0000000000153654
AUTHOR
Jürgen Heinze
All-sky search in early O3 LIGO data for continuous gravitational-wave signals from unknown neutron stars in binary systems
Rapidly spinning neutron stars are promising sources of continuous gravitational waves. Detecting such a signal would allow probing of the physical properties of matter under extreme conditions. A significant fraction of the known pulsar population belongs to binary systems. Searching for unknown neutron stars in binary systems requires specialized algorithms to address unknown orbital frequency modulations. We present a search for continuous gravitational waves emitted by neutron stars in binary systems in early data from the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors using the semicoherent, GPU-accelerated, binaryskyhough pipeline. The search analyzes the most s…
Supplementary TextS26 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
This Supplement includes Supplementary Methods and Results; Table S4; List of Captions for Supplementary Tables and Supplementary Figures; List of Supplementary Archives deposited at DRYAD and Supplementary References.
Electrochemically Induced Reversible and Irreversible Coupling of Triarylamines
The electrochemical coupling and dimerization behavior of the low molecular compounds triphenylamine (TPA) and 9-phenylcarbazole (PHC) in comparison to tri-p-tolylamine (p-TTA) with para-blocked methyl groups has been investigated in detail. In contrast to the unsubstituted radical cations of TPA and PHC, the radical cations of p-TTA are stable in the radical cation state and do not undergo any further coupling reactions. However, we found that the dicationic state of p-TTA does undergo two different competitive reaction pathways: (1) an irreversible intramolecular coupling reaction which leads to phenylcarbazole moieties and (2) a reversible intermolecular dimerization leading to charged σ…
Cytoplasmic incompatibility between Old and New World populations of a tramp ant
Reproductive manipulation by endosymbiotic Wolbachia can cause unequal inheritance, allowing the manipulator to spread and potentially impacting evolutionary dynamics in infected hosts. Tramp and invasive species are excellent models to study the dynamics of host-Wolbachia associations because introduced populations often diverge in their microbiomes after colonizing new habitats, resulting in infection polymorphisms between native and introduced populations. Ants are the most abundant group of insects on earth, and numerous ant species are classified as highly invasive. However, little is known about the role of Wolbachia in these ecologically dominant insects. Here, we provide the first d…
Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs
We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called {\tt PyStoch} on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found eviden…
Private information alone can trigger trapping of ant colonies in local feeding optima.
Ant colonies are famous for using trail pheromones to make collective decisions. Trail pheromone systems are characterised by positive feedback, which results in rapid collective decision making. However, in an iconic experiment, ants were shown to become 'trapped' in exploiting a poor food source, if it was discovered earlier. This has conventionally been explained by the established pheromone trail becoming too strong for new trails to compete. However, many social insects have a well-developed memory, and private information often overrules conflicting social information. Thus, route memory could also explain this collective 'trapping' effect. Here, we disentangled the effects of social …
Supplementary Information from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
Additional methods tables and figures
Charging process in electron conducting polymers: dimerization model
Abstract Theory of the charging and discharging process in electron-conducting polymer films at an electrode surface has been presented. It is based on the concept of two coexisting subsystems at the polymer matrix, ‘usual’ sites P which can exchange with the electrode by the electronic charge in a quasi-reversible manner, and sites D where intermolecular bonds between neighboring polymer molecules can be formed. The charging and discharging of the latter subsystem may be realized along different reaction pathways, e.g. via the bond formation after the generation of two cation radicals within such site D in the course of the anodic scan while the bond dissociation may take place via a parti…
Convergent Loss of Chemoreceptors across Independent Origins of Slave-Making in Ants
The evolution of an obligate parasitic lifestyle often leads to the reduction of morphological and physiological traits, which may be accompanied by loss of genes and functions. Slave-maker ants are social parasites that exploit the work force of closely related ant species for social behaviours such as brood care and foraging. Recent divergence between these social parasites and their hosts enables comparative studies of gene family evolution. We sequenced the genomes of eight ant species, representing three independent origins of ant slavery. During the evolution of eusociality, chemoreceptor genes multiplied due to the importance of chemical communication in societies. We investigated ev…
GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150 M⊙
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration: et al.
Comparative analyses of caste, sex, and developmental stage‐specific transcriptomes in two Temnothorax ants
Abstract Social insects dominate arthropod communities worldwide due to cooperation and division of labor in their societies. This, however, makes them vulnerable to exploitation by social parasites, such as slave‐making ants. Slave‐making ant workers pillage brood from neighboring nests of related host ant species. After emergence, host workers take over all nonreproductive colony tasks, whereas slavemakers have lost the ability to care for themselves and their offspring. Here, we compared transcriptomes of different developmental stages (larvae, pupae, and adults), castes (queens and workers), and sexes of two related ant species, the slavemaker Temnothorax americanus and its host Temnoth…
Supplementary Figures from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
This supplement includes Supplementary Figure S1-S17.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects.
The exceptional longevity of social insect queens despite their lifelong high fecundity remains poorly understood in ageing biology. To gain insights into the mechanisms that might underlie ageing in social insects, we compared gene expression patterns between young and old castes (both queens and workers) across different lineages of social insects (two termite, two bee and two ant species). After global analyses, we paid particular attention to genes of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling (IIS)/target of rapamycin (TOR)/juvenile hormone (JH) network, which is well known to regulate lifespan and the trade-off between reproduction and somatic maintenance in solitary insects…
Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects: A significant but inconsistent link?
The life-prolonging effects of antioxidants have long entered popular culture, but the scientific community still debates whether free radicals and the resulting oxidative stress negatively affect longevity. Social insects are intriguing models for analysing the relationship between oxidative stress and senescence because life histories differ vastly between long-lived reproductives and the genetically similar but short-lived workers. Here, we present the results of an experiment on the accumulation of oxidative damage to proteins, and a comparative analysis of the expression of 20 selected genes commonly involved in managing oxidative damage, across four species of social insects: a termit…
GW190412: Observation of a binary-black-hole coalescence with asymmetric masses
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration: et al.
Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars
We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perfor…
The different redox-activity of dianthrylbenzene and dianthrylbiphenyl
Abstract The reduction of dianthrylbenzene and dianthrylbiphenyl to stable tetraanion salts is described by NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The significantly different Coulomb interactions between the anthracene units are compared with those in dianthrylalkanes.
Table S5 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S1 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM 1.
Table S16 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S6 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S20 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S12 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S3 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Supplementary data for Ün et. al. 2020 "Cytoplasmic incompatibility between New and Old World populations of a tramp ant"
Supplementary annotation and phylogenetic data. See included README file for details.
Table S10 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S26 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S24 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Ox stress Bayes from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
zip file containing the original data, the r-script and the r-save files.
Table S3 from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
Details of genes identified in our four study species following Corona and colleagues (Corona et al. 2006).
Table S5 A, B, C from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
Correlation and p-values between the 20 antioxidant genes; PC axis that separated castes in C. secundus, A. mellifera capensis and E. viridissima; PC axis that separated young and old individuals of P. punctata and E. viridissima.
Table S15 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S19 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S4 A, B from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
Genes unambiguously identified in our study species; Normalised read counts identified in our study species
Table S2 from Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects—a significant but inconsistent link?
Genes involved in the enzymatic antioxidant system following Corona and Robinson (2006) identified in Apis, Anopheles and/or Drosophila.
Table S7 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S11 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S2 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S17 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S21 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S23 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S25 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S13 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S9 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S22 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S18 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.
Table S8 from Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms underpinning ageing and fecundity in social insects
Overview of all Supplementary tables provided as separate Excel files, except Table S4 which is included in ESM1.