Electron Spin Resonance study of charge trapping in α-ZnMoO4 single crystal scintillator
The origin and properties of electron and hole traps simultaneously appearing in a-ZnMoO4 scintillator after X-ray irradiation at low temperatures (T < 35 K) were studied by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). ESR spectrum of the electron type trap shows pronounced superhyperfine structure due to the interaction of electron spin with nuclear magnetic moments of 95,97Mo and 67Zn lattice nuclei. Considering the nearly tetragonal symmetry of the center this allows us to identify the electron trap as an electron self-trapped at the (Mo(1)O4) 2 complex. Nearly 60% reduction of the spin–orbit coupling at the Mo(1) ion is caused by the overlap of the Mo and ligand oxygen orbitals indicating an essentia…
Study of the defects in La3Ta0.5Ga5.5O14 single crystals
Abstract Defects that are formed during crystal growth pose a serious obstacle for potential application of La 3 Ga 5.5 Ta 0.5 O 14 (LGT) as a laser or piezoelectric crystal. We have performed the study of the defects origin in LGT crystals grown in different atmospheres using optical, EPR and time-resolved luminescence characterization methods. The absorption bands detected in the transparency region at 290, 360 and 490 nm ( T =300 K) demonstrate different dependence on crystal annealing in vacuum and air. EPR analysis demonstrated that the defects responsible for these bands are non-paramagnetic. X-ray irradiation results in hole trapping by oxygen ions thus forming O − centers perturbed …
Untangling the controversy on Ce3+luminescence in LaAlO3crystals
The work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation project no. 18-14789S and by Operational Programme Research, Development and Education financed by European Structural and Investment Funds and the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Project No. SOLID21 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000760). We acknowledge MAX IV Laboratory for time on Beamline FinEstBeAMS under Proposal 20180572. The research leading to this result was supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the H…
Eu2+ Stabilization in YAG Structure: Optical and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study
A set of Eu-doped Y3Al5O12 (YAG) phosphors in the powder form was successfully synthesized by multiple-step solid-state reaction under the reducing Ar:5%H2 atmosphere. Their physical properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Special attention was given to well-grounded confirmation of Eu2+ occurrence in the YAG structure. X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of a major YAG phase in all samples. The influence of Eu concentration, form of doping (EuS, EuF2, or Eu2O3) and number/form of annealing steps was studied. Corresponding characteristics were measured and evaluated in a broad temper…
EPR study of Ce3+ luminescent centers in the Y2SiO5 single crystalline films
Abstract The work reports results of EPR investigation of the Ce3+ incorporation in the Y2SiO5 and (Y,La)2SiO5 single crystalline films (SCFs), grown by liquid phase epitaxy method. The Ce3+ content determined from EPR spectra varied between 0.49 and 0.65 at. % in Y2SiO5 SCFs and strongly increased up to 1.9 at. % in (Y,La)2SiO5 SCF, suggesting a positive role of the La dopant in the incorporation of the Ce3+ ions into Y2SiO5 host. The EPR study showed the presence of only one type of Ce3+ centers (Ce1) corresponding to the localization of Ce3+ ions in the seven–fold coordinated positions of the Y2SiO5 host. No Ce2 center spectra (six-fold coordinated Ce3+ positions) were detected in films …
Optical, Structural and Paramagnetic Properties of Eu-Doped Ternary Sulfides ALnS2 (A = Na, K, Rb; Ln = La, Gd, Lu, Y)
Eu-doped ternary sulfides of general formula ALnS2 (A = Na, K, Rb; Ln = La, Gd, Lu, Y) are presented as a novel interesting material family which may find usage as X-ray phosphors or solid state white light emitting diode (LED) lighting. Samples were synthesized in the form of transparent crystalline hexagonal platelets by chemical reaction under the flow of hydrogen sulfide. Their physical properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X-ray excited fluorescence. Corresponding characteristics, including absorption, radioluminescence, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra, and decay k…
Luminescence and scintillation properties of Mg-codoped LuAG:Pr single crystals annealed in air
Abstract The influence of the Mg 2+ codoping and annealing in the air on the scintillation and luminescence characteristics of Pr-doped lutetium-aluminum garnet crystals (LuAG) was studied to find a possible positive effect of Pr 4+ . The overall scintillation efficiency under X-ray excitation of the annealed Pr- doped samples decreased with increasing Mg concentration. This was explained by increased overlap of the Pr 3+ 5d-4f emission with the charge-transfer (CT) absorption band of the Pr 4+ ion stabilized by Mg 2+ . This absorption caused even greater decrease of the light yield, as the light is collected from the whole sample volume in the pulse-height spectrum measurement. Electron ce…
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of theCe3+pair centers inYAlO3:Ce scintillator crystals
Single crystals of $\mathrm{YAl}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ doped with Ce have been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at the 9.4 and 34 GHz microwave bands. Besides the single-ion $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{e}}^{3+}$ spectrum, measurements have revealed many satellite lines which belong to the $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{e}}^{3+}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{e}}^{3+}$ pair centers. Their spectra have been fitted by a general effective spin Hamiltonian describing two interacting particles with the spin $S=1/2$. Corresponding $g$ factors and spin-spin coupling constants have been determined. The spin-spin coupling constants are in the range from 0.1 up to $0.65\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mat…
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of exchange coupled Ce3+ ions in Lu2SiO5 single crystal scintillator
Abstract The Ce 3+ ions incorporation inside lutetium oxyorthosilicate (Lu 2 SiO 5 ) single crystals was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. Already known Ce1 and Ce2 centers originating from the lattice peculiarity allowing two lutetium sites coordinated by different number of the oxygen ions were detected. Remarkably, for the Ce2 center, the determined g 2 tensor is asymmetric and could not be diagonalized as compared to the Ce1 center, for which the three principal values and corresponding axes orientation have been determined and reported previously. Besides, the much weaker resonance lines found in spectra close to those coming from the Ce1 and Ce2, and following them under cry…
Tunable Eu2+ emission in KxNa1 − xLuS2 phosphors for white LED application
Set of Eu2+-doped KxNa1 − xLuS2 phosphors (x = 0–1) in the form of transparent crystalline hexagonal platelets was successfully synthesized by chemical reaction under the flow of hydrogen sulfide. Their physical properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance. Special attention was given to photoluminescence emission spectra under the 395 nm and 455 nm excitation aiming to obtain white emission with tunable color temperature. EPR method was employed to understand the Eu2+ incorporation and distribution in the KxNa1 − xLuS2 hosts. CIE xy-coordinates were calculated to compare effects o…
Charge trapping processes and energy transfer studied in lead molybdate by EPR and TSL
Abstract Charge trapping and energy transfer processes are investigated in PbMoO4 single crystals by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and wavelength-resolved thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) in a correlated manner. New signals produced by two differently perturbed Mo5+ centers (Mo2 and Mo3) were observed in EPR spectra measured in the crystals after 420 nm light irradiation. Two sets of spin-Hamiltonian parameters, g tensor and the 95,97Mo, 207Pb (super) hyperfine tensors, have been determined and analyzed in terms of crystal field and LCAO-MO theories. A significant overlap of the Mo 5d1 and 6s6p ligand Pb orbitals was deduced for the Mo3 whereas the Mo2 center seemed to be not…
LPE growth and study of the Ce3+ incorporation in LuAlO3:Ce single crystalline film scintillators
This work reports the results of the optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) investigation of the Ce3+ incorporation in single crystalline film (SCF) scintillators of Ce-doped LuAlO3 perovskite, grown by the liquid phase epitaxy method onto YAlO3 substrates using a PbO–B2O3 flux. The absorption, luminescence and EPR spectra showed the presence of the main Ce3+ center type (CeLu) corresponding to the location of Ce3+ ions in the twelve-fold coordinated cuboctahedral positions of the LuAlO3 host. Also the dimer CeLu–CeLu centers were found in the EPR spectra of the LuAP:Ce SCFs. No EPR spectrum of the Ce3+ ions located in the octahedral positions of Al3+ cations has been detected in…