0000000000148877
AUTHOR
P. Chau
Construction, Commissioning and First Results of a Highly Granular Hadron Calorimeter with SiPM-on-Tile Read-out
The CALICE collaboration is developing a highly granular Analogue Hadron sampling CALorimeter (AHCAL) for a future electron-positron collider. Very small detection units are required for the AHCAL due to an optimized design for the Particle Flow Algorithm. This is realized with scintillator tiles each wrapped in reflector foil and individually read out by a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). These scintillator tiles and SiPMs are assembled on readout boards (HCAL Base Unit, HBU) which are integrated later on in the AHCAL detector stack. With this design a higher energy resolution is achievable, but also a large quantity of components (around 8,000,000 scintillator tiles and SiPMs) are needed t…
The magnet of the scattering and neutrino detector for the SHiP experiment at CERN
The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment proposal at CERN demands a dedicated dipole magnet for its scattering and neutrino detector. This requires a very large volume to be uniformly magnetized at B > 1.2 T, with constraints regarding the inner instrumented volume as well as the external region, where no massive structures are allowed and only an extremely low stray field is admitted. In this paper we report the main technical challenges and the relevant design options providing a comprehensive design for the magnet of the SHiP Scattering and Neutrino Detector.
Development of Structured Scintillator Tiles for High-Granularity Calorimeters
Calorimeters with a fine 3-D segmentation are considered to be a very promising technology for future high-energy physics experiments, since they provide in combination with particle flow algorithms excellent jet energy resolution and particle identification capabilities. Depending on the size, millions of individual channels consisting of a photosensor coupled to a scintillator tile have to be assembled. The usage of structured plastic scintillators with optically separated segments simplifies the mass production. We present the design, production, and performance of a 36 cm × 36 cm scintillator tile divided into 144 segments matching the geometry of the SiPM-based calorimeter frontend dev…
Fast simulation of muons produced at the SHiP experiment using Generative Adversarial Networks
This paper presents a fast approach to simulating muons produced in interactions of the SPS proton beams with the target of the SHiP experiment. The SHiP experiment will be able to search for new long-lived particles produced in a 400~GeV$/c$ SPS proton beam dump and which travel distances between fifty metres and tens of kilometers. The SHiP detector needs to operate under ultra-low background conditions and requires large simulated samples of muon induced background processes. Through the use of Generative Adversarial Networks it is possible to emulate the simulation of the interaction of 400~GeV$/c$ proton beams with the SHiP target, an otherwise computationally intensive process. For th…
Comparison of Silicon Photomultiplier Characteristics using Automated Test Setups
Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) are photo-sensors consisting of an array of hundreds to thousands pixels with a typical pitch of 10-100 μm. They exhibit an excellent photon counting and time resolution. Therefore applications of SiPMs are emerging in many fields. In order to characterize SiPMs, the PRISMA Detector Lab at Mainz has established three automated test setups. Setup-A is dedicated to measure the gain, the dark count rate and the optical crosstalk probability. The temperature dependencies are characterized by operating the setup in a climate chamber. Setup-B is an optical system to measure the photon detection efficiency. Setup-C addresses the most challenging aspect of comparing …
A Design of Scintillator Tiles Read Out by Surface-Mounted SiPMs for a Future Hadron Calorimeter
Precision calorimetry using highly granular sampling calorimeters is being developed based on the particle flow concept within the CALICE collaboration. One design option of a hadron calorimeter is based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to detect photons generated in plastic scintillator tiles. Driven by the need of automated mass assembly of around ten million channels stringently required by the high granularity, we developed a design of scintillator tiles directly coupled with surface-mounted SiPMs. A cavity is created in the center of the bottom surface of each tile to provide enough room for the whole SiPM package and to improve collection of the light produced by incident particles…
The experimental facility for the Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS
The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) Collaboration has shown that the CERN SPS accelerator with its 400 $\mathrm{\small GeV/c}$ proton beam offers a unique opportunity to explore the Hidden Sector. The proposed experiment is an intensity frontier experiment which is capable of searching for hidden particles through both visible decays and through scattering signatures from recoil of electrons or nuclei. The high-intensity experimental facility developed by the SHiP collaboration is based on a number of key features and developments which provide the possibility of probing a large part of the parameter space for a wide range of models with light long-lived superweakly interacting particles…