Can visualization alleviate dichotomous thinking? Effects of visual representations on the cliff effect
Common reporting styles for statistical results in scientific articles, such as $p$ p -values and confidence intervals (CI), have been reported to be prone to dichotomous interpretations, especially with respect to the null hypothesis significance testing framework. For example when the $p$ p -value is small enough or the CIs of the mean effects of a studied drug and a placebo are not overlapping, scientists tend to claim significant differences while often disregarding the magnitudes and absolute differences in the effect sizes. This type of reasoning has been shown to be potentially harmful to science. Techniques relying on the visual estimation of the strength of evidence have been recom…
Isotope shifts and nuclear-charge radii in singly ionizedCa40–48
The isotope shifts in the resonance lines 4${\mathit{s}}_{1/2}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4${\mathit{p}}_{1/2,3/2}$ in Ca ii have been measured for the isotopes $^{40\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}48}\mathrm{Ca}$ by fast-ion-beam collinear laser spectroscopy. Atomic many-body perturbation theory was then used to calculate the electronic factor for the field shift, giving F=-285(3) MHz/${\mathrm{fm}}^{2}$. The estimate of the uncertainty in F is based on the agreement at the level of 1% for the 4s and 4p hyperfine structures obtained using the same wave functions which include core polarization and pair correlation to all orders. The theoretical value is in excellent agreement with the result F=-283(6)…