0000000000156738

AUTHOR

Smith J

showing 3 related works from this author

Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

2017

Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, …

0301 basic medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologylaw.invention0302 clinical medicinec-reactive proteinRandomized controlled triallawCardiovascular Diseasemiddle ageddouble-blind methodantibodiesMyocardial infarctionhumansStrokeinterleukin-1betabiologyAntibodies MonoclonaldrugGeneral MedicineLipidAged; anti-inflammatory agents; antibodies; monoclonal; antibodies; monoclonal; humanized; atherosclerosis; c-reactive protein; cardiovascular diseases; dose-response relationship; drug; double-blind method; female; humans; incidence; infections; interleukin-1beta; lipids; male; middle aged; myocardial infarction; neutropenia; secondary prevention; strokestrokeAnti-Inflammatory AgentagedEditorialfemalemyocardial infarctionAtherosclerosiMonoclonalsecondary preventionHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtymonoclonalNeutropeniaAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedInfectionsPlaceboaged; anti-inflammatory agents; antibodies monoclonal; atherosclerosis; c-reactive protein; cardiovascular diseases; dose-response relationship drug; double-blind method; female; humans; incidence; infection; interleukin-1beta; lipids; male; middle aged; myocardial infarction; neutropenia; secondary prevention; stroke; medicine (all)anti-inflammatory agentsdose-response relationshiplipids03 medical and health sciencesmaleInternal medicinemedicineneutropeniamedicine (all)Dose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryAntiinflammatory Therapy Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic DiseaseC-reactive proteinmedicine.diseaseinfectioncardiovascular diseasesSurgeryCanakinumab030104 developmental biologyincidencebiology.proteinatherosclerosisbusinessNew England journal of medicine
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DALI: Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Are Current -Lactam Antibiotic Doses Sufficient for Critically Ill Patients?

2014

Background. Morbidity and mortality for critically ill patients with infections remains a global healthcare problem. We aimed to determine whether α-lactam antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients achieves concentrations associated with maximal activity and whether antibiotic concentrations affect patient outcome.Methods. This was a prospective, multinational pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study including 8 α-lactam antibiotics. Two blood samples were taken from each patient during a single dosing interval. The primary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets were free antibiotic concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pathogen at both 50% (50% f TMIC) an…

MaleInternational CooperationAntibioticsadverse eventintensive care unitlaw.invention0302 clinical medicinemeropenemModels[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseasesadverse events; continuous infusion; extended infusion; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Blood Chemical Analysis; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; International Cooperation; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Models Statistical; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; beta-Lactams; Critical Illnessantibiotic therapyProspective Studiesamoxicillin plus clavulanic acidComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSbeta lactam antibioticAPACHE0303 health sciencescritical illneadultclinical trial3. Good healthcontinuous infusion; extended infusion; adverse events; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics.antiinfective agent[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitologypriority journaldisease severitybeta-Lactamstatistical model Agedprospective studyHumanMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtydrug exposureCritical IllnessImmunologybloodstream infectionMicrobial Sensitivity Testspiperacillin plus tazobactambeta-LactamsMicrobiologybeta lactam abdominal infection03 medical and health sciencescritically ill patientIntensive careAnti-Bacterial AgentcefepimepharmacodynamicsHumansDosingAdverse effectAgedModels Statistical030306 microbiologyOdds ratiomajor clinical studymortalityantibiotic sensitivityceftriaxoneProspective Studiemulticenter studypharmacodynamics.ampicillinBlood Chemical AnalysisCeftazidimeSettore MED/41 - AnestesiologiaInterquartile rangelaw030212 general & internal medicinepharmacokineticlung infectionMicrobial Sensitivity TestarticleBacterial InfectionsMiddle AgedStatisticalcontinuous infusionIntensive care unitAnti-Bacterial Agentsextended infusionIntensive Care UnitsInfectious DiseasesTreatment Outcomeadverse events; continuous infusion; extended infusion; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Blood Chemical Analysis; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; International Cooperation; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Models Statistical; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; beta-Lactams; Critical Illness; Microbiology (medical); Infectious Diseasescefazolin[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunologyblood samplingFemalepharmacokineticsmedicine.drugmedicine.drug_classprevalencedoripenemminimum inhibitory concentrationBacterial InfectionInternal medicinemedicinecontrolled studyblood analysibusiness.industryBlood Chemical Analysiadverse eventsSurgerypharmacodynamicdrug blood levelbusiness
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Liraglutide and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes.

2017

BACKGROUND: In a randomized, controlled trial that compared liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue, with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk who were receiving usual care, we found that liraglutide resulted in lower risks of the primary end point (nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) and death. However, the long-term effects of liraglutide on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. METHODS: We report the prespecified secondary renal outcomes of that randomized, controlled trial in which patients were assigned to receive liraglutide or placebo. The secondary renal outcome was a co…

MaleSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAcute Kidney Injury; Aged; Albuminuria; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Intention to Treat Analysis; Kidney Failure Chronic; Liraglutide; Male; Middle AgedType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyurologic and male genital diseasesGLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATEKIDNEY-FUNCTIONDISEASElaw.inventionKidney Failurechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialGlucagon-Like Peptide 1lawMedicineDiabetic NephropathiesHypoglycemic Agents.Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateChronicRISKKidneyAcute kidney injury11 Medical And Health SciencesGeneral MedicineAcute Kidney InjuryMiddle AgedIntention to Treat Analysismedicine.anatomical_structureCreatinineTRIALFemaleliraglutide randomized controlled trial type 2 diabetes renal outcomesLife Sciences & BiomedicineType 2Glomerular Filtration Ratemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyRenal function030209 endocrinology & metabolismCARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMESFollow-Up Studie03 medical and health sciencesMedicine General & InternalDouble-Blind MethodGeneral & Internal MedicineDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusAlbuminuriaHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIntensive care medicineAgedCreatinineScience & Technologybusiness.industryLiraglutideMORTALITYLiraglutidemedicine.diseaseINTENSIVE GLUCOSE CONTROLINDIVIDUALSDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryDiabetic NephropathieKidney Failure ChronicLEADER Steering Committee and InvestigatorsbusinessFollow-Up Studies
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