that to 16-32 Hz or the…
Evidence for region-specific effects of glucagone-like peptide-2 in mouse stomach
Role for D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors in the modulation of intestinal motility in mice
Objective: In the last years a plethora of studies addressed dopamine (DA) as a modulator within the enteric nervous system (ENS), controlling gastrointestinal (GI) functions via activation of D1- and D2-like receptors. However, the effective role and functional significance of DA in the ENS, and the contribution of its receptors, are still a matter of debate. Pathological alterations of dopaminergic system in the gut may be likely implicated in different motor GI disorders, including dyspepsia and gastroparesis. Thus, a detailed characterization of the enteric dopaminergic signalling is necessary. The aim of this study was to explore the role of DA in the GI tract, using as model the mouse…
Opposite effects of dopamine on the mechanical activity of longitudinal and circular muscles in human colon
Objective: Dopamine (DA) has been proposed to act as a modulator of GI motility, via activation of specific receptors D1- and D2-like receptors widely expressed throughout the length of the gastrointestinal tract, in different animal species. However, little and not clear information are available about DA effect in the human gut. The aims of this study were to elucidate whether dopamine may affect contractility in human colon, the receptor subtypes involved and the possible differences in the function and distribution of dopaminergic receptors between longitudinal and circular muscle. Methods: Mechanical responses to dopamine were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension in strips…
Ultrastructural changes in the Interstitials Cells of Cajal and gastric dysrhythmias in mice lacking full-length dystrophin (mdx mice)
At least two populations of c-kit positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) lie in the gastric wall, one located at the myenteric plexus level has a pace-making function and the other located intramuscularly is intermediary in the neurotransmission and regenerates the slow waves. Both of these ICC sub-types express full-length dystrophin. Mdx mice, an animal model lacking in full-length dystrophin and used to study Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), show gastric dismotilities. The aim of the present study was to verify in mdx mice whether: (i) gastric ICC undergo morphological changes, through immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses; and (ii) there are alterations in the electrica…
Inducible nitric oxide synthase participates to the evoked relaxation in dystrophic (mdx) gastric preparations
Modulation of the spontaneous mechanical activity of mouse ileum: interplay between cannabinoids and purines
Activation of P2Y receptors by ATP and by its analogue, ADPbetaS, triggers two calcium signal pathways in the longitudinal muscle of mouse distal colon.
Our previous research showed that ATP and adenosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate (ADPbetaS) induce contractile effects in the longitudinal muscle of mouse distal colon via activation of P2Y receptors which are not P2Y(1) or P2Y(12) subtypes. This study investigated the nature of the P2Y receptor subtype(s) and the mechanisms leading to the intracellular calcium concentration increase necessary to trigger muscular contraction. Motor responses of mouse colonic longitudinal muscle to P2Y receptor agonists were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension. ATP or ADPbetaS induced muscular contraction, which was not affected by P2Y(11) or P2Y(13) selective antagonists. Calcium-free solution or th…
GABA and its receptors in the enteric nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract.
Altered electrical activity in duodenal muscle cells from mdx (dystrophic) mice.
Uncovering the Signaling Pathway behind Extracellular Guanine-Induced Activation of NO System: New Perspectives in Memory-Related Disorders
Mounting evidence suggests that the guanine-based purines stand out as key player in cell metabolism and in several models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Guanosine (GUO) and guanine (GUA) are extracellular signaling molecules derived from the breakdown of the correspondent nucleotide, GTP, and their intracellular and extracellular levels are regulated by the fine-tuned activity of two major enzymes, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and guanine deaminase (GDA). Noteworthy, GUO and GUA, seem to play opposite roles in the modulation of cognitive functions, such as learning and memory. Indeed GUO, despite exerting neuroprotective, anti-apoptot…
Mechanisms involved in the motility disturbances of dystrophic (mdx) mice
Postnatal developmental changes in the dopaminergic signaling in mouse gut
The presence of dopamine-containing neurons in the enteric nervous system has been described, but it is far to be clear their role in the modulation of gut motility. Moreover, ontogenetic studies shows that dopaminergic neurons are late-developing neurons, arising perinatally, but there are no informations if dopaminergic signaling may undergo to developmental changes after birth, as demonstrated for other signaling. Thus, using a pharmacological approach, we examined, in vitro, the role of dopaminergic neurons in the regulation of duodenal contractility in neonatal mice (≤48 h postnatal) compared to the adults. Transcripts for all dopaminergic receptors were detected in mouse duodenum at e…
Effects of CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists on the neurally-evoked responses in mouse stomach.
Intracellular mechanisms involved in NO-induced relaxation of mouse ileum
ATP contributes to excitatory enteric neurotransmission in the longitudinal muscle of mouse distal colon.
Alterations of intestinal transit and fecal output in dystrophic mdx mice.
Effects of cannabinoids on NANC neural trasmission in mouse colon
A1 ADENOSINE RECEPTOR MODULATION OF CONTRACTILITY IN MOUSE DUODENUM LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE.
Experimental evidence suggests that adenosine is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal functions. In the present study we examined the influence of adenosine on the contractile activity of mouse duodenum longitudinal muscle. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the expression of all the adenosine receptors in whole thickness duodenum, being the A2B receptors expressed only in the neuromuscular layer. Mechanical activity of longitudinally oriented duodenal segments was recorded in vitro as changes in isometric tension. Adenosine produced concentration-dependent relaxation, markedly reduced by DPCPX, A1 receptor antagonist, but unaffected by DMPX or MRS 1220, A2 a…
Relaxation Induced By Guanosine in Mouse Stomach
Guanine-based purines are part of the purinergic system and recently have been shown to act as neuromodulators, interfering with acetylcholine release by enteric neurons in mouse colon. Due to the pivotal role played by enteric neurons in the control of gastrointestinal motility, the aim of the present study was to verify whether guanosine may affect gastric emptying and the mechanical tone, detected in vitro as changes in intraluminal pressure, of the isolated mouse stomach. Guanosine induced a TTX-insensitive concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated stomach, which at the maximal concentration tested (1 mM), reached about 60% of the relaxation induced by 1 µM isoproterenol. The inhib…
SISTEMA GASTROINTESTINALE.
Increased calcium influx is responsible for the sustained mechanical tone in colon from dystrophic (mdx) mice
Background & Aims: Proximal colon from dystrophic mice develops spontaneous tone increment, but the mechanisms involved in its development have not been investigated. This study examined whether alterations in the properties of cell membrane calcium channels and/or sarcoplasmic reticular (SR) Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) contribute to tone development. Methods: Effects of calcium-free solution, nifedipine, pinaverium (calcium channel blockers), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; SR Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor) on the contractile activity of colon from mdx and control mice were determined. Results: Calcium-free solution abolished spontaneous contractions in both preparations, but decreased the…
Comparison of pacing activity in duodenal muscle cells from and mdx (dystrophic) mice.
POSTNATAL MATURATION OF SEROTONIN SIGNALING SYSTEM IN MOUSE DUODENUM
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A plethora of study in animal neurodevelopmental models demonstrate that in central nervous system (CNS) temporal differences occur in the maturation of different neurotransmitter systems (Goldman-Rakic & Brown, 1982, Ehrlich et al., 2013). Although significant advances have been made in understanding the modifications in CNS, only primarily descriptive studies about the changes taking place in enteric nervous system (ENS), main regulator of gastrointestinal (GI) functions, have been underway. As the other organ systems, digestive system is still developing and maturing after birth and thus it is possible to speculate that the changes in the chemical coding of ENS may o…
P2Y-mediated contractile responses in the longitudinal muscle of mouse distal colon: distinct signaling pathways
Is guanine a regulator of contractility in rat colon?
Effects of exogenous tachykinins on gastric tone of normal and mdx mice: a comparative analysis
"A1 receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of adenosine on the contractility in mouse ileum.”
Peripheral motor effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 in mouse intestine.
Agonist-specific Ca2+ signaling at P2Y receptors
POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (5-HT) SIGNALING SYSTEM IN THE MOUSE
Effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 on mouse gastric tone
Peripheral motor action of glucagon like peptide-1 through enteric neuronal receptors.
Effects of cannabinoids on spontaneous mechanical activity of mouse ileal longitudinal muscle.
Changes in the contractility of colon from hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) knockout mice (Lesch-Nyhan disease)
Role of the cromogranin A-derived fragments on the spontaneous contractions of rat proximal colon
Differential recruitment of Angiotensin II receptors in the modulation of rat colonic contractile activity in experimental inflammation
Objective: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), are severe gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, with unknown aetiology, characterized by a chronic intestinal inflammatory reaction, progressively affecting GI functions, as gut motility. During inflammatory events, modifications in the functionality of some enteric modulators could contribute to the pathological changes of GI motor patterns. Angiotensin II (Ang II), the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has been recently reported as novel regulator of GI motility, acting on the specific receptors (AT1R and AT2R) located on the gut wall. Since recent studies have pointed out an involvement of RAS system in GI inflammation, we expl…
Interplay between cannabinoids and purines in the modulation of the spontaneous mechanical activity of mouse ileum.
IMPAIRMENT OF NEURAL CONTROL IN DUODENAL SEGMENTS OF DYSTROPHIC (MDX ) MICE.”
Influence by glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on spontaneous mechanical activity and electrically-evoked cholinergic contractions in mouse proximal colon.
POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN ENTERIC DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM
The postnatal period is a key period of life, characterized by the maturation of various organs and in particular of the gut. Currently, we have a poor understanding of the development of neurological and endocrine factors that control intestinal motility. Such knowledge can provide indications about the potency, efficacy, or therapeutic range of a drug in premature infants. Dopaminegic antagonists are often used as prokinetic drugs to treat impaired GI propulsion, although the role of the enteric dopaminergic system in the control of intestinal motility in neonatal vs adult has not been adequately addressed. In this view the aim of this study, was to examine, the functionality of the dopam…
Adenosine receptor subtypes in mouse colon
Funzioni neurovegetative.
In rat fibrotic colon TGF-beta/SMAD signalling is modulated by cyclooxygenases inihibitors
Peripheral motor action of glucagon-like peptide-1 through enteric neuronal receptors.
Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a proglucagon-derived peptide expressed in the enteroendocrine-L cells of small and large intestine and released in response to meal ingestion. Glucagon-like peptide-1 exerts inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal motility through vagal afferents and central nervous mechanisms; however, no data is available about a direct influence on the gastrointestinal wall. Our aim was to investigate the effects of GLP-1 on the spontaneous and evoked mechanical activity of mouse duodenum and colon and to identify the presence and distribution of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in the muscle coat. Methods Organ bath recording technique and immunohistochemistry were …
ROLE OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM IN COLONIC DYSMOTILITY ASSOCIATED WITH BOWEL INFLAMMATION IN RATS
Dysregulation of different mediator systems could contribute to the gut dismotility in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), chronic disorders characterized by an exasperated immune response disturbing gut functions. Among these, Angiotensin II (Ang II), the main peptide of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), can participate in inflammatory responses and RAS components are increased in IBD patients. Since RAS has emerged as gut motility regulator, our objectives was to investigate, in an IBD rat model, the RAS functionality and its eventual contribution to colonic dismotility. Experimental colitis was induced in rats by intracolonic administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS). Drug e…
Dopaminergic signaling in mouse duodenum and postanatal developmental changes
MATERNAL HIGH FAT DIET CONSUMPTION DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: IMPACT ON INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION IN PREWEANING OFFSPRING
Different evidence supports an important role for maternal obesity in the development of childhood obesity and subsequent adult disease. This study is addressed to investigate if and to which extend maternal high fat feeding would induce compensatory and adaptative responses in gut predisposing to the eventual development of paediatric obesity. Adult female mice were divided into two groups fed with i) high fat (HF) diet and ii) standard chow (SC)diet, during pregnancy and lactation. HF mothers showed a significant weight gain, higher levels of blood glucose and an abnormal glucose tolerance compared to SC mother, indicating the establishment of metabolic syndrome. Then, offspring subdivide…