0000000000139384
AUTHOR
A. Shishko
Numerical and experimental MHD studies of Lead-Lithium liquid metal flows in multichannel test-section at high magnetic fields
Abstract Numerical simulation and experiments have been performed at high magnetic fields (1–3T) to study the MHD assisted molten Lead-Lithium (PbLi) flow in a model test-section which has typical features of multiple parallel channel flows as foreseen in various blanket module of ITER. The characteristics Hartmann number of the presented case study is up to 1557 which is relevant to typical fusion blanket conditions. Symbols B0, a, σ, μ in the definition of Hartmann number are strength of the applied magnetic field, characteristic length scale which is half the channel width parallel to the magnetic field, electrical conductivity and dynamic viscosity of PbLi respectively. Flow distributio…
Magnetic field effect on the corrosion processes at the Eurofer–Pb–17Li flow interface
Abstract Structural and elemental analyses of the RAFM steel (EUROFER 97) interface with flowing Pb–17Li eutectic (velocity 5 cm/s at 550 °C, 1000 h) under the action of a strong magnetic field (B = 1.7 T) were performed using optical microscopy, SEM, confocal microscopy, precision micro-hardness methods, SIMS and point or line-scan EDX analyses. The results show that the magnetic field induces a faster crushing of martensite into the grains, a deeper dissolution of grain boundaries, an enhancement of the Fe and Cr mass transfer and a fast detachment of corrosion layers due to MHD effects.
Gravitational flow of a thin film of liquid metal in a strong magnetic field
Abstract The influence of a poloidal magnetic field of the spherical Tokamak on super thin (h ≈ 0.1 mm) film flow of liquid metal driven by gravity over the surface of the cooled divertor plate is addressed. The experimental setup developed at the Institute of Physics, University of Latvia (IPUL) is described, which makes it possible to drive and visualize such liquid metal flows in the solenoid of the superconducting magnet “Magdalena”. As applied to the above setup, the magnetic field effect on the operation of the capillary system of liquid metal flow distribution (CSFD) is evaluated by using molten metal (lithium or eutectic InGaSn alloy) with a very small linear flowrate q ≤ 1 mm2/s, s…
Liquid metal MHD studies with non-magnetic and ferro-magnetic structural material
Abstract In most of the liquid metal MHD experiments reported in the literature to study liquid breeder blanket performance, SS316/SS304 grade steels are used as the structural material which is non-magnetic. On the other hand, the structural material for fusion blanket systems has been proposed to be ferritic martensitic grade steel (FMS) which is ferromagnetic in nature. In the recent experimental campaign, liquid metal MHD experiments have been carried out with two identical test sections: one made of SS316L (non-magnetic) and another with SS430 (ferromagnetic), to compare the effect of structural materials on MHD phenomena for various magnetic fields (up to 4 T). The maximum Hartmann nu…
3D MHD lead–lithium liquid metal flow analysis and experiments in a Test-Section of multiple rectangular bends at moderate to high Hartmann numbers
Abstract Experiments with liquid lead–lithium (Pb–Li) were carried out in a stainless steel (SS) Test Section (TS) consisting of multiple 90° bends for various flow rates and applied magnetic fields of up to 4 T. Characteristic MHD flow parameter Hartmann number, Ha ( = B 0 a σ / μ , Ha2 is the ratio of electromagnetic force to viscous force) and interaction parameter, N ( = σ a B 0 2 / ρ U , N is the ratio of electromagnetic force to inertial force) of these experiments were varied from Ha = 515 to 2060 and N = 25 to 270 by changing the applied magnetic field and flow rates respectively. Three dimensional numerical simulations have been carried out using MHD module of FLUENT code. The meas…
Corrosion Phenomena of Eurofeer Steel in Pb-17Li Stationary Flow at Magnetic Field
Search of new energy sources draws the increasing attention to use for this purpose of reactors. In the Europe some years the program EUROATOM uniting scientific of the many countries for the decision of constructive problems at designing of fusion reactors operates. One of the main things in this program is the problem of liquid metals breeder blanket behaviour. Structural material of blanket should meet high requirements because of extreme operating conditions. Therefore the knowledge of the effect of metals flow velocity, temperatures and also a neutron irradiation and a magnetic field on the corrosion processes are necessary. At the moment the eutectic lead -lithium (Pb-17Li) is conside…