Constant Power Solution of Hill’s Equation

This book deals with constant power solution of Hill’s equation. This book covers key areas of muscle mechanics; muscle force; muscle power; force-velocity relationship; Hill’s equation; arm movement; leg movement etc. This book contains various materials suitable for students, researchers and academicians of this area.

Constant Power Model in Arm Rotation—A New Approach to Hill’s Equation

The purpose of this study was to further develop the constant power model of a previous study and to provide the final solution of Hill’s force-velocity equation. Forearm and whole arm rotations of three different subjects were performed downwards (elbow and shoulder extension) and upwards (elbow and shoulder flexion) with maximum velocity. These arm rotations were recorded with a special camera system and the theoretically derived model of constant maximum power was fitted to the experimentally measured data. The moment of inertia of the arm sectors was calculated using immersion technique for determining accurate values of friction coefficients of elbow and whole arm rotations. The experi…

Hill's Equation in the Arm Push of Shot Put

Aims: The purpose of this paper was to continue the previous study of arm rotation movement where A.V. Hill’s force-velocity relationship was transformed into a constant maximum power model consisting of three different components of power. Methodology: In the present study a new model of Hill’s equation was applied for accelerated motions. This theoretically derived model of further development of Hill’s force-velocity relationship was tested by fitting it into two arm push measurements of shot put experiments. The results of the further development of Hill’s equation for accelerated motions were compared with the mechanics of the constant power model of the previous study. Results: The an…

STUDY OF LEG MOVEMENT IN ONE- AND TWO-LEGGED HOPPING

This study was based on the previous research where mechanics of the leg-pushing phase in shot put was studied. The present paper examined the functional mechanics of leg movements during the ground contact of the jumps on one leg and on two legs. The principle of the measuring method was to photograph the movement in series of subject images on one frame where the marker lights attached to the subject can be seen as broken light-lines. The measuring accuracy of the system (time and distance) proved to be very high. This new measuring method is a useful complement to the existing methods. The aim of the study was to approximate the measured points by a suitable curve. Two equations (represe…

Modeling the force – velocity relationship in arm movement

Modeling the force-velocity dependence of a muscle-tendon unit has been one of the most interesting objectives in the field of muscle mechanics. The so-called Hill’s equation [1,2] is widely used to describe the force-velocity relationship of muscle fibers. Hill’s equation was based on the laboratory measurements of muscle fibers and its application to the practical measurements in muscle mechanics has been problematic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a new explicit calculation method to determine the force-velocity relationship, and test its function in experimental measurements. The model was based on the motion analysis of arm movements. Experiments on forearm rotatio…

Modeling muscle mechanics of arm and leg movement : a new approach to Hill's equation

Hill’s Equation in Arm Push of Shot Put and in Braking of Arm Rotation

This chapter consists of the earlier study of shot put where A.V. Hill’s force-velocity relationship was transformed into a constant maximum power model consisting of three different components of power. In addition, the braking phase of the arm rotation movement was examined where Hill’s equation was applied for accelerated motions. Hill’s force-velocity relationship was tested by fitting it into two arm push measurements of shot put experiments and one braking phase of whole arm rotation. Theoretically derived equation for accelerated motions was in agreement with the measured data of shot put experiments and the braking phase of the whole arm rotation experiment. Maximum power in these e…